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Парадигмы программирования: императивная, декларативная, ООП, функциональная и другие
2026-02-21 22:47 Diff
https://skillbox.ru/media/code/paradigmy-programmirovaniya-imperativnaya-deklarativnaya-oop-funktsionalnaya-i-drugie/
15 сен 2022
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Парадигмы программирования: императивная, декларативная, ООП, функциональная и другие

Подкаст «Люди и код», выпуск №36: Роман Душкин.
Иллюстрация: Polina Vari / Skillbox Media
Фанат Free Software Foundation, использует Linux и недолюбливает Windows. Пишет истории про кодинг и программы на Python. Влюблён в Lisp, но пока что не умеет на нём программировать.
Что такое парадигмы программирования и для чего они нужны.
Какие парадигмы программирования существуют.
Верхнеуровневая классификация парадигм программирования.
Императивная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают.
Процедурная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.
Структурная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.
Аспектно-ориентированная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.
Объектно-ориентированная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.
Обобщённое программирование: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.
Декларативная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают.
Функциональная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, как связана с декларативной. За что её критикуют.
Логическая парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, как связана с декларативной.
Что такое метапрограммирование.
Делаются ли попытки сконструировать «неимперативные» микропроцессоры или компьютеры.
YouTube-канал «Душкин объяснит» https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCNU3ns7Y2IFEQwMbL9UfOg
Telegram-канал «Душкин объяснит» http://t.me/drv_official
Видео Романа Душкина о теории автоматов https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyTQkLPfOSQ
Видео Романа Душкина о полиморфизме https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOBIVx_kemw
mave
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                <div class="header-banner topBanner" data-type="header" style="display: block; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 999;">
        <a data-source="213162" data-banner="226288" class="universal-notice js-universal-notice-notice universal-notice--webp universal-notice--bitrix universal-notice--active" href="https://skillbox.ru/sale/main/?utm_source=media&utm_medium=banners&utm_campaign=all_all_media_banners_banners_header_all_all_skillbox" target="_blank" style="--banner-bg: #5927E9;--banner-color: #fff;--button-font-color: #000000;--button-bg-color: #FFFFFF;--banner-img-left: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_left/602754/f9ac17dd-a1d4-46c6-aa14-4f7b949defd1.png);--banner-img-left-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_left/602754/f9ac17dd-a1d4-46c6-aa14-4f7b949defd1.webp);--banner-img-center: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.png);--banner-img-center-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.webp);--banner-img-center-mobile: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.png);--banner-img-center-mobile-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_center/602507/232fc4a5-b130-4af2-a629-bdb293a4dd2e.webp);--banner-img-right: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_right/602755/ad7a7fe5-b8d3-47a3-885b-51a7971c12a9.png);--banner-img-right-webp: url(https://cdn.skillbox.pro/mainsite/banners/promo_picture_right/602755/ad7a7fe5-b8d3-47a3-885b-51a7971c12a9.webp);">
      <span class="universal-notice__wrapper">
        <b class="universal-notice__title">
          Скидка до&nbsp;55% и&nbsp;3&nbsp;курса в&nbsp;подарок
        </b>

        <span class="universal-timer js-universal-notice-timer js-universal-notice-active">
              <span class="universal-timer__days js-universal-notice-days">2 дня</span>
              <span class="js-universal-notice-hours">13</span>
              :<span class="js-universal-notice-minutes">30</span>
              :<span class="js-universal-notice-seconds">09</span>
            </span>

