Alat gerak pada manusia ada dua macam, yaitu alat gerak pasif dan aktif. Kali ini, kita akan fokus membahas tulang sebagai alat gerak pasif. Yuk, baca artikelnya sampai selesai!
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Halo teman-teman, apa kabar? Bagaimana hari ini? Apakah sudah diawali dengan hal-hal yang menyenangkan? Atau malah ada yang masih mager? Wah, jangan mager dong! Kita harus selalu semangat untuk bisa mencapai cita-cita. Kita mulai bergerak supaya makin semangat, yuk!
Tahukah kamu, alat gerak manusia terdiri dari alat gerak aktif dan pasif. Alat gerak aktif pada manusia adalah otot, sedangkan alat gerak pasif pada manusia adalah tulang. Nah, pada artikel ini, kita akan fokus membahas alat gerak pasif pada manusia, yaitu tulang.
Bahasan tulang ini, sebenarnya sudah kamu pelajari sebelumnya di SMP, ya. Ada yang masih ingat, berapa banyak tulang yang menyusun rangka tubuh kita? Hehehe, bagi yang lupa, baca sampai habis yuk untuk menemukan jawabannya!
Tulang disebut sebagai alat gerak pasif karena digerakkan oleh otot. Sementara itu, otot disebut sebagai alat gerak aktif. Kamu sudah tau apa baru tau, hayoo?
Baca juga: Macam-Macam Kelenjar Endokrin dan Hormon yang Dihasilkan
Fungsi Tulang
Selain sebagai alat gerak pasif, tulang juga berfungsi sebagai tempat perlekatan otot, tempat penyimpanan mineral, memfasilitasi pergerakan tubuh, tempat pembentukan sel darah, tempat produksi sel imun, dan tempat penyimpanan energi tubuh.
Tulang-tulang manusia membentuk satu kesatuan susunan yang disebut dengan rangka. Rangka sendiri berfungsi sebagai pelindung organ vital, pemberi bentuk dan postur tubuh, serta sebagai penopang tubuh.
Tulang memiliki bentuk yang bermacam-macam, lho! Yuk, kita bahas satu per satu!
Baca juga: Benarkah Lidah Punya Area Tertentu untuk Mengecap Rasa?
Macam-Macam Tulang Berdasarkan Bentuknya
Berdasarkan bentuknya, tulang dibagi menjadi 5 macam, yaitu tulang pipa, tulang pipih, tulang pendek, tulang tidak beraturan, dan tulang sesamoid.
1. Tulang Pipa
Tulang pipa memiliki bentuk silindris memanjang dan berbonggol di kedua ujungnya. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada anggota gerak, yaitu tangan dan kaki. Tulang pipa berfungsi untuk memfasilitasi pergerakan dengan bekerja seperti tuas. Contoh tulang pipa antara lain tulang lengan atas dan tulang paha.
2. Tulang Pipih
Seperti namanya, tulang pipih memiliki bentuk yang pipih dan sedikit melengkung. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada kepala, dada, serta pinggul. Tulang pipih berfungsi untuk melindungi organ vital dan meningkatkan area perlekatan otot. Contoh tulang pipih antara lain tulang penyusun tengkorak dan tulang belikat.
3. Tulang Pendek
Tulang pendek memiliki bentuk seperti kubus (panjang, lebar, dan tingginya hampir sama). Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada pergelangan tangan dan pergelangan kaki. Tulang pendek berfungsi untuk memberi kekuatan pada area yang memiliki pergerakan terbatas. Contoh tulang pendek yaitu tulang pada pergelangan tangan dan pergelangan kaki.
4. Tulang Tidak Beraturan
Tulang tidak beraturan memiliki bentuk kompleks dan tidak beraturan. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada wajah dan ruas tulang belakang. Tulang tidak beraturan berfungsi untuk memberi bentuk wajah, menopang tubuh, dan melindungi sumsum tulang belakang. Contoh tulang tidak beraturan adalah tulang-tulang pada ruas tulang belakang.
