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При выполнении домашнего задания столкнулся с ошибкой!\n`/home/vlad/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/test_helper.rb:6:in `require': cannot load such file -- minitest/autorun (LoadError)\n\tfrom /home/vlad/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/test_helper.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'\n\tfrom stack_test.rb:3:in `require_relative'\n\tfrom stack_test.rb:3:in `<main>'\n`\nПодскажите как починить.","plain_title":"Добрый день! При выполнении домашнего задания столкнулся с ошибкой! /home/vlad/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/test_helper.rb:6:inrequire': cannot load such file -- minitest/autorun (LoadError) from /home/vlad/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/testhelper.rb:6:in `' from stacktest.rb:3:in require_relative' from stack_test.rb:3:in' ` Подскажите как починить. ","creator":{"public_name":"Владислав","id":476488,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Roman Ashikov","id":226258,"is_tutor":true},"id":173452,"body":"Отлично!","topic_id":86257},{"creator":{"public_name":"Владислав","id":476488,"is_tutor":false},"id":173434,"body":"Решил проблему","topic_id":86257}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":88373,"title":"В задании необходимо установить гем `minitest-power_assert` глобально с помощью `gem install`. Но приложение ожидает, что гем будет подключён через _Gemfile_. На это также указывают маркеры в самом _Gemfile_.","plain_title":"В задании необходимо установить гем minitest-power_assert глобально с помощью gem install. Но приложение ожидает, что гем будет подключён через Gemfile. На это также указывают маркеры в самом Gemfile. ","creator":{"public_name":"Сергей К.","id":5174,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Aleksandr Litvinov","id":117182,"is_tutor":true},"id":177216,"body":"Спасибо, поправил","topic_id":88373}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":87914,"title":" Добрый день, \n\nНе могу понять что конкретно я делаю не так в задании, по аутпуту джобы которая падает единственное что я понял из инфы, что нужно вдохнуть, выдохнуть и исправить код. А на чем именно всё крашится, я не вижу ни единой подсказки.. Само задание я вроде бы деалаю по аналогии с тем, что описано в теоретической части..\n\nВот все что етсь из инфы по ошибку из аутпута:\n\n`Error: The tests have failed. Examine what they have to say. Inhale deeply. Exhale. Fix the code.\nError: The process '/usr/bin/docker' failed with exit code 2\n at ExecState._setResult (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:24623)\n at ExecState.CheckComplete (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:24183)\n at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:23024)`\n\n> \n\n\n\n\n","plain_title":" Добрый день, Не могу понять что конкретно я делаю не так в задании, по аутпуту джобы которая падает единственное что я понял из инфы, что нужно вдохнуть, выдохнуть и исправить код. А на чем именно всё крашится, я не вижу ни единой подсказки.. Само задание я вроде бы деалаю по аналогии с тем, что описано в теоретической части.. Вот все что етсь из инфы по ошибку из аутпута: Error: The tests have failed. Examine what they have to say. Inhale deeply. Exhale. Fix the code. Error: The process '/usr/bin/docker' failed with exit code 2 at ExecState._setResult (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:24623) at ExecState.CheckComplete (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:24183) at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:23024) ","creator":{"public_name":"Petr Che","id":147023,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Petr Che","id":147023,"is_tutor":false},"id":176245,"body":"**Aleksandr Litvinov**, выглядит так как-будто проблема в этом, но увы не только :( \n \n\";\" забыл убрать потому как в последний момент перед тем как прислать Вам ссылку добавил в setup теста инициализацию стака и переменную (до этого, данное действие происходило в теле каждого теста а сетап был записан в строчку как \"def setup; end\".