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<link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTIzNTMsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--f1948fb0c5a45a6d76671a1a32b8cf6f0b53ee57/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Software%20code%20testing-cuate.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MTIzNTAsInB1ciI6ImJsb2JfaWQifX0=--4c31372fe7c51ddbc0ef0d54fe47eaba88a2b04b/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Programmer-rafiki.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/vite/assets/development-BVihs_d5.png"/><script async="" src="https://cpwebassets.codepen.io/assets/embed/ei.js"></script><div id="app" data-page="{"component":"web/courses/lessons/theory_unit","props":{"errors":{},"locale":"en","language":"en","httpsHost":"https://hexlet.io","host":"hexlet.io","colorScheme":"light","auth":{"user":{"id":null,"last_viewed_notification_id":null,"email":null,"state":null,"first_name":"","last_name":"","current_program":null,"current_team":null,"full_name":"","guest":true,"can_use_paid_features":false,"is_hexlet_employee":false,"sanitized_phone_number":"","can_subscribe":true,"can_renew_education":false}},"cloudflareTurnstileSiteKey":"0x4AAAAAAA15KmeFXzd2H0Xo","vkIdClientId":"51586979","yandexIdClientId":null,"formAuthToken":"n5vVtdfBW_QNfjyzVk8onqRlLnhY7Qvt0x17y1p1sBzMXbiD9qpgFGp0w1vk0R9fqM-gI5TzEeFxmLHYF6lvxw","topics":[],"lesson":{"exercise":null,"units":[{"id":7943,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/js-redux-toolkit/lessons/integration/theory_unit"}],"links":[{"id":422522,"name":"Redux DevTools","url":"https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-devtools"}],"ordered_units":[{"id":7943,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/js-redux-toolkit/lessons/integration/theory_unit"}],"id":3573,"slug":"integration","state":"approved","name":"Connecting Redux Toolkit to React","course_order":200,"goal":"Creating your first Redux Toolkit app","self_study":"1. Create a repository to experiment with the code from the lesson\n2. Repeat the steps from the lesson locally inside this repository\n3. Commit changes to the repository\n","theory_video_provider":null,"theory_video_uid":null,"theory":"In this lesson, we'll build a simple application with two buttons that change the counter value. It will allow you to see the basic concepts of the Redux Toolkit.\n\nLet us try to integrate it. We need two packages — *react-redux* and the toolkit itself:\n\n```bash\n# Run it at the root of the project\nnpm install @reduxjs/toolkit react-redux\n```\n\nBefore we start putting the puzzle together, let's look at the directory structure that we'll start from. This structure is the simplest, but not the only possible one:\n\n```bash\ncomponents/\n | App.jsx\nslices/\n | index.js\n | counterSlice.js\nindex.jsx\n```\n\nLet's start at the top level. Here we need the `<Provider>` component, which contains the repository and sneaks it deep into the component tree via the context:\n\n```javascript\n// file: index.jsx\n\nimport React from 'react';\nimport ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';\nimport { Provider } from 'react-redux';\n\nimport App from './components/App.jsx';\nimport store from './slices/index.js';\n\nconst mountNode = document.getElementById('container');\nconst root = ReactDOM.createRoot(mountNode);\n// We wrap the application in the `Provider` and pass the repository into it\nroot.render(\n <Provider store={store}>\n <App />\n </Provider>,\n);\n```\n\nWe initialize the repository using the `configureStore()` function. It knows how to combine reducers independently, unlike in Redux. As input, it takes an object with the `reducer` key, the value of which is an object with reducers:\n\n```javascript\n// file: slices/index.js\n\nimport { configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit';\nimport counterReducer from '../slices/counterSlice.js';\n\nexport default configureStore({\n reducer: {\n // The `counter` is the name inside the `state.counter` object\n counter: counterReducer,\n },\n});\n```\n\nThe reducers themselves are in the *slices* directory. Toolkit introduces a new concept — a *slice* which combines Reducers, Actions, and more. We'll talk more about it in the next lesson, but now we will see the code example:\n\n```javascript\n// file: slices/counterSlice.js\n\nimport { createSlice } from '@reduxjs/toolkit';\n\n// Initial value\nconst initialState = {\n value: 0,\n};\n\nconst counterSlice = createSlice({\n name: 'counter',\n initialState,\n // Reducers in slices mutate the state and return nothing to the outside\n reducers: {\n increment: (state) => {\n state.value += 1;\n },\n decrement: (state) => {\n state.value -= 1;\n },\n // An example with some data\n incrementByAmount: (state, action) => {\n state.value += action.payload;\n },\n },\n});\n\n// The slice generates actions that export separately\n// Actions are generated automatically from reducer key