5. Tulang Sesamoid
Terakhir yaitu tulang sesamoid. Tulang sesamoid memiliki bentuk seperti biji wijen. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada lutut, telapak tangan, dan telapak kaki. Tulang sesamoid berfungsi untuk melindungi tendon dari gesekan dan tekanan. Contoh tulang sesamoid adalah tulang tempurung lutut.
Macam-Macam Tulang Berdasarkan Sel Penyusunnya
Berdasarkan sel penyusunnya, tulang dibedakan menjadi tulang rawan dan tulang keras. Kita bahas satu per satu, ya!
1. Tulang Rawan
Tulang rawan disusun oleh sel kondrosit dan memiliki 3 jenis, yaitu tulang rawan hialin, tulang rawan elastin, dan tulang rawan fibrosa.
a. Tulang Rawan Hialin
Tulang rawan hialin disusun oleh serabut kolagen yang jumlahnya lebih banyak daripada serabut elastin. Matriks tulang ini berwarna putih kebiruan. Tulang rawan hialin banyak terdapat pada persendian.
b. Tulang Rawan Elastin
Tulang rawan elastin memiliki warna matriks kekuningan dan disusun oleh serabut elastin yang jumlahnya lebih banyak dibanding serabut kolagen. Contoh tulang rawan elastin adalah tulang pada daun telinga, epiglotis, dan trakea.
c. Tulang Rawan Fibrosa
Tulang rawan fibrosa hanya disusun oleh serabut kolagen dan warna matriksnya keruh dan gelap. Contoh tulang rawan fibrosa adalah tulang-tulang pada ruas tulang belakang.
2. Tulang Keras
Tulang keras disusun oleh osteosit. Tulang keras dibedakan menjadi tulang kompak dan tulang spons. Oh iya, tulang kompak dan tulang spons ini tidak bisa dipisahkan, ya! Hal ini dikarenakan dalam sebuah tulang, pasti ada tulang kompak dan tulang spons yang menyusun tulang tersebut.
a. Tulang Kompak
Tulang kompak tersusun atas osteon (sistem Havers) yang di dalamnya mengandung osteosit. Tulang kompak berfungsi untuk menahan tekanan dan memberi kekuatan mekanik.
b. Tulang Spons
Tulang spons tersusun atas trabekula yang mengandung osteosit. Tulang spons berfungsi untuk meningkatkan fleksibilitas dan membantu kekuatan mekanik tulang.
Baca juga: Macam-Macam Organel Sel beserta Fungsinya
Sekarang, coba kerjakan kuis di bawah ini, ya!
Nah, itu tadi penjelasan tentang alat gerak pasif pada manusia, yaitu tulang. Kalo ditotal-total, kurang lebih ada 206 tulang yang menyusun kerangka tubuh manusia. Wah, banyak juga, ya! Selain itu, kita juga bisa bergerak karena adanya kerjasama antara tulang dan otot. Jadi, mulai sekarang, yuk terus bergerak supaya menjadi lebih sehat dan semangat! Kalau mau lebih semangat belajar, kamu bisa belajar pakai ruangbelajar. Yuk, donwload sekarang!
Referensi:
Irnaningtyas, Istiadi Y. (2016). Biologi untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI Kurikulum 2013 yang Disempurnakan Edisi Revisi. Erlangga: Jakarta.
Artikel ini telah diperbarui pada 13 Oktober 2021.