\n\n; я убрал вот ссылка на код: https://github.com/PeterChebanov/hexlet-assignments/blob/main/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/stack_test.rb\n\n но судя по выводу ошибки что-то не так с rake:\n\n`rake test\n/usr/local/bin/ruby -w -I\"lib:lib:test\" /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/rake-\n13.0.6/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb \"test/stack_test.rb\" \n\n/project/course/9500-testing/assignment/test/test_helper.rb:6:in `require': cannot load such file -- minitest/autorun (LoadError)\n\tfrom /project/course/9500-testing/assignment/test/test_helper.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'\n\tfrom /project/course/9500-testing/assignment/test/stack_test.rb:3:in `require_relative'\n\tfrom /project/course/9500-testing/assignment/test/stack_test.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'\n\tfrom <internal:/usr/local/lib/ruby/3.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:85:in `require'\n\tfrom <internal:/usr/local/lib/ruby/3.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:85:in `require'\n\tfrom /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/rake-13.0.6/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:21:in `block in <main>'\n\tfrom /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/rake-13.0.6/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:6:in `select'\n\tfrom /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/rake-13.0.6/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:6:in `<main>'\nrake aborted!\nCommand failed with status (1): [ruby -w -I\"lib:lib:test\" /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/rake-13.0.6/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb \"test/stack_test.rb\" ]`\n\n\n`Error: The tests have failed. Examine what they have to say. Inhale deeply. Exhale. Fix the code.\nError: The process '/usr/bin/docker' failed with exit code 2\n at ExecState._setResult (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:24623)\n at ExecState.CheckComplete (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:24183)\n at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (file:///home/runner/work/_actions/hexlet/assignment-action/release/dist/run-tests/index.js:2:23024)`\n\n\n","topic_id":87914},{"creator":{"public_name":"Aleksandr Litvinov","id":117182,"is_tutor":true},"id":176241,"body":"А нужна ли здесь точка с запятой? https://github.com/PeterChebanov/hexlet-assignments/blob/23afb822c866da806928e562d28d60d78ede7c47/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/stack_test.rb#L8","topic_id":87914},{"creator":{"public_name":"Petr Che","id":147023,"is_tutor":false},"id":176423,"body":"**Aleksandr Litvinov**, Добавил, но резульата это не поменяло. Я раз 6 не прошел проверку, пытаясь догадаться что не так, в конце концов скопировал весь код из подсказки, но все равно проверку не прохожу.. \n\nhttps://github.com/PeterChebanov/hexlet-assignments/tree/main/ruby-basics-ru/testing","topic_id":87914},{"creator":{"public_name":"Petr Che","id":147023,"is_tutor":false},"id":176085,"body":"Вот:\nhttps://github.com/PeterChebanov/hexlet-assignments/blob/main/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/stack_test.rb\n\nЗаранее, спасибо!","topic_id":87914},{"creator":{"public_name":"Aleksandr Litvinov","id":117182,"is_tutor":true},"id":176336,"body":"Посмотрите в Gemfile: https://github.com/PeterChebanov/hexlet-assignments/blob/764e066062a3d0b71ac5f59f8d266180a92d1867/ruby-basics-ru/testing/Gemfile#L6\n\nТут надо добавить нужную зависимость.","topic_id":87914},{"creator":{"public_name":"Petr Che","id":147023,"is_tutor":false},"id":176424,"body":"Спасибо за помощь! ","topic_id":87914},{"creator":{"public_name":"Aleksandr Litvinov","id":117182,"is_tutor":true},"id":176068,"body":"Пришлите, пожалуйста, ссылку на ваше решение, я попробую посмотреть и подсказать :)","topic_id":87914}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":90458,"title":"Здравствуйте. У меня почему то ругается на require/require_relative даже когда я запускаю изначальный stack_test.rb.\nИзначально я добавил гем minitest-power_assert в Gemfile в каталоге ~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing. И успешно выполнил команду gem install.