In the previous assignment, we listed the main inheritable properties. But not all properties can be inherited. The main non-inheritable properties are the parameters for positioning, sizes, margins, backgrounds, and frames:
background, border, padding, margin, width, height, position, and others.
They are not inherited due to considerations of common sense. For example, if an internal margin is set for a particular block, there is no need to automatically set this margin for each nested element. These parameters are most often unique for each separate block.
Let’s look at what would happen if all of the properties were inherited at once. So, for example, this is how the nav tag would look on the main page if we added a border to it (by using the border property):
Now take the same border property and ensure that it is not inherited.
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fill="#EFA75B"/><path d="M31.963 50.968c-.197-.004-.358-.157-.372-.353-.018-.207.158-.378.364-.354 3.245-.26 3.505-2.156 3.608-2.25-.006-.19.183-.325.362-.26.193.01.35.16.363.354 0 .084 0 1.906 3.422 2 .192.008.348.16.362.353-.018.19-.172.34-.363.353-1.352.11-2.68-.4-3.61-1.386-.095-.096-.16-.22-.185-.353-.982 1.174-2.423 1.866-3.952 1.898z" fill="#151841"/><path d="M32.14 43.427c.186-.52 3.608.083 3.608.083s2.975-.688 3.422.084c-.05.288-.175.557-.363.78-.515-.056-1.037.004-1.525.178-.333.61-.488 1.304-.446 2-.222.394-.574.7-.995.864-.398-.112-.75-.354-.994-.688.047-.75-.146-1.496-.55-2.13-.27-.26-1.264.084-1.626-.083l-.53-1.088zm6.89.242c-.05.286-.175.556-.363.78-.503-.063-1.015-.012-1.497.148-.333.612-.487 1.305-.446 2-.222.394-.574.7-.995.864-.4-.112-.75-.354-.996-.688.053-.76-.14-1.515-.55-2.157-.268-.26-1.263.084-1.626-.084-.26-.23-.45-.53-.55-.864" fill="#CF4A27"/><path d="M35.748 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2.334.725-.13.837-1.46.93-2.13h.112c.937.492 1.647 1.33 1.98 2.334-.388.176-.793.31-1.21.4zm18.365-2.864c-1.104-.145-2.215-.232-3.33-.26-.546-.01-1.093.05-1.626.176-1.166.483-2.08 1.425-2.53 2.604l-.158.79 1.795.623c.558.153 1.132.24 1.71.26h.28c3.245-.177 4.137-3.72 4.137-3.72l.084-.353zm-1.264 1.86c-.54 1.394-2.882 1.646-2.966 1.646-.517-.02-1.03-.11-1.525-.26-.186-.085-.633-.26-1.08-.43.374-.966 1.117-1.746 2.065-2.165 0 .68.158 1.953.81 2.083.65.13.613-1.535.566-2.26.934.005 1.865.064 2.79.177-.11.316-.473.65-.66 1.17z" fill="#151841"/><path d="M19.26 39.27c.535 1.362 1.56 2.473 2.874 3.115.534.312 1.204-.07 1.207-.69.002-.285-.15-.55-.397-.695-.918-.46-1.65-1.222-2.073-2.158-.344-.957-1.972-.52-1.61.428zm29.45 3.125c1.083-.59 2.01-1.428 2.706-2.446.3-.556-.112-1.228-.743-1.21-.293.007-.56.17-.698.428-.568.776-1.306 1.412-2.158 1.86-.394.23-.517.742-.27 1.125.263.376.773.482 1.163.242z" fill="#EFA75B" stroke-width="13"/><path d="M16.025 32.436c1.525-1.386 2.427-4.408 2.79-6.835-.084.354 2.613.43 4.138-1.208 1.078-1.125.446-2-.186-3.375-1.71-3.552-4.585-6.323-7.384-8.918-.716-.69-1.44-2.428-2.706-2-.995.353-.93 3.2-.716 4.073 1.09 7.448 4.065 18.263 4.065 18.263zm37.372-.78c-1.704-1.826-2.822-4.12-3.208-6.585 0 .354-2.614.354-4.056-1.29-.995-1.127-.362-1.86.363-3.117 1.86-3.198 4.863-5.718 7.746-8.136.81-.604 1.627-1.47 2.79-.93.994.428.715 2.334.548 3.115-1.083 5.72-2.48 11.376-4.183 16.943z" fill="#FFF"/><path d="M53.564 20.422c-1.98.51-4.138 1.636-5.105 3.487-.43-2.196 1.645-4.65 3.393-5.832.333-.21.312-.703-.037-.886-.162-.085-.357-.076-.512.022-2.157 1.562-4.417 4.5-3.784 7.188.076.262.354.41.614.325l-.075.28c-.085.603.93.864.994.26.446-2.158 2.706-3.376 4.77-3.897.372-.076.522-.526.27-.81-.133-.15-.342-.204-.53-.138zM17.457 18.06c-.55-.354-.995.428-.55.865 1.433 1.004 3.182 3.05 3.395 4.956-.93-1.86-3.05-2.975-5.105-3.486-.386-.005-.633.41-.445.747.042.076.103.14.176.184 2.073.52 4.324 1.73 4.77 3.896.106.328.5.46.78.26.273.192.653.06.745-.26.735-2.66-1.6-5.728-3.766-7.16z" fill="#F1662A"/></svg></span><p class="course-loading-overlay__message"><b class="course-loading-overlay__message-title">Loading…</b><br><span class="course-loading-overlay__message-text">Everything will be ready in few seconds</span></p></div></div><div class="course-layout__sidebar course-theory"><div class="course-theory__inner course-theory__inner--left-stub"><button class="course-theory__close icon-close icon-close--light" type="button">Close</button><ul class="course-tabs course-tabs--non-interactive course-layout__theory-heading js--theory-tabs"><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--external