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<h1 class="content-title">
Macam-Macam Tulang pada Manusia dan Fungsinya | Biologi Kelas 11 </h1>
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<p class="content-author"><a href="https://www.ruangguru.com/blog/author/kenya-swawikanti" class="">Kenya Swawikanti</a> </p>
<p class="content-info"><span>July 13, 2022 • </span> <span>5 minutes read</span></p>
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<p><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn-web.ruangguru.com/landing-pages/assets/hs/Tulang%20sebagai%20Alat%20Gerak%20Pasif%20pada%20Manusia.jpg" alt="macam-macam tulang dan fungsinya" width="820" loading="lazy" style="width: 820px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block;"></p>
<blockquote>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px;"><em>Alat gerak pada manusia ada dua macam, yaitu alat gerak pasif dan aktif. Kali ini, kita akan fokus membahas tulang sebagai alat gerak pasif. Yuk, baca artikelnya sampai selesai!</em></p>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px;"><em>—</em></p>
</blockquote>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span id="more-2587"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Halo teman-teman, apa kabar? Bagaimana hari ini? Apakah sudah diawali dengan hal-hal yang menyenangkan? Atau malah ada yang masih <em>mager</em>? Wah, jangan <em>mager</em> dong! Kita harus selalu semangat untuk bisa mencapai cita-cita. Kita mulai bergerak supaya makin semangat, yuk!</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Tahukah kamu, alat gerak manusia terdiri dari <span style="font-weight: bold;">alat gerak aktif dan pasif</span>. <span style="font-weight: bold;">A</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 1rem; text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">lat gerak aktif</span> pada manusia adalah <a href="/blog/otot" rel="noopener"><span style="font-weight: bold;">otot</span></a>, sedangkan <span style="font-weight: bold;">alat gerak pasif</span> pada manusia adalah <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang</span>. Nah, pada artikel ini, kita akan fokus membahas alat gerak pasif pada manusia, yaitu tulang.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><a href="/blog/tulang-penyusun-rangka-tubuh-manusia" rel="noopener" style="font-weight: bold;">Bahasan tulang ini</a>, sebenarnya sudah kamu pelajari sebelumnya di SMP, ya. Ada yang masih ingat, berapa banyak tulang yang menyusun rangka tubuh kita? Hehehe, bagi yang lupa, baca sampai habis yuk untuk menemukan jawabannya!</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Tulang disebut sebagai alat gerak pasif karena digerakkan oleh otot. Sementara itu, otot disebut sebagai alat gerak aktif. Kamu sudah tau apa baru tau, <em>hayoo</em>?</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span><span style="color: #000000;"><strong>Baca juga: <a href="/blog/sistem-endokrin" rel="noopener">Macam-Macam Kelenjar Endokrin dan Hormon yang Dihasilkan</a></strong></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h2 style="font-size: 20px;">Fungsi Tulang</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 1rem;">Selain sebagai alat gerak pasif, </span><span style="background-color: transparent;">tulang juga berfungsi sebagai tempat perlekatan otot, tempat penyimpanan mineral, memfasilitasi pergerakan tubuh, tempat pembentukan sel darah, tempat produksi sel imun, dan tempat penyimpanan energi tubuh.</span><span style="background-color: transparent;"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn-web.ruangguru.com/landing-pages/assets/hs/Fungsi%20Tulang.jpg" alt="Fungsi Tulang" width="600" loading="lazy" style="width: 600px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block;"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Tulang-tulang manusia membentuk satu kesatuan susunan yang disebut dengan <span style="font-weight: bold;">rangka</span>. Rangka sendiri berfungsi sebagai pelindung organ vital, pemberi bentuk dan postur tubuh, serta sebagai penopang tubuh. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span>Tulang memiliki bentuk yang bermacam-macam, lho! Yuk, kita bahas satu per satu!</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Baca juga: </span><a href="/blog/peta-lidah" rel="noopener">Benarkah Lidah Punya Area Tertentu untuk Mengecap Rasa?