\nСегодня еще раз выполнил истал уже из каталога test:\n(base) kisadm@lxmint:~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test$ gem install 'minitest-power_assert'\nSuccessfully installed minitest-power_assert-0.3.1\nParsing documentation for minitest-power_assert-0.3.1\nDone installing documentation for minitest-power_assert after 0 seconds\n1 gem installed\n\n(base) kisadm@lxmint:~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test$ ruby stack_test.rb \n<internal:/home/kisadm/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.2.2/lib/ruby/3.2.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:37:in `require': cannot load such file -- minitest/autorun (LoadError)\n\tfrom <internal:/home/kisadm/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.2.2/lib/ruby/3.2.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:37:in `require'\n\tfrom /home/kisadm/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/test_helper.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'\n\tfrom stack_test.rb:3:in `require_relative'\n\tfrom stack_test.rb:3:in `<main>'\nКуда копать?\n","plain_title":"Здравствуйте. У меня почему то ругается на require/requirerelative даже когда я запускаю изначальный stacktest.rb. Изначально я добавил гем minitest-powerassert в Gemfile в каталоге ~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing. И успешно выполнил команду gem install. Сегодня еще раз выполнил истал уже из каталога test: (base) kisadm@lxmint:~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test$ gem install 'minitest-powerassert' Successfully installed minitest-powerassert-0.3.1 Parsing documentation for minitest-powerassert-0.3.1 Done installing documentation for minitest-power_assert after 0 seconds 1 gem installed (base) kisadm@lxmint:~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test$ ruby stacktest.rb <internal:/home/kisadm/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.2.2/lib/ruby/3.2.0/rubygems/coreext/kernelrequire.rb>:37:in `require': cannot load such file -- minitest/autorun (LoadError) from <internal:/home/kisadm/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.2.2/lib/ruby/3.2.0/rubygems/coreext/kernelrequire.rb>:37:in `require' from /home/kisadm/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test/testhelper.rb:6:in <top (required)>' from stack_test.rb:3:inrequirerelative' from stacktest.rb:3:in `' Куда копать? ","creator":{"public_name":"Игорь Конст","id":665520,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Aleksandr Litvinov","id":117182,"is_tutor":true},"id":179496,"body":"Отлично, что разобрались :)","topic_id":90458},{"creator":{"public_name":"Игорь Конст","id":665520,"is_tutor":false},"id":179462,"body":"Вопрос решился. В задании было написано - \"Добавьте гем minitest-power_assert в Gemfile и установите его\". И я просто добавил строку 'minitest-power_assert', а надо было: gem 'minitest-power_assert'","topic_id":90458},{"creator":{"public_name":"Игорь Конст","id":665520,"is_tutor":false},"id":179459,"body":"А если запускать в irb - то все как бы хорошо (true).\n(base) kisadm@lxmint:~/Hexlet/hexlet-assignments/ruby-basics-ru/testing/test$ irb\nirb(main):001:0> require 'minitest'\n=> true\nirb(main):002:0> require 'minitest/autorun'\n=> true\nirb(main):003:0> require_relative 'test_helper'\n=> true\nirb(main):006:0> require_relative '../lib/stack'\n=> true\nirb(main):007:0> \n","topic_id":90458}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":91035,"title":"исходные файлы не проходят проверку рубокопом.","plain_title":"исходные файлы не проходят проверку рубокопом. ","creator":{"public_name":"Andrey Denisov","id":204640,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Nikolai Gagarinov","id":104929,"is_tutor":true},"id":180379,"body":"Добрый день.