        <span class="universal-notice__button">Выбрать курс</span>
      </span>
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</div>        <div data-area="article" data-title="Парадигмы программирования: императивная, декларативная, ООП, функциональная и другие / Skillbox Media" class="  noFullClass">
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                                        Тимур Тукаев                                     </div>
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                                        Фанат Free Software Foundation, использует Linux и&nbsp;недолюбливает Windows. Пишет истории про кодинг и&nbsp;программы на&nbsp;Python. Влюблён в&nbsp;Lisp, но&nbsp;пока что не&nbsp;умеет на&nbsp;нём программировать.                                    </div>
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                                    <div class="stk-post stk-layout_12col_18068 stk-theme_26309" data-stk="{&quot;images&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:40654,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;}]}" data-ui-id="post" data-ce-tag="post" data-reset-type="class" data-layout-type="auto" data-editor-version="3.2.8-rc1"><div class="stk-theme_26309__mb_15 stk-grid" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><div class="stk-grid valign-bottom stk-theme_26309__mb_05" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="3" class="stk-grid-col valign-middle" data-ce-tag="grid-col" data-stk-css="" data-stk-css-m=""><figure class="stk-reset sklbx-profile__portrait stk-image-figure stk-theme_26309__mb_0" data-ce-tag="image-figure"><div data-ce-tag="mask" class="stk-mask"><img src="/upload/setka_images/15163214092022_01f373eedf19b0407245b4c732577edf09d2a147.png" data-image-id="40654" data-image-name="роман.png" class="stk-image stk-reset" width="1619" height="1619" loading="lazy"/></div></figure></div><div data-col-width="9" class="stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last valign-middle" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><h3 class="stk-theme_26309__style_medium_header stk-theme_26309__mb_05 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Роман Душкин</h3><hr class="stk-theme_26309__separator_basic_divider stk-theme_26309__mb_05 stk-reset"/><div class="stk-grid stk-theme_26309__mb_0" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="9" class="stk-grid-col valign-top stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><p class="stk-theme_26309__mb_05 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Автор и ведущий просветительского YouTube-канала «<a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCNU3ns7Y2IFEQwMbL9UfOg" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">Душкин объяснит</a>», директор по науке и технологиям <a href="https://aiagency.ru" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">Агентства искусственного интеллекта</a>, технологический евангелист. Ведёт <a href="http://t.me/drv_official" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">Telegram-канал</a>.</p></div></div></div></div><hr class="stk-reset stk-theme_26309__separator_divider-1551375397566"/></div></div><div class="stk-grid" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><h4 class="stk-theme_26309__style_small_header stk-theme_26309__mb_05 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset">Содержание выпуска</strong></h4><ul class="stk-theme_26309__pad_hor_1 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="list"><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Что такое парадигмы программирования и для чего они нужны.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Какие парадигмы программирования существуют.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Верхнеуровневая классификация парадигм программирования.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Императивная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Процедурная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Структурная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Аспектно-ориентированная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Объектно-ориентированная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы. </li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Обобщённое программирование: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, почему может считаться отдельной от императивной парадигмы.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Декларативная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Функциональная парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, как связана с декларативной. За что её критикуют.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Логическая парадигма: что такое, для каких задач подходит, сильные и слабые стороны, чем характеризуется, какие языки её наиболее ярко выражают, как связана с декларативной.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Что такое метапрограммирование.</li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Делаются ли попытки сконструировать «неимперативные» микропроцессоры или компьютеры.</li></ul><h4 class="stk-theme_26309__style_small_header stk-theme_26309__mb_05 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset">Полезные ссылки</strong></h4><ul class="stk-theme_26309__pad_hor_1 stk-reset" data-ce-tag="list"><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">YouTube-канал «Душкин объяснит» <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCNU3ns7Y2IFEQwMbL9UfOg" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCNU3ns7Y2IFEQwMbL9UfOg</a> </li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Telegram-канал «Душкин объяснит» <a href="http://t.me/drv_official" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">http://t.me/drv_official</a> </li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Видео Романа Душкина о теории автоматов <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyTQkLPfOSQ" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyTQkLPfOSQ</a> </li><li class="stk-reset stk-list-item" data-ce-tag="list-item">Видео Романа Душкина о полиморфизме <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOBIVx_kemw" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOBIVx_kemw</a> </li></ul><figure class="stk-reset stk-embed_rendered" data-ce-tag="embed"><code class="stk-code"><iframe frameborder="0" style="border:none;width:100%;height:180px;" width="100%" height="180" src="https://music.yandex.ru/iframe/#track/107364207/20602720">Слушайте <a href='https://music.yandex.ru/album/20602720/track/107364207'>Парадигмы программирования: императивная, декларативная, ООП, функциональная и другие</a> на Яндекс Музыке</iframe></code></figure><div class="stk-theme_26309__mb_15 stk-grid" data-stk-css="stkRgXQh" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="12" class="stk-theme_26309__pad_round_1 stk-grid-col stk-grid-col_last" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><p class="stk-theme_26309__style_small_text stk-reset" data-ce-tag="paragraph">Предложить тему, стать гостем подкаста, похвалить или поругать выпуск: <a href="mailto:code.media@skillbox.ru" target="_blank" class="stk-reset">code.media@skillbox.ru</a></p></div></div><h3 class="stk-theme_26309__style_medium_header stk-reset stk-theme_26309__mb_05" data-ce-tag="paragraph"><strong class="stk-reset">Слушать выпуск</strong></h3><div class="stk-theme_26309__mb_15 stk-grid" data-ce-tag="grid"><div data-col-width="6" class="stk-grid-col" data-stk-css="" data-stk-css-m="" data-ce-tag="grid-col"><ul 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