A useful but rarely used property is the outer frame or outline.
The syntax for outline is similar to border. However, the parameters for the individual borders cannot be assigned to the frame.
Example:
/* Solid black frame that is 10px thick */
outline: 10px solid black;
This is the shorthand syntax for the outline property. Here are some of the individual properties:
outline-width: 10px; /* Thickness */
outline-style: solid; /* Style */
outline-color: black; /* Color */
The outer frame is always displayed outside the element, does not affect its size, and does not take up space, that is, it is displayed above other elements.
You can change the position of the frame using the outline-offset property. A positive value moves the frame away from the outer edge of the element, while a negative value pulls it inward.
outline-style has the same values as border-style. By the way, we also have the interesting frame types ridge and groove. They are used to create 3D frames.
Let’s try this all out in practice.
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Preparation</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-size-1">2. Background Size, Step 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-size-2">3. Background Size, Step 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-borders">4. Background Borders</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-cropping">5. Background Cropping</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/multiple-background-images">6. Multiple Background Images</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-position">7. Positioning the background relative to different borders</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-repeat-round">8. background-repeat: round</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/background-repeat-space">9. background-repeat: space</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item main-nav__course-contents-item--current"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/outer-frame">10. Outer Frame</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/rounding-corners-1">11. Rounding Corners, Part 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/rounding-corners-2">12. Rounding Corners, Part 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/border-image-source">13. Frame Image: border-image-source</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/border-image-slice">14. Frame Image: border-image-slice</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/slicing-asymmetrical-images">15. Slicing Asymmetrical Images</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/border-image-repeat-1">16. Frame Image: border-image-repeat, Part 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/border-image-repeat-2">17. Frame Image: border-image-repeat, Part 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/border-image-width">18. Frame Image: border-image-width</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/border-image-outset">19. Frame Image: border-image-outset</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/royal-frame">20. Muffin’s Royal Frame</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/eco-frame">21. Muffin’s Eco-Frame</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/round-frame-1">22. Muffin’s Round Frame, Part 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/round-frame-2">23. Muffin’s Round Frame, Part 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/challenge-1">24. Challenge: The Sea Wolf</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/frames-triangles-1">25. Frames and Triangles, Part 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/frames-triangles-2">26. Frames and Triangles, Part 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/frames-triangles-3">27. Frames and Triangles, Part 3</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/arrow-frame">28. Creating an Arrow with a Frame</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/round-arrow-frame-1">29. Creating a Round Arrow with a Frame, Part 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/round-arrow-frame-2">30. Creating a Round Arrow with a Frame, Part 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/real-life-triangles-1">31. Real-Life Triangles, Part 1</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/real-life-triangles-2">32. Real-Life Triangles, Part 2</a></li><li class="main-nav__course-contents-item"><a href="/courses/advanced-styling/frames-and-backgrounds/challenge-2">33. 