course-tab course-tab--centered"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-theory"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Theory</span></li><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--internal course-tab course-tab--centered course-tab--active js--theory-tab__theory"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-theory"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Theory</span></li><li class="course-tabs__item course-tabs__item--internal course-tab course-tab--centered js--theory-tab__comments"><span class="course-tab__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" style="width: 16px; height: 16px; fill: #2e2c9c;"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/up.svg#comment"></use></svg></span><span class="course-tab__title">Comments</span></li></ul><section class="course-theory__content"><div class="js--theory-pane__theory course-theory__content-inner"><h1 class="course-theory__content-heading">Non-inheritable properties</h1><div class="course-theory__content-text"><p>In the previous assignment, we listed the main inheritable properties. But not all properties can be inherited. The main non-inheritable properties are the parameters for positioning, sizes, margins, backgrounds, and frames:</p><pre><code>background, border, padding, margin, width, height, position, and others.</code></pre><p>They are not inherited due to considerations of common sense. For example, if an internal margin is set for a particular block, there is no need to automatically set this margin for each nested element. These parameters are most often unique for each separate block.</p><p>Let’s look at what would happen if all of the properties were inherited at once. So, for example, this is how the <code>nav</code> tag would look on the main page if we added a border to it (by using the <code>border</code> property):</p><style>
.example-div {
margin-bottom: 30px;
padding: 20px;
border: 5px solid #2d508f;
background-color: #4470c4;
color: #ffffff;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 26px;
font-family: "Arial", sans-serif;
}
.example-div h2 {
border: inherit;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: normal;
}
.example-div ul {
list-style: none;
padding-left: 0;
border: inherit;
}
.example-div li {
border: inherit;
padding-left: 0 !important;
}
.example-div li::before {
content: none !important;
}
.example-div a {
color: #ffffff;
border: inherit;
}
</style><div class="example-div course-theory__no-interactions"><h2>Recent Posts</h2><ul><li><a href="#">Day One. How I forgot to feed the cat</a></li><li><a href="#">Day Two. I want to become a coder</a></li><li><a href="#">Day Three. My cat is offended at me</a></li></ul></div><p>Now take the same <code>border</code> property and ensure that it is not inherited.</p></div></div><div class="js--theory-pane__comments hidden course-theory__content-inner"><div class="course-theory__content-text"><h2 class="course-theory__content-heading">Comments</h2><div id="disqus_thread"></div><script>
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this.page.url = "https://htmlacademy.org/courses/html-css-basics/css-essentials/css-non-inheritable-properties";
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</script><noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the <a href="https://disqus.com/?ref_noscript">comments powered by Disqus.</a></noscript></div></div></section><div class="course-theory__controls"><button class="button button--close" type="button">To the task</button></div></div></div><div class="course-layout__column course-layout__column--left"><ul class="js--course-tabs course-tabs course-layout__course-tabs"><li class="js--editor-tab course-tabs__item course-tab course-tabs__item--limited course-tabs__item--limited-large course-tab--active" data-editor="html"><span class="course-tab__title course-tab__title--indent"><span class="course-tab__title-part course-tab__title-part--active">index.html</span></span><button class="js--editor-split course-tab__button course-tab__button--split" type="button"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-split"></use></svg><span class="tooltip tooltip--light tooltip--to-top tooltip--with-wrap tooltip--short course-tab__tooltip"><span class="tooltip__wrap">Split mode</span></span></button></li><li class="js--editor-tab course-tabs__item course-tab course-tabs__item--limited course-tabs__item--limited-large" data-editor="css"><span