names\nexport const { increment, decrement, incrementByAmount } = counterSlice.actions;\n\n// By default, the reducer generated by the slice is exported\nexport default counterSlice.reducer;\n```\n\nNow the most important thing, let's look at the Toolkit in action. Here we rely on hooks. As before, to change the state in the repository, we must pass an action to the `dispatch()` function. We use the `useDispatch()` function to get the dispatch:\n\n```javascript\n// file: components/App.jsx\n\nimport React from 'react';\n// The hooks are in `react-redux`\nimport { useSelector, useDispatch } from 'react-redux';\n// Importing the desired actions\nimport { decrement, increment } from '../slices/counterSlice.js';\n\nexport default () => {\n // Pulling data from the `store.state` (meaning the whole state)\n const count = useSelector((state) => state.counter.value);\n // The code returns the `store.dispatch()` method of the current store\n const dispatch = useDispatch();\n\n return (\n <div>\n <div>\n <button\n aria-label=\"Increment value\"\n onClick={() => dispatch(increment())}\n >\n Add\n </button>\n <span>{count}</span>\n <button\n aria-label=\"Decrement value\"\n onClick={() => dispatch(decrement())}\n >\n Take away\n </button>\n </div>\n </div>\n );\n};\n```\n\nAnd here's a real-life example:\n\n<p class=\"codepen\" data-height=\"300\" data-default-tab=\"js,result\" data-slug-hash=\"bGodExN\" data-user=\"hexlet\" style=\"height: 300px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border: 2px solid; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em;\">\n <span>See the Pen <a href=\"https://codepen.io/hexlet/pen/bGodExN\">\n js_redux_toolkit_integration-1</a> by Hexlet (<a href=\"https://codepen.io/hexlet\">@hexlet</a>)\n on <a href=\"https://codepen.io\">CodePen</a>.</span>\n</p>\n<script async src=\"https://cpwebassets.codepen.io/assets/embed/ei.js\"></script>\n\nYou do some of this initialization once and then seldom change it because you will add the majority of application code in components and slides. Unlike pure Redux, there will be much less of this code, thanks to slices and the ability to mutate data within reducers. More on this we are going to discuss in the next lesson.\n"},"lessonMember":null,"courseMember":null,"course":{"start_lesson":{"exercise":null,"units":[{"id":7942,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/js-redux-toolkit/lessons/intro/theory_unit"}],"links":[],"ordered_units":[{"id":7942,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/js-redux-toolkit/lessons/intro/theory_unit"}],"id":3572,"slug":"intro","state":"approved","name":"Introduction","course_order":100,"goal":"Getting familiar with the course and preparing the environment","self_study":null,"theory_video_provider":null,"theory_video_uid":null,"theory":"The developers of Redux decided to make it as compact and flexible as possible in terms of expansion. Redux has a rich ecosystem with many add-ons for all occasions. But everything has its price, Redux itself does not connect with React in any way, and if you want it to be easy to integrate, you need to learn another library called **Redux Toolkit**.\n\nRedux Toolkit not only glues everything together but even changes our workflow beyond recognition. It introduces many useful abstractions and includes commonly used middleware such as **batteries**. The overall idea of the library is to make storage, extraction, and use of data as convenient as possible by removing the boilerplate code, a typical feature for applications on Redux.\n\nRedux Toolkit introduces many new concepts that are hard to consider in isolation without seeing the whole picture. So first, we'll look at an example with everything in one place without diving in, and then, in the following lessons, we'll take apart each element piece by piece.\n\n## Classes, Functions, Hooks, Redux, Toolkit\n\nAll this begs the question, why? First, we study React in classes. Later we find out that there are functional components, so we encourage to use hooks. Then, Redux is attached to this side. Finally, we replace it with a set of tools, and it is the final point in this journey. React evolved like this, first one thing, then another, then another, and now we have the Redux Toolkit.\n\nYou should know all steps because the toolkit has Redux under the hood, and we learn it. But classes will remain forever because hooks do not replace them. In the end, what we have is what we have.\n\n## Preparation\n\nThis course is about Redux Toolkit. How Redux works is explained in [another](https://hexlet.io/courses/js-redux) course.\n"},"id":339,"slug":"js-redux-toolkit","challenges_count":0,"name":"React: Redux Toolkit","allow_indexing":true,"state":"approved","course_state":"finished","pricing_type":"paid","description":"Redux Toolkit is the React team's official library for connecting to Redux. 