</a></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h2 style="font-size: 20px;">Macam-Macam Tulang Berdasarkan Bentuknya</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span>Berdasarkan bentuknya, tulang </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span>dibagi menjadi 5 macam, yaitu <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang pipa, tulang pipih, tulang pendek, tulang tidak beraturan, dan tulang sesamoid</span>.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: transparent;"><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn-web.ruangguru.com/landing-pages/assets/hs/Macam-Macam%20Bentuk%20Tulang.jpg" alt="Macam-Macam Tulang berdasarkan Bentuk" width="600" loading="lazy" style="width: 600px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block;"><span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<h3>1. Tulang Pipa</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span><span style="font-weight: normal;">Tulang pipa</span> memiliki <span style="font-weight: bold;">bentuk silindris memanjang</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">dan berbonggol di kedua ujungnya</span>. Tulang ini</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span><span style="background-color: transparent;">dapat ditemukan pada anggota gerak, yaitu tangan dan kaki. </span><span style="background-color: transparent;">Tulang pipa berfungsi untuk <span style="font-weight: normal;">memfasilitasi pergerakan dengan bekerja seperti tuas</span>. </span><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span>Contoh tulang pipa antara lain <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang lengan atas</span> dan <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang paha</span>.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h3>2. Tulang Pipih</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Seperti namanya, t<span style="font-weight: normal;">ulang pipih memiliki </span><span style="font-weight: bold;">bentuk yang pipih dan sedikit melengkung</span>. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada kepala, dada, serta pinggul. </span><span style="background-color: transparent;">Tulang pipih berfungsi untuk melindungi organ vital dan meningkatkan area perlekatan otot. </span><span style="background-color: transparent;">Contoh tulang pipih antara lain <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang penyusun tengkorak</span> dan <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang belikat</span>.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h3>3. Tulang Pendek</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span><span style="font-weight: normal;">Tulang pendek memiliki <span style="font-weight: bold;">bentuk seperti</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">kubus (panjang, lebar, dan tingginya hampir sama)</span>. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada pergelangan tangan dan pergelangan kaki. Tulang pendek berfungsi untuk memberi kekuatan pada area yang memiliki pergerakan terbatas. </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span>Contoh tulang pendek yaitu <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang pada pergelangan tangan dan pergelangan kaki</span>.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h3>4. Tulang Tidak Beraturan</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000;">Tulang tidak beraturan memiliki <span style="font-weight: bold;">bentuk kompleks dan tidak beraturan</span>. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada wajah dan ruas tulang belakang. Tulang tidak beraturan berfungsi untuk memberi bentuk wajah, menopang tubuh, dan melindungi sumsum tulang belakang. Contoh tulang tidak beraturan adalah <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang-tulang pada ruas tulang belakang</span>.</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000;"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h3>5. Tulang Sesamoid</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000;">Terakhir yaitu tulang sesamoid. Tulang sesamoid memiliki <span style="font-weight: bold;">bentuk seperti biji wijen</span>. Tulang ini dapat ditemukan pada lutut, telapak tangan, dan telapak kaki. Tulang sesamoid berfungsi untuk melindungi tendon dari gesekan dan tekanan. Contoh tulang sesamoid adalah <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang tempurung lutut</span>.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h2 style="font-size: 20px;">Macam-Macam Tulang Berdasarkan Sel Penyusunnya</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Berdasarkan sel penyusunnya, tulang dibedakan menjadi <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang rawan</span> dan <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang keras</span>. Kita bahas satu per satu, ya!</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h3>1. Tulang Rawan</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Tulang rawan disusun oleh sel kondrosit dan memiliki 3 jenis, yaitu <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang rawan hialin, tulang rawan elastin, </span><span style="font-weight: normal;">dan </span><span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang rawan fibrosa</span>.</span></p>
