Чипы представляют из себя набор из нескольких слоёв — сенсорных и вычислительных. Первые нужны, чтобы принимать информацию или передавать её в другие чипы. А вторые воспроизводят процессорные инструкции.
Каждый чип оснащён LED-лампочками, которые помогают слоям коммуницировать друг с другом или с другими чипами оптически, без проводов. Эта особенность и является их отличительной чертой.
При этом чипы можно наслаивать друг на друга до бесконечности. Все они будут так же эффективно взаимодействовать между собой без ограничений. А за их работоспособность отвечает искусственный интеллект, который помогает чипам налаживать взаимосвязи между собой.
Прототип чипов. Источник:
сайт MITУчёные из MIT утверждают, что старые архитектуры, которые заставляют пользователей постоянно покупать новые процессоры, должны выйти из моды. На их смену должны прийти расширяемые устройства.
Имеется в виду, что пользователю, например, не придётся покупать новый телефон, чтобы получить устройство с улучшенным процессором или с большим объёмом памяти. Вместо этого он просто будет докупать отдельные элементы и встраивать их. В итоге у его устройства будет необходимая мощность, а ещё пользователь сэкономит деньги и уменьшит количество электронного мусора.
Поэтому специалисты из MIT придумали чип, который приблизит человечество к применению модульной архитектуры такого формата. Его можно легко конфигурировать под любые задачи, добавляя, например, новые сенсоры или увеличивая мощность процессора.
«Вы можете добавлять сколько угодно вычислительных слоёв и сенсоров для любых потребностей. Мы называем это LEGO-подобный настраиваемый чип под управлением искусственного интеллекта, потому что он имеет неограниченную способность расширяться в мощностях», — сказал научный сотрудник MIT Чихун Кан.
Чтобы протестировать чипы на реальных задачах, исследователи сделали прототип с фотосенсором, LED-лампочками и процессором, который содержит «искусственные синопсисы мозга». Последние нужны для имитации того, как человеческий мозг передаёт сигналы.
Вместо того чтобы отправлять бинарные сигналы — 0 или 1, — чипы используют разную силу электрического тока. Это позволяет им использовать больший набор значений. А ещё чипы могут запоминать, какое значение связано с конкретной силой сигнала, что позволяет производить вычисления более эффективно.
Подробнее прочитать о разработке можно на сайте MIT.
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<div class="header-banner topBanner" data-type="header" style="display: block; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 999;">
<a data-source="212323" data-banner="226288" class="universal-notice js-universal-notice-notice universal-notice--webp universal-notice--bitrix universal-notice--active" href="https://skillbox.ru/sale/main/?utm_source=media&utm_medium=banners&utm_campaign=all_all_media_banners_banners_header_all_all_skillbox" target="_blank" style="--banner-bg: #5927E9;--banner-color: #fff;--button-font-color: #000000;--button-bg-color: #FFFFFF;--banner-img-left: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_left/602754/f9ac17dd-a1d4-46c6-aa14-4f7b949defd1.png);--banner-img-left-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_left/602754/f9ac17dd-a1d4-46c6-aa14-4f7b949defd1.webp);--banner-img-center: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.png);--banner-img-center-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.webp);--banner-img-center-mobile: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.png);--banner-img-center-mobile-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.webp);--banner-img-right: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_right/602755/ad7a7fe5-b8d3-47a3-885b-51a7971c12a9.png);--banner-img-right-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_right/602755/ad7a7fe5-b8d3-47a3-885b-51a7971c12a9.webp);">
<span class="universal-notice__wrapper">
<b class="universal-notice__title">
Скидка до 55% и 3 курса в подарок
</b>
<span class="universal-timer js-universal-notice-timer js-universal-notice-active">
<span class="universal-timer__days js-universal-notice-days">2 дня</span>
<span class="js-universal-notice-hours">13</span>
:<span class="js-universal-notice-minutes">30</span>
:<span class="js-universal-notice-seconds">09</span>
</span>
<span class="universal-notice__button">Выбрать курс</span>
</span>
</a><script>
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
// Установите конечную дату
const deadline = new Date();
deadline.setDate(5);
deadline.setHours(0, 0, 0);
// Найдите элементы DOM
