The grid-template-areas property allows certain areas to be marked as empty.
The period character . is used for this instead of the alphabetic name of the area.
For example, take the code from a previous topic where we had a grid consisting of three columns.
grid-template-areas:
"red yellow green"
"red yellow green"
"red yellow green";
If we only want the last green cell to remain in the first row, then replace red and yellow on the first line with periods:
grid-template-areas:
". . green"
"red yellow green"
"red yellow green";
We obtain the desired result:
Let’s add empty areas to the example from the previous assignment.
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fill="#EFA75B"/><path d="M31.963 50.968c-.197-.004-.358-.157-.372-.353-.018-.207.158-.378.364-.354 3.245-.26 3.505-2.156 3.608-2.25-.006-.19.183-.325.362-.26.193.01.35.16.363.354 0 .084 0 1.906 3.422 2 .192.008.348.16.362.353-.018.19-.172.34-.363.353-1.352.11-2.68-.4-3.61-1.386-.095-.096-.16-.22-.185-.353-.982 1.174-2.423 1.866-3.952 1.898z" fill="#151841"/><path d="M32.14 43.427c.186-.52 3.608.083 3.608.083s2.975-.688 3.422.084c-.05.288-.175.557-.363.78-.515-.056-1.037.004-1.525.178-.333.61-.488 1.304-.446 2-.222.394-.574.7-.995.864-.398-.112-.75-.354-.994-.688.047-.75-.146-1.496-.55-2.13-.27-.26-1.264.084-1.626-.083l-.53-1.088zm6.89.242c-.05.286-.175.556-.363.78-.503-.063-1.015-.012-1.497.148-.333.612-.487 1.305-.446 2-.222.394-.574.7-.995.864-.4-.112-.75-.354-.996-.688.053-.76-.14-1.515-.55-2.157-.268-.26-1.263.084-1.626-.084-.26-.23-.45-.53-.55-.864" fill="#CF4A27"/><path d="M35.748 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2.334.725-.13.837-1.46.93-2.13h.112c.937.492 1.647 1.33 1.98 2.334-.388.176-.793.31-1.21.4zm18.365-2.864c-1.104-.145-2.215-.232-3.33-.26-.546-.01-1.093.05-1.626.176-1.166.483-2.08 1.425-2.53 2.604l-.158.79 1.795.623c.558.153 1.132.24 1.71.26h.28c3.245-.177 4.137-3.72 4.137-3.72l.084-.353zm-1.264 1.86c-.54 1.394-2.882 1.646-2.966 1.646-.517-.02-1.03-.11-1.525-.26-.186-.085-.633-.26-1.08-.43.374-.966 1.117-1.746 2.065-2.165 0 .68.158 1.953.81 2.083.65.13.613-1.535.566-2.26.934.005 1.865.064 2.79.177-.11.316-.473.65-.66 1.17z" fill="#151841"/><path d="M19.26 39.27c.535 1.362 1.56 2.473 2.874 3.115.534.312 1.204-.07 1.207-.69.002-.285-.15-.55-.397-.695-.918-.46-1.65-1.222-2.073-2.158-.344-.957-1.972-.52-1.61.428zm29.45 3.125c1.083-.59 2.01-1.428 2.706-2.446.3-.556-.112-1.228-.743-1.21-.293.007-.56.17-.698.428-.568.776-1.306 1.412-2.158 1.86-.394.23-.517.742-.27 1.125.263.376.773.482 1.163.242z" fill="#EFA75B" stroke-width="13"/><path d="M16.025 32.436c1.525-1.386 2.427-4.408 2.79-6.835-.084.354 2.613.43 4.138-1.208 1.078-1.125.446-2-.186-3.375-1.71-3.552-4.585-6.323-7.384-8.918-.716-.69-1.44-2.428-2.706-2-.995.353-.93 3.2-.716 4.073 1.09 7.448 4.065 18.263 4.065 18.263zm37.372-.78c-1.704-1.826-2.822-4.12-3.208-6.585 0 .354-2.614.354-4.056-1.29-.995-1.127-.362-1.86.363-3.117 1.86-3.198 4.863-5.718 7.746-8.136.81-.604 1.627-1.47 2.79-.93.994.428.715 2.334.548 3.115-1.083 5.72-2.48 11.376-4.183 16.943z" fill="#FFF"/><path d="M53.564 20.422c-1.98.51-4.138 1.636-5.105 3.487-.43-2.196 1.645-4.65 3.393-5.832.333-.21.312-.703-.037-.886-.162-.085-.357-.076-.512.022-2.157 1.562-4.417 4.5-3.784 7.188.076.262.354.41.614.325l-.075.28c-.085.603.93.864.994.26.446-2.158 2.706-3.376 4.77-3.897.372-.076.522-.526.27-.81-.133-.15-.342-.204-.53-.138zM17.457 18.06c-.55-.354-.995.428-.55.865 1.433 1.004 3.182 3.05 3.395 4.956-.93-1.86-3.05-2.975-5.105-3.486-.386-.005-.633.41-.445.747.042.076.103.14.176.184 2.073.52 4.324 1.73 4.77 3.896.106.328.5.46.78.26.273.192.653.06.745-.26.735-2.66-1.6-5.728-3.766-7.16z" fill="#F1662A"/></svg></span><p class="course-loading-overlay__message"><b class="course-loading-overlay__message-title">Loading…</b><br><span class="course-loading-overlay__message-text">Everything will be ready in few seconds</span></p></div></div><div class="course-layout__sidebar course-theory"><div class="course-theory__inner course-theory__inner--left-stub"><button class="course-theory__close icon-close icon-close--light" type="button">Close</button><ul class="course-tabs course-tabs--non-interactive course-layout__theory-heading js--theory-tabs"><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--external course-tab