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2.334.725-.13.837-1.46.93-2.13h.112c.937.492 1.647 1.33 1.98 2.334-.388.176-.793.31-1.21.4zm18.365-2.864c-1.104-.145-2.215-.232-3.33-.26-.546-.01-1.093.05-1.626.176-1.166.483-2.08 1.425-2.53 2.604l-.158.79 1.795.623c.558.153 1.132.24 1.71.26h.28c3.245-.177 4.137-3.72 4.137-3.72l.084-.353zm-1.264 1.86c-.54 1.394-2.882 1.646-2.966 1.646-.517-.02-1.03-.11-1.525-.26-.186-.085-.633-.26-1.08-.43.374-.966 1.117-1.746 2.065-2.165 0 .68.158 1.953.81 2.083.65.13.613-1.535.566-2.26.934.005 1.865.064 2.79.177-.11.316-.473.65-.66 1.17z" fill="#151841"/><path d="M19.26 39.27c.535 1.362 1.56 2.473 2.874 3.115.534.312 1.204-.07 1.207-.69.002-.285-.15-.55-.397-.695-.918-.46-1.65-1.222-2.073-2.158-.344-.957-1.972-.52-1.61.428zm29.45 3.125c1.083-.59 2.01-1.428 2.706-2.446.3-.556-.112-1.228-.743-1.21-.293.007-.56.17-.698.428-.568.776-1.306 1.412-2.158 1.86-.394.23-.517.742-.27 1.125.263.376.773.482 1.163.242z" fill="#EFA75B" stroke-width="13"/><path d="M16.025 32.436c1.525-1.386 2.427-4.408 2.79-6.835-.084.354 2.613.43 4.138-1.208 1.078-1.125.446-2-.186-3.375-1.71-3.552-4.585-6.323-7.384-8.918-.716-.69-1.44-2.428-2.706-2-.995.353-.93 3.2-.716 4.073 1.09 7.448 4.065 18.263 4.065 18.263zm37.372-.78c-1.704-1.826-2.822-4.12-3.208-6.585 0 .354-2.614.354-4.056-1.29-.995-1.127-.362-1.86.363-3.117 1.86-3.198 4.863-5.718 7.746-8.136.81-.604 1.627-1.47 2.79-.93.994.428.715 2.334.548 3.115-1.083 5.72-2.48 11.376-4.183 16.943z" fill="#FFF"/><path d="M53.564 20.422c-1.98.51-4.138 1.636-5.105 3.487-.43-2.196 1.645-4.65 3.393-5.832.333-.21.312-.703-.037-.886-.162-.085-.357-.076-.512.022-2.157 1.562-4.417 4.5-3.784 7.188.076.262.354.41.614.325l-.075.28c-.085.603.93.864.994.26.446-2.158 2.706-3.376 4.77-3.897.372-.076.522-.526.27-.81-.133-.15-.342-.204-.53-.138zM17.457 18.06c-.55-.354-.995.428-.55.865 1.433 1.004 3.182 3.05 3.395 4.956-.93-1.86-3.05-2.975-5.105-3.486-.386-.005-.633.41-.445.747.042.076.103.14.176.184 2.073.52 4.324 1.73 4.77 3.896.106.328.5.46.78.26.273.192.653.06.745-.26.735-2.66-1.6-5.728-3.766-7.16z" fill="#F1662A"/></svg></span><p class="course-loading-overlay__message"><b class="course-loading-overlay__message-title">Loading…</b><br><span class="course-loading-overlay__message-text">Everything will be ready in few seconds</span></p></div></div><div class="course-layout__sidebar course-theory"><div class="course-theory__inner course-theory__inner--left-stub"><button class="course-theory__close icon-close icon-close--light" type="button">Close</button><ul class="course-tabs course-tabs--non-interactive course-layout__theory-heading js--theory-tabs"><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--external course-tab course-tab--centered"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-theory"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Theory</span></li><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--internal course-tab course-tab--centered course-tab--active js--theory-tab__theory"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-theory"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Theory</span></li><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--internal course-tab course-tab--centered js--theory-tab__comments"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" style="width: 16px; height: 16px; fill: #2e2c9c;"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/up.svg#comment"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Comments</span></li></ul><section class="course-theory__content"><div class="js--theory-pane__theory course-theory__content-inner"><h1 class="course-theory__content-heading">Outer Frame</h1><div class="course-theory__content-text"><p>A useful but rarely used property is the outer frame or <code>outline</code>.</p><p>The syntax for <code>outline</code> is similar to <code>border</code>. However, the parameters for the individual borders cannot be assigned to the frame.
Example:</p><pre><code>/* Solid black frame that is 10px thick */
outline: 10px solid black;</code></pre><p>This is the shorthand syntax for the <code>outline</code> property. Here are some of the individual properties:</p><pre><code>outline-width: 10px; /* Thickness */
outline-style: solid; /* Style */
outline-color: black; /* Color */</code></pre><p>The outer frame is always displayed outside the element, does not affect its size, and does not take up space, that is, it is displayed above other elements.</p><p>You can change the position of the frame using the <code>outline-offset</code> property. A positive value moves the frame away from the outer edge of the element, while a negative value pulls it inward.</p><p><code>outline-style</code> has the same values as <code>border-style</code>. By the way, we also have the interesting frame types <code>ridge</code> and <code>groove</code>. They are used to create 3D frames.</p><p>Let’s try this all out in practice.</p></div></div><div class="js--theory-pane__comments hidden course-theory__content-inner"><div class="course-theory__content-text"><h2 class="course-theory__content-heading">Comments</h2><div id="disqus_thread"></div><script>
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<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Outer Frame</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="setting.css">
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</head>
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<div class="portrait"></div>
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box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 40px;
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
border: 40px solid rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.4);
background-color: #ffffff;
background-image:
url("img/glasses.svg"),
url("img/muffin.jpg");
background-position:
75px 125px,
center;
background-clip: padding-box;
background-origin: border-box;
background-size:
150px,
cover;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
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