var timer = document.querySelector('.universal-timer');
const elDays = timer.querySelector('.js-universal-notice-days');
const elHours = timer.querySelector('.js-universal-notice-hours');
const elMinutes = timer.querySelector('.js-universal-notice-minutes');
const elSeconds = timer.querySelector('.js-universal-notice-seconds');
// Функция обновления таймера
const updateTimer = () => {
const now = new Date();
let diff = Math.max(0, deadline - now);
if (diff === 0) {
let lastDayOfMonth = new Date(now.getFullYear(), now.getMonth() + 1, 0);
let lastDay = lastDayOfMonth.getDate();
if (lastDay - now.getDate() < 4) {
deadline.setMonth(deadline.getMonth() + 1, 1);
} else {
deadline.setDate(deadline.getDate() + 4);
}
diff = Math.max(0, deadline - now);
}
// Time calculations for days, hours, minutes and seconds
var days = Math.floor(diff / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
var hours = Math.floor((diff % (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)) / (1000 * 60 * 60)).toString();
var minutes = Math.floor((diff % (1000 * 60 * 60)) / (1000 * 60)).toString();
var seconds = Math.floor((diff % (1000 * 60)) / 1000).toString();
if (timer) {
let dayTitles = ['день', 'дня', 'дней'];
let daySuffix = dayTitles[(days % 100 > 4 && days % 100 < 20) ? 2 : [2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2][days % 10 < 5 ? days % 10 : 5]]
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elHours.innerHTML = hours.padStart(2, '0');
elMinutes.innerHTML = minutes.padStart(2, '0');
elSeconds.innerHTML = seconds.padStart(2, '0');
}
};
updateTimer();
const timerId = setInterval(updateTimer, 1000);
});
</script>
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</div> <div data-area="article" data-title="Учёные из MIT создали беспроводные чипы процессоров, которые собираются как кубики LEGO / Skillbox Media" class=" noFullClass">
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<li class="info-item"> <time class="info-text" datatime="#">24 июн 2022</time></li>
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<h1 class="article-preview__title">Учёные из MIT создали беспроводные чипы процессоров, которые собираются как кубики LEGO</h1>
<p class="article-preview__description">Они передают данные через LED-лампочки, которые другой чип обрабатывает с помощью машинного зрения.</p>
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Любитель научной фантастики и технологического прогресса. Хорошо сочетает в себе заумного технаря и утончённого гуманитария. Пишет про IT и радуется этому. </div>
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<div class="stk-post stk-layout_12col_18068 stk-theme_26309" data-stk="{"images":[{"id":36216,"alt":"","caption":""}]}" data-ui-id="post" data-ce-tag="post" data-reset-type="class" data-layout-type="auto" data-editor-version="3.2.6-rc2"><h3 class="stk-theme_26309__style_medium_header stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset">Что это такое</strong></h3><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Чипы представляют из себя набор из нескольких слоёв — сенсорных и вычислительных. Первые нужны, чтобы принимать информацию или передавать её в другие чипы. А вторые воспроизводят процессорные инструкции.</p><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Каждый чип оснащён LED-лампочками, которые помогают слоям коммуницировать друг с другом или с другими чипами оптически, без проводов. Эта особенность и является их отличительной чертой.</p><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">При этом чипы можно наслаивать друг на друга до бесконечности. Все они будут так же эффективно взаимодействовать между собой без ограничений. А за их работоспособность отвечает искусственный интеллект, который помогает чипам налаживать взаимосвязи между собой.</p><figure class="stk-reset stk-image-figure" data-ce-tag="image-figure"><div class="stk-mask" data-ce-tag="mask"><img width="900" src="/upload/setka_images/14431124062022_0db8e52ff8cf58200006f6624d29ee5f5eb29151.jpeg" height="600" data-image-id="36216" data-image-name="MIT-Stackable-AI-01-press_0.jpeg" loading="lazy" class="stk-image stk-reset"/></div><figcaption style="display:block" class="stk-reset stk-description" data-ce-tag="description">Прототип чипов. Источник: <a href="https://news.mit.edu/2022/stackable-artificial-intelligence-chip-0613" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">сайт MIT</a></figcaption></figure><h3 class="stk-theme_26309__style_medium_header stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset">Зачем они нужны</strong></h3><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Учёные из MIT утверждают, что старые архитектуры, которые заставляют пользователей постоянно покупать новые процессоры, должны выйти из моды. На их смену должны прийти расширяемые устройства.