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stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-lock "><path d="M5 13a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h10a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-10a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2v-6"></path><path d="M11 16a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 0 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M8 11v-4a4 4 0 1 1 8 0v4"></path></svg></div><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">React: Redux Toolkit</p></div><h1 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h1-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h1-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h1-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="1">Theory: Connecting Redux Toolkit to React</h1><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"LearningResource","name":"Connecting Redux Toolkit to React","inLanguage":"en","isPartOf":{"@type":"LearningResource","name":"React: Redux 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0"></path></svg></div><div class="m_667c2793 mantine-Alert-body"><div class="m_6a03f287 mantine-Alert-title"><span id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title" class="m_698f4f23 mantine-Alert-label">Full access to materials</span></div><div id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" class="m_7fa78076 mantine-Alert-message"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Sign up and get access to this and dozens of other courses</p><a style="--button-height:var(--button-height-xs);--button-padding-x:var(--button-padding-x-xs);--button-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-xs);--button-bg:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-hover:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-color:var(--mantine-color-white);--button-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_77c9d27d mantine-Button-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="gradient" data-size="xs" href="/u/new"><span class="m_80f1301b mantine-Button-inner"><span class="m_811560b9 mantine-Button-label">Sign up</span></span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="paywalled m_d08caa0 mantine-Typography-root"><p>In this lesson, we'll build a simple application with two buttons that change the counter value. It will allow you to see the basic concepts of the Redux Toolkit.</p>
<p>Let us try to integrate it. We need two packages — <em>react-redux</em> and the toolkit itself:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code"># Run it at the root of the project
npm install @reduxjs/toolkit react-redux</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>Before we start putting the puzzle together, let's look at the directory structure that we'll start from. This structure is the simplest, but not the only possible one:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">components/
| App.jsx
slices/
| index.js
| counterSlice.js
index.jsx</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>Let's start at the top level. Here we need the <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight"><Provider></code> component, which contains the repository and sneaks it deep into the component tree via the context:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">// file: index.jsx
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';
import { Provider } from 'react-redux';
import App from './components/App.jsx';
import store from './slices/index.js';
const mountNode = document.getElementById('container');
const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(mountNode);
// We wrap the application in the `Provider` and pass the repository into it
root.render(
<Provider store={store}>
<App />
</Provider>,
);</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>We initialize the repository using the <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">configureStore()</code> function. It knows how to combine reducers independently, unlike in Redux. As input, it takes an object with the <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">reducer</code> key, the value of which is an object with reducers:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">// file: slices/index.js
import { configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit';
import counterReducer from '../slices/counterSlice.js';
export default configureStore({
reducer: {
// The `counter` is the name inside the `state.counter` object
counter: counterReducer,
},
});</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>The reducers themselves are in the <em>slices</em> directory. Toolkit introduces a new concept — a <em>slice</em> which combines Reducers, Actions, and more. We'll talk more about it in the next lesson, but now we will see the code example:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">// file: slices/counterSlice.js
import { createSlice } from '@reduxjs/toolkit';
// Initial value
const initialState = {
value: 0,
};
const counterSlice = createSlice({
name: 'counter',