class="course-tab__title course-tab__title--indent"><span class="course-tab__title-part course-tab__title-part--active">style.css</span></span><button class="js--editor-split course-tab__button course-tab__button--split" type="button"><svg aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/img/sprites/courses.svg#icon-split"></use></svg><span class="tooltip tooltip--light tooltip--to-top tooltip--with-wrap tooltip--short course-tab__tooltip"><span class="tooltip__wrap">Split mode</span></span></button></li></ul><div class="course-layout__editors"><div class="js--editor course-editor course-layout__editor" id="" data-tab="html" data-split=""><span class="course-editor__label"><span class="course-editor__label-item">HTML</span><button class="course-editor__label-item course-editor__label-item--interactive hidden js--editor__unsplit-button course-editor__label-item--simple" title="No split" type="button"><svg width="7" height="10" viewBox="0 0 7 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path stroke-linecap="round" d="M.6 3.503L3.443.518l2.842 2.985"></path><path d="M3.5 1.5v7.16" stroke-linecap="square"></path></g></svg></button></span><div class="course-editor__item" id="html-editor"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>The website of a beginning coder</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>The website of a beginning coder</h1>
</header>
<main>
<img class="avatar" src="img/raccoon.svg" width="80" height="80" alt="Avatar">
<nav>
<h2>Recent Posts</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="day-1.html">Day One. How I forgot to feed the cat</a></li>
<li><a href="day-2.html">Day Two. I want to become a coder</a></li>
<li><a href="day-3.html">Day Three. My cat is offended at me</a></li>
<li><a href="day-4.html">Day Four. How I almost got sick</a></li>
<li><a href="day-5.html">Day Five. I am relaxing</a></li>
<li><a href="day-6.html">Day Six. How I failed to understand anything</a></li>
<li><a href="day-7.html">Day Seven. Muffin gave me an assignment</a></li>
<li><a href="day-8.html">Day Eight. It’s getting very serious</a></li>
<li><a href="day-9.html">Day Nine. Or more precisely night</a></li>
<li><a href="day-10.html">Day Ten. Summing up</a></li>
<li><a href="day-11.html">Day Eleven. Everything should be taken in moderation</a></li>
<li><a href="day-12.html">Day Twelve. Everyone loves cookies</a></li>
<li><a href="day-13.html">Day Thirteen. I found an article</a></li>
<li><a href="day-14.html">Day Fourteen. A New Format</a></li>
<li><a href="day-15.html">Day Fifteen. The Selfie Gallery</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section>
<p>Greetings to everyone! Welcome to my first site. Up until just recently I had no idea what a coder does for a living, but now I have found <a href="https://htmlacademy.org/courses">interactive courses in HTML and CSS</a> and I have set myself the goal of becoming one. I even was assigned an instructor, Muffin, who does not allow me to slack off and will track my progress.</p>
<p>My first assignment is to keep a diary and honestly write about all of my accomplishments.</p>
</section>
<section>
Skills section
</section>
</main>
<footer>
Website footer
</footer>
</body>
</html>
</div></div><div class="js--editor course-editor course-layout__editor course-editor--hidden" id="" data-tab="css" data-split=""><span class="course-editor__label"><span class="course-editor__label-item">CSS</span><button class="course-editor__label-item course-editor__label-item--interactive hidden js--editor__unsplit-button course-editor__label-item--simple" title="No split" type="button"><svg width="7" height="10" viewBox="0 0 7 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path stroke-linecap="round" d="M.6 3.503L3.443.518l2.842 2.985"></path><path d="M3.5 1.5v7.16" stroke-linecap="square"></path></g></svg></button></span><div class="course-editor__item" id="css-editor">body {
padding: 0 30px;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 26px;
font-family: "Arial", sans-serif;
color: #222222;
}
h1 {
font-size: 36px;
line-height: normal;
}
h2 {
font-size: 20px;
line-height: normal;
}
a {
color: #0099ef;
text-decoration: underline;
}
.avatar {
border-radius: 10px;
}
nav {
margin-bottom: 30px;
padding: 20px;
/* Add the property below */
background-color: #4470c4;
color: #ffffff;
}
nav a {
color: #ffffff;
}
ul {
list-style: none;
padding-left: 0;
}
footer {
margin-top: 30px;
}
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