<h4>a. Tulang Rawan Hialin</h4>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Tulang rawan hialin</span> disusun oleh <span style="font-weight: bold;">serabut kolagen yang jumlahnya lebih banyak daripada serabut elastin</span>. Matriks tulang ini berwarna <span style="font-weight: bold;">putih kebiruan</span>. Tulang rawan hialin banyak terdapat pada persendian.</span></p>
<h4>b. Tulang Rawan Elastin</h4>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Tulang rawan elastin</span> memiliki warna matriks <span style="font-weight: bold;">kekuningan</span> dan disusun oleh <span style="font-weight: bold;">serabut elastin</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">yang jumlahnya lebih banyak dibanding serabut kolagen</span>. Contoh tulang rawan elastin adalah tulang pada daun telinga, epiglotis, dan trakea. </span></p>
<h4>c. Tulang Rawan Fibrosa</h4>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">T<span style="font-weight: normal;">ulang rawan fibrosa <span style="font-weight: bold;">hanya</span> disusun oleh <span style="font-weight: bold;">serabut kolagen</span> dan warna matriksnya <span style="font-weight: bold;">keruh dan gelap</span>. </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent;">Contoh tulang rawan fibrosa adalah tulang-tulang pada ruas tulang belakang. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<h3>2. Tulang Keras</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Tulang keras disusun oleh osteosit. Tulang keras dibedakan menjadi <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang kompak</span> dan <span style="font-weight: bold;">tulang spons</span>. Oh iya, tulang kompak dan tulang spons ini tidak bisa dipisahkan, ya! Hal ini dikarenakan dalam sebuah tulang, pasti ada tulang kompak dan tulang spons yang menyusun tulang tersebut. </p>
<h4>a. Tulang Kompak</h4>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Tulang kompak tersusun atas <span style="font-weight: bold;">osteon (sistem Havers)</span> yang di dalamnya mengandung <span style="font-weight: normal;">osteosit</span>. Tulang kompak berfungsi untuk menahan tekanan dan memberi kekuatan mekanik.</p>
<h4>b. Tulang Spons</h4>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Tulang spons tersusun atas <span style="font-weight: bold;">trabekula</span> yang mengandung osteosit. Tulang spons berfungsi untuk meningkatkan fleksibilitas dan membantu kekuatan mekanik tulang.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;">Baca juga: <a href="/blog/organel-sel-dan-fungsinya" rel="noopener">Macam-Macam Organel Sel beserta Fungsinya</a></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Sekarang, coba kerjakan kuis di bawah ini, ya!</span></p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Nah, itu tadi penjelasan tentang alat gerak pasif pada manusia, yaitu tulang. Kalo ditotal-total, kurang lebih ada 206 tulang yang menyusun kerangka tubuh manusia. Wah, banyak juga, ya! Selain itu, kita juga bisa bergerak karena adanya kerjasama antara tulang dan otot. Jadi, mulai sekarang, yuk terus bergerak supaya menjadi lebih sehat dan semangat! Kalau mau lebih semangat belajar, kamu bisa belajar pakai <a href="https://ruangguru.onelink.me/blPk/eaff0eb9" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: bold;">ruangbelajar</span></a>. Yuk, <em>donwload</em> sekarang!</span></p>
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<p><strong>Referensi:</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Irnaningtyas, Istiadi Y. (2016). <em>Biologi untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI Kurikulum 2013 yang Disempurnakan Edisi Revisi</em>. Erlangga: Jakarta.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>Artikel ini telah diperbarui pada 13 Oktober 2021.</strong></em></p>
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<div class="d-lg-none text-center">
<nav class="footer-menu social">
<p class="title">Ikuti Kami</p>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/ruangguru/">
<picture>
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/instagram.png?height=60&convert=webp" type="image/webp">