initialState,
// Reducers in slices mutate the state and return nothing to the outside
reducers: {
increment: (state) => {
state.value += 1;
},
decrement: (state) => {
state.value -= 1;
},
// An example with some data
incrementByAmount: (state, action) => {
state.value += action.payload;
},
},
});
// The slice generates actions that export separately
// Actions are generated automatically from reducer key names
export const { increment, decrement, incrementByAmount } = counterSlice.actions;
// By default, the reducer generated by the slice is exported
export default counterSlice.reducer;</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>Now the most important thing, let's look at the Toolkit in action. Here we rely on hooks. As before, to change the state in the repository, we must pass an action to the <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">dispatch()</code> function. We use the <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">useDispatch()</code> function to get the dispatch:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">// file: components/App.jsx
import React from 'react';
// The hooks are in `react-redux`
import { useSelector, useDispatch } from 'react-redux';
// Importing the desired actions
import { decrement, increment } from '../slices/counterSlice.js';
export default () => {
// Pulling data from the `store.state` (meaning the whole state)
const count = useSelector((state) => state.counter.value);
// The code returns the `store.dispatch()` method of the current store
const dispatch = useDispatch();
return (
<div>
<div>
<button
aria-label="Increment value"
onClick={() => dispatch(increment())}
>
Add
</button>
<span>{count}</span>
<button
aria-label="Decrement value"
onClick={() => dispatch(decrement())}
>
Take away
</button>
</div>
</div>
);
};</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>And here's a real-life example:</p>
<p class="codepen" data-height="300" data-default-tab="js,result" data-slug-hash="bGodExN" data-user="hexlet" style="height:300px;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;border:2px solid;margin:1em 0;padding:1em">
<span>See the Pen <a style="text-decoration:underline" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="https://codepen.io/hexlet/pen/bGodExN">
js_redux_toolkit_integration-1</a> by Hexlet (<a style="text-decoration:underline" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="https://codepen.io/hexlet">@hexlet</a>)
on <a style="text-decoration:underline" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="https://codepen.io">CodePen</a>.</span>
</p>
<!-- -->
<p>You do some of this initialization once and then seldom change it because you will add the majority of application code in components and slides. Unlike pure Redux, there will be much less of this code, thanks to slices and the ability to mutate data within reducers. More on this we are going to discuss in the next lesson.</p></div><div style="margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class=""><h2 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h2-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h2-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h2-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-md)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="2">Recommended programs</h2><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_2mremqrdub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);--carousel-slide-size:70%;}@media(min-width: 36em){.__m__-_R_2mremqrdub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);--carousel-slide-size:50%;}}</style><div style="--carousel-control-size:calc(2.5rem * var(--mantine-scale));--carousel-controls-offset:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);padding-block:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);background:var(--app-color-surface)" class="m_17884d0f mantine-Carousel-root responsiveClassName" data-orientation="horizontal" 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mantine-UnstyledButton-root" type="button" data-inactive="true" data-type="next" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="transform:rotate(-90deg);width:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));height:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));display:block"><path d="M3.13523 6.15803C3.3241 5.95657 3.64052 5.94637 3.84197 6.13523L7.5 9.56464L11.158 6.13523C11.3595 5.94637 11.6759 5.95657 11.8648 6.15803C12.0536 6.35949 12.0434 6.67591 11.842 6.86477L7.84197 10.6148C7.64964 10.7951 7.35036 10.7951 7.15803 10.6148L3.15803 6.86477C2.95657 6.67591 2.94637 6.35949 3.13523 6.15803Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></div><div class="m_a2dae653 mantine-Carousel-viewport" data-type="media"><div class="m_fcd81474 mantine-Carousel-container __m__-_R_2mremqrdub_" data-orientation="horizontal"><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" 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