course-tab--centered"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-theory"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Theory</span></li><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--internal course-tab course-tab--centered course-tab--active js--theory-tab__theory"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-theory"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Theory</span></li><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--internal course-tab course-tab--centered js--theory-tab__comments"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" style="width: 16px; height: 16px; fill: #2e2c9c;"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/up.svg#comment"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Comments</span></li></ul><section class="course-theory__content"><div class="js--theory-pane__theory course-theory__content-inner"><h1 class="course-theory__content-heading">The grid-template-areas property and empty grid areas</h1><div class="course-theory__content-text"><p>The <code>grid-template-areas</code> property allows certain areas to be marked as empty.</p><p>The period character <code>.</code> is used for this instead of the alphabetic name of the area.</p><p>For example, take the code from a previous topic where we had a grid consisting of three columns.</p><style>
.example-table {
font-family: monospace;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.example-table td {
width: 30px;
border: 1px solid;
text-align: center;
height: 30px;
}
.example-table .red {
background-color: red;
}
.example-table .yellow {
background-color: yellow;
}
.example-table .green {
background-color: green;
}
</style><table class="example-table"><tr><td class="red"></td><td class="yellow"></td><td class="green"></td></tr><tr><td class="red"></td><td class="yellow"></td><td class="green"></td></tr><tr><td class="red"></td><td class="yellow"></td><td class="green"></td></tr></table><pre><code>grid-template-areas:
"red yellow green"
"red yellow green"
"red yellow green";
</code></pre><p>If we only want the last green cell to remain in the first row, then replace <code>red</code> and <code>yellow</code> on the first line with periods:</p><pre><code>grid-template-areas:
". . green"
"red yellow green"
"red yellow green";
</code></pre><p>We obtain the desired result:</p><table class="example-table"><tr><td></td><td></td><td class="green"></td></tr><tr><td class="red"></td><td class="yellow"></td><td class="green"></td></tr><tr><td class="red"></td><td class="yellow"></td><td class="green"></td></tr></table><p>Let’s add empty areas to the example from the previous assignment.</p></div></div><div class="js--theory-pane__comments hidden course-theory__content-inner"><div class="course-theory__content-text"><h2 class="course-theory__content-heading">Comments</h2><div id="disqus_thread"></div><script>
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<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>The grid-template-areas property and empty grid areas</title>
<link href="world.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="world">
<div class="land land--guided">
<div class="element element--water"></div>
<div class="element element--grass"></div>
<div class="element element--rocks"></div>
<div class="element element--lava"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</div></div><div class="js--editor course-editor course-layout__editor course-editor--hidden" id="" data-tab="css" data-split=""><span class="course-editor__label"><span class="course-editor__label-item">CSS</span><button class="course-editor__label-item course-editor__label-item--interactive hidden js--editor__unsplit-button course-editor__label-item--simple" title="No split" type="button"><svg width="7" height="10" viewBox="0 0 7 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path stroke-linecap="round" d="M.6 3.503L3.443.518l2.842 2.985"></path><path d="M3.5 1.5v7.16" stroke-linecap="square"></path></g></svg></button></span><div class="course-editor__item" id="css-editor">.land {
display: grid;
grid-template-areas:
"w w l l"
"w w l l"
"g g l l"
"r r r r";
}
.element--water {
grid-area: w;
}
.element--grass {
grid-area: g;
}
.element--lava {
grid-area: l;
}
.element--rocks {
grid-area: r;
}
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