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/instagram.png?height=60" type="image/png">
<img src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/instagram.png" loading="lazy" alt="Logo Instagram Footer" width="32px" height="32px" />
</picture>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/ruanggurucom/">
<picture>
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/facebook.png?height=60&convert=webp" type="image/webp">
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/facebook.png?height=60" type="image/png">
<img src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/facebook.png" loading="lazy" alt="Logo Facebook Footer" width="32px" height="32px" />
</picture>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/ruangguru/">
<picture>
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/twitter.png?height=60&convert=webp" type="image/webp">
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/twitter.png?height=60" type="image/png">
<img src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/twitter.png" loading=" lazy" alt="Logo Twitter Footer" width="32px" height="32px" />
</picture>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/ruangguru">
<picture>
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/youtube.png?height=60&convert=webp" type="image/webp">
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<img src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/youtube.png" loading=" lazy" alt="Logo Youtube Footer" width="32px" height="32px" />
</picture>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ruangguru-com">
<picture>
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/linkedin.png?height=60&convert=webp" type="image/webp">
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/linkedin.png?height=60" type="image/png">
<img src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/linkedin.png" loading=" lazy" alt="Logo LinkedIn Footer" width="32px" height="32px" />
</picture>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@ruangguru">
<picture>
<source srcset="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/tiktok.png?height=60&convert=webp" type="image/webp">
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<img src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/static/tiktok.png" loading=" lazy" alt="Logo TikTok Footer" width="32px" height="32px" />
</picture>
</a>
</nav>
</div>
<p class="footer-copyright">
© 2026 All Rights Reserved PT. Ruang Raya Indonesia
</p>
</div>
<style>
.bantuan-container {
position: relative;
}
.bantuan-element {
position: fixed;
z-index: 999;
display: flex;
align-items: flex-end;
justify-content: flex-end;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.6s ease;
}
.bantuan-top {
bottom: 11rem;
right: 2rem;
}
.bantuan-bottom {
bottom: 2rem;
right: 2rem;
}
.bantuan-top-2 {
bottom: 15rem;
right: 2rem;
}
.bantuan-top-3 {
bottom: 19rem;
right: 2rem;
}
.bantuan-bottom-2 {
bottom: 5rem;
right: 2rem;
}
.bantuan-bottom-3 {
bottom: 8rem;
right: 2rem;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.bantuan-element img {
width: auto;
transition: all 0.4s ease;
}
.bantuan-top img {
width: 140px;
}
.bantuan-bottom img {
width: 140px;
}
.bantuan-top-2 img,
.bantuan-top-3 img {
width: 140px;
}
.bantuan-bottom-2 img,
.bantuan-bottom-3 img {
width: 140px;
}
.bantuan-element.clicked {
bottom: 9rem;
right: 2.5rem;
}
.bantuan-element.clicked img {
width: auto;
height: 64px;
}
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
.bantuan-top {
bottom: 8rem;
right: 1rem;
align-items: center;
}
.bantuan-bottom {
bottom: 2rem;
right: 1.25rem;
align-items: center;
}
.bantuan-top-2 {
bottom: 12rem;
right: 1rem;
align-items: center;
}
.bantuan-top-3 {
bottom: 16rem;
right: 1rem;
align-items: center;
}
.bantuan-bottom-2 {
bottom: 5rem;
right: 1.25rem;
align-items: center;
}
.bantuan-bottom-3 {
bottom: 8rem;
right: 1.25rem;
align-items: center;
}
.bantuan-element img {
width: auto;
}
.bantuan-top img,
.bantuan-top-2 img,
.bantuan-top-3 img {
width: 96px;
}
.bantuan-bottom img,
.bantuan-bottom-2 img,
.bantuan-bottom-3 img {
width: 96px;
}
}
.bantuan-element:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
}
.bantuan-element img {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
</style>
<div id="bantuan-divs-container" style="position: relative" data-product="ruangguru" data-table="rg_floating_icon"></div>
<script>
class FloatingDivsComponent {
constructor(product = 'ruangguru', table = 'rg_floating_icon') {
this.container = document.getElementById('bantuan-divs-container');