</p><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Имеется в виду, что пользователю, например, не придётся покупать новый телефон, чтобы получить устройство с улучшенным процессором или с б<strong class="stk-reset">о</strong>льшим объёмом памяти. Вместо этого он просто будет докупать отдельные элементы и встраивать их. В итоге у его устройства будет необходимая мощность, а ещё пользователь сэкономит деньги и уменьшит количество электронного мусора.</p><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Поэтому специалисты из MIT придумали чип, который приблизит человечество к применению модульной архитектуры такого формата. Его можно легко конфигурировать под любые задачи, добавляя, например, новые сенсоры или увеличивая мощность процессора.</p><div class="stk-grid" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><div class="stk-grid stk-theme_26309__mb_15" data-ce-tag="grid" data-stk-css="stksoMrP"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><p class="stk-reset " data-ce-tag="paragraph">«Вы можете добавлять сколько угодно вычислительных слоёв и сенсоров для любых потребностей. Мы называем это LEGO-подобный настраиваемый чип под управлением искусственного интеллекта, потому что он имеет неограниченную способность расширяться в мощностях», — сказал научный сотрудник MIT Чихун Кан.</p></div></div></div></div><h3 class="stk-theme_26309__style_medium_header stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset" data-gtm-vis-has-fired-10171822_255="1">Как они работает</strong></h3><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Чтобы протестировать чипы на реальных задачах, исследователи сделали прототип с фотосенсором, LED-лампочками и процессором, который содержит «<a href="https://news.mit.edu/2020/thousands-artificial-brain-synapses-single-chip-0608" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">искусственные синопсисы мозга</a>». Последние нужны для имитации того, как человеческий мозг передаёт сигналы.</p><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Вместо того чтобы отправлять бинарные сигналы — 0 или 1, — чипы используют разную силу электрического тока. Это позволяет им использовать больший набор значений. А ещё чипы могут запоминать, какое значение связано с конкретной силой сигнала, что позволяет производить вычисления более эффективно.</p><p class="stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Подробнее прочитать о разработке можно на <a class="stk-reset" href="https://news.mit.edu/2022/stackable-artificial-intelligence-chip-0613" target="_blank">сайте MIT</a>.</p><div class="stk-grid" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><div class="stk-grid" data-stk-css="stke9NiP" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-theme_26309__pad_round_1 stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><p class=" stk-theme_26309__style_small_text stk-reset stk-theme_26309__mb_05" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset">Читайте также:</strong></p><ul class=" stk-theme_26309__style_small_text stk-theme_26309__pad_hor_1 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="list"><li class="stk-list-item stk-reset stk-theme_26309__style_small_text" data-ce-tag="list-item"><a class="stk-reset" href="https://skillbox.ru/media/code/roman-dushkin-meditsina-eto-oblast-doveriya/" target="_blank">Роман Душкин: «Медицина — это область доверия»</a><br></li><li class="stk-list-item stk-reset stk-theme_26309__style_small_text" data-ce-tag="list-item"><a class="stk-reset" href="https://skillbox.ru/media/code/vasilisa-versus-devushkam-predyavlyayut-slishkom-vysokiy-tsenz-emotsionalnoy-stabilnosti/" target="_blank">Василиса Версус: «Девушкам предъявляют слишком высокий ценз эмоциональной стабильности»</a><br></li><li class="stk-list-item stk-reset stk-theme_26309__style_small_text" data-ce-tag="list-item"><a class="stk-reset" href="https://skillbox.ru/media/code/parsing-sayta-vmeste-s-python-i-bibliotekoy-beautiful-soup-prostaya-instruktsiya-v-tri-shaga/" target="_blank">Парсинг сайта вместе с Python и библиотекой Beautiful Soup: простая инструкция в три шага<br> </a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><br class=""/><style data-stk-css="stksoMrP" media="all" class="">
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