this.floatingElements = [];
this.product = product;
this.table = table;
// Configuration
this.config = {
baseApiUrl: 'https://gw.ruangguru.com/api/v3/rdb/p_ddgy8hjx5dxsqx/rg_banner/views/',
apiKey: 'vLyK3dJrDBRmOwueX2OJXibMkgsUbBk0WS4ua2p1',
maxElements: 2,
zIndexBase: 100,
};
// Build dynamic API URL based on table parameter
this.config.apiUrl = this.buildApiUrl();
this.init();
}
buildApiUrl() {
const baseUrl = this.config.baseApiUrl;
const tableName = this.table || 'rg_floating_icon';
const queryParams =
'offset=0&limit=99999&sort=rankPosition&where=(type,eq,floating)~and(showIn,anyof,blog)~and(hide,is,false)~and(product,eq,' +
this.product +
')&nested%5Bcta%5D%5Bfields%5D=Id,name,ctaId,imageUrl,ctaLink,targetUrl';
return `${baseUrl}${tableName}?${queryParams}`;
}
async init() {
try {
await this.fetchFloatingElements();
this.renderFloatingElements();
} catch (error) {
console.error('Failed to initialize floating divs component:', error);
}
}
async fetchFloatingElements() {
try {
const options = {
method: 'GET',
headers: {
'xc-token': this.config.apiKey || 'vLyK3dJrDBRmOwueX2OJXibMkgsUbBk0WS4ua2p1',
},
};
const urlNoco = this.config.apiUrl;
const response = await fetch(urlNoco, options);
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
const data = await response.json();
this.floatingElements = this.processApiResponse(data);
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error fetching floating elements:', error);
throw error;
}
}
processApiResponse(data) {
if (!data || !data.list || !Array.isArray(data.list)) {
return [];
}
console.log(data.list);
// Ensure we only get maximum 2 elements
const limitedElements = data.list.slice(0, this.config.maxElements);
return limitedElements;
}
renderFloatingElements() {
if (!this.container || this.floatingElements.length === 0) {
return;
}
// Additional safeguard: ensure we never render more than maxElements
const elementsToRender = this.floatingElements.slice(0, this.config.maxElements);
// Clean up existing elements and their event listeners
this.cleanupExistingElements();
// Clear existing content
this.container.innerHTML = '';
elementsToRender.forEach((element, index) => {
const floatingDiv = this.createFloatingDiv(element, index);
this.container.appendChild(floatingDiv);
});
}
cleanupExistingElements() {
// Clear existing elements (no need for event listener cleanup with CSS approach)
const existingElements = this.container.querySelectorAll('[data-floating-element]');
existingElements.forEach(element => {
element.remove();
});
}
createFloatingDiv(element, index) {
const div = document.createElement('div');
const cta = element.cta[0]; // Use the first CTA
// Add data attribute for cleanup tracking
div.setAttribute('data-floating-element', 'true');
// Apply CSS classes based on rankPosition
const positionClass = this.getPositionClass(element.rankPosition, index);
div.className = `bantuan-element ${positionClass}`;
div.style.zIndex = this.config.zIndexBase + index;
// Create the link and image
const link = document.createElement('a');
link.href = 'https://cta.ruangguru.com/' + cta.ctaId || '#';
link.target = '_blank';
// Add tracking attributes
link.setAttribute('data-tracking-event-type', 'landing_page__core__item_click');
link.setAttribute(
'data-tracking-context',
JSON.stringify({
product_name: this.product,
cta_action: 'redirection',
cta_action_detail: link.href,
item_type: 'floating',
item_name: element.name || 'Floating element',
item_category: 'payment',
item_position: index,
item_serial: null,
section_type: 'floating_item',
section_position: 'body',
section_name: 'floating_item',
})
);
const img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = element.imageUrl + '?h=200&convert=webp';
img.alt = element.name || 'Floating element';
img.loading = 'lazy';
// Add click tracking
link.addEventListener('click', () => {
this.trackClick(element, cta);
});
link.appendChild(img);
div.appendChild(link);
return div;
}
getPositionClass(rankPosition, index) {
// Define positioning classes based on rankPosition
if (rankPosition === 1) {
return 'bantuan-top'; // Top position
} else if (rankPosition === 2) {
return 'bantuan-bottom'; // Bottom position
} else {
// For additional elements, distribute them evenly
return `bantuan-${index % 2 === 0 ? 'top' : 'bottom'}-${Math.floor(index / 2) + 1}`;
}
}
trackClick(element, cta) {
// Implement click tracking logic here
console.log('Floating element clicked:', {
elementId: element.Id,
elementName: cta.name,
ctaId: cta.ctaId,
targetUrl: cta.targetUrl,
});
}
// Public method to manually refresh
async refresh() {
try {
await this.fetchFloatingElements();
this.renderFloatingElements();
} catch (error) {
console.error('Failed to refresh floating elements:', error);
throw error;
}
}
// Public method to get current floating elements
getFloatingElements() {
return [...this.floatingElements];
}
}
// Initialize the component when DOM is ready
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
// Get product and table parameters from data attributes
const container = document.getElementById('bantuan-divs-container');
const product = container.getAttribute('data-product') || 'ruangguru';
const table = container.getAttribute('data-table') || 'rg_floating_icon';
new FloatingDivsComponent(product, table);
});
// Export for use in other modules if needed
if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
module.exports = FloatingDivsComponent;
}
</script> <div id="wp-install-nudge" style="
position: fixed;
bottom: 0rem;
right: 0;
z-index: 999;
cursor: pointer;
"></div>
<script>
(function (w, d, s, o, f, js, fjs) {
w['Sales-Nudge-Widget'] = o; w[o] = w[o] || function () { (w[o].q = w[o].q || []).push(arguments) };
js = d.createElement(s), fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
js.id = o; js.src = f; js.async = 1; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
}(window, document, 'script', 'wpInstallNudge', 'https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/sales-nudge/6198a95130/dist/widget.js'));
wpInstallNudge('init', { targetElementId: 'wp-install-nudge', clientTarget: 'ruangguru_blog' });
</script>
<script>
// note: disabled due to auto reload page
// var lastScrollTop = 0;
// $(window).scroll(function(event){
// var st = $(this).scrollTop();
// if (st > lastScrollTop){
// $('#wp-install-nudge').slideDown( "slow", function() {});
// } else {
// $('#wp-install-nudge').slideUp( "slow", function() {});
// }
// lastScrollTop = st;
// });
// $(document).ready(function () {
// $("#wp-install-nudge").hide();
// });
$('#wp-install-nudge').click(function(){
Analytics.track("promotion__install_nudge__click",
{
user_email: "ruangguru@blog.com",
cta_link: widgetData.dataConfig.target_link
}).catch((err) => {
console.log("tracker error", err);
});
});
</script>
</footer>
<div id="__next"></div>
<script type="speculationrules">
{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"\/blog\/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["\/blog\/wp-*.php","\/blog\/wp-admin\/*","\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/*","\/blog\/wp-content\/*","\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/*","\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/ruangguru\/*","\/blog\/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]}
</script>
<script>
async function getCtaDetails(ctaIds) {
const endpoint =
" https://gw.ruangguru.com/api/v3/rdb/p_ddgy8hjx5dxsqx/CTA/views/CTA?offset=0&limit=10&where=(ctaId,in," + ctaIds.toString() + ")";
try {
const response = await fetch(endpoint, {
headers: {
"xc-token": "-hG2nBDJzSj0agSgNtcJx97M4F02y54nUMoY6plJ",
},
});
const data = await response.json();
const ctaList = data?.list || [];
const ctaMap = new Map();
for (const ctaData of ctaList) {
ctaMap.set(ctaData.ctaId, ctaData);
}
return ctaMap;
} catch (error) {
console.error("Error fetching CTA details:", error);
return new Map();
}
}
async function replaceCTA() {
const regex = /{{cta\((‘(.*?)’|“(.*?)”)\)}}/g;
const bodyHTML = document.body.innerHTML;
const matches = Array.from(bodyHTML.matchAll(regex));
const ctaIds = matches.map((match) => {
let ctaId = match[2] ?? match[3];
return ctaId;
});
const ctaMap = await getCtaDetails(ctaIds);
const replacedHTML = bodyHTML.replace(regex, (match, _inner, ctaId1, ctaId2) => {
const ctaId = ctaId1 ?? ctaId2;
const ctaData = ctaMap.get(ctaId);
if (ctaData) {
return `<a href="https://cta.ruangguru.com/${ctaData.ctaId}" target="_${ctaData.targetType}" style="position:relative;display:inline-block;">
<img src="${ctaData.imageUrl}" loading="lazy" alt="${ctaData.altText}" />
</a>`;
} else {
return match;
}
});
document.body.innerHTML = replacedHTML;
}
</script>
<meta name="author" content="Ruangguru Tech Team">
<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PVNLZFT" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<!-- Tracker -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn-web-2.ruangguru.com/landing-page-web/public/staticpages/global-assets/js/cta.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/@dotlottie/player-component@latest/dist/dotlottie-player.mjs" type="module"></script>
</body>
</html>