\n\nСпасибо, поправили.","topic_id":91035}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":93085,"title":"Со всем уважением, но в часов видео содержательной части на несколько абзацев, перепишите, пожалуйста, текстом, слишком дорого :) ","plain_title":"Со всем уважением, но в часов видео содержательной части на несколько абзацев, перепишите, пожалуйста, текстом, слишком дорого :) ","creator":{"public_name":"Evgeny Zhdanov","id":206231,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Maksim Litvinov","id":198906,"is_tutor":true},"id":183061,"body":"Приветствую, Евгений! Оформил вашу обратную связь в тикет. Подумаем, как это можно исправить","topic_id":93085}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":93806,"title":"Добрый день!\n\nНе получается инициализировать репозиторий по вашей инструкции. Выполняю команду из инструкции:\nhexlet assignments init \\\n --hexlet-token=VA067C_UPgv3pOi-d7PCRBEzEx8uzDWRDs55-9kZnEl1noXMTtuL_Xxa7-oScWqkZwEueg \\\n --github-token=<token from github>\n\nВместо <token from github> вставляю свежесгенерированый токен из тигхаба с нужными правами. Получаю ошибку Github token must have public_repo permission. При этом когда я генерировал свой токен, я ему эти разрешения выдал.\nЧто я делаю не так?\n\nС уважением, Андрей","plain_title":"Добрый день! Не получается инициализировать репозиторий по вашей инструкции. Выполняю команду из инструкции: hexlet assignments init \\ --hexlet-token=VA067CUPgv3pOi-d7PCRBEzEx8uzDWRDs55-9kZnEl1noXMTtuLXxa7-oScWqkZwEueg \\ --github-token= Вместо вставляю свежесгенерированый токен из тигхаба с нужными правами. Получаю ошибку Github token must have public_repo permission. При этом когда я генерировал свой токен, я ему эти разрешения выдал. Что я делаю не так? С уважением, Андрей ","creator":{"public_name":"Андрей","id":713480,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Maksim Litvinov","id":198906,"is_tutor":true},"id":183984,"body":"Андрей, проверьте, какой токен сгенерирован. Должен быть Personal access tokens (classic). Я бы порекомендовал весь процесс заново пройти, сгенерировать новый classic токен и проверить, что все нужные галочки на правах проставлены","topic_id":93806}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Тестирование","entity_url":null,"active":true}}],"lesson":{"exercise":{"id":4320,"slug":"ruby_basics_testing_exercise","name":null,"state":"active","kind":"exercise","language":"ruby","locale":"ru","has_web_view":false,"has_test_view":false,"reviewable":true,"readme":"Автоматизированное тестирование — неотъемлемая часть процесса программирования в профессиональной среде. Тесты — единственный надёжный способ убедиться в работоспособности кода. Они не избавляют от багов, но позволяют держать их количество на приемлемом уровне. Тесты дают уверенность, что изменения в одной части системы не сломали другие части.\n\nСтек (англ. stack — стопка; читается стэк) — абстрактный тип данных, представляющий собой список элементов, организованных по принципу LIFO (англ. last in — first out, «последним пришёл — первым вышел»).\n\n```ruby\nstack = Stack.new\nstack.to_a # []\nstack.empty? # true\nstack.size # 0\n\nstack.push! 'ruby'\nstack.push! 'php'\nstack.push! 'java'\nstack.to_a # ['ruby', 'php', 'java']\nstack.size # 3\nstack.empty? # false\n\nstack.pop!\nstack.to_a # ['ruby', 'php']\nstack.size # 2\n\nstack.clear!\nstack.to_a # []\nstack.empty? # true\n```\n\n### test/stack_test.rb\n\nНапишите тесты для реализации стека. Должны быть протестированы методы:\n\n* добавления элемента\n* удаления элемента\n* очистки стека\n* проверки стека на пустоту\n\nИспользуйте *PowerAssert* утверждений.\n\n## Подсказки\n\n* Что такое Stack: [Stack](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA)\n","prepared_readme":"Автоматизированное тестирование — неотъемлемая часть процесса программирования в профессиональной среде. Тесты — единственный надёжный способ убедиться в работоспособности кода. Они не избавляют от багов, но позволяют держать их количество на приемлемом уровне. Тесты дают уверенность, что изменения в одной части системы не сломали другие части.\n\nСтек (англ. stack — стопка; читается стэк) — абстрактный тип данных, представляющий собой список элементов, организованных по принципу LIFO (англ. last in — first out, «последним пришёл — первым вышел»).\n\n```ruby\nstack = Stack.new\nstack.to_a # []\nstack.empty? # true\nstack.size # 0\n\nstack.push! 'ruby'\nstack.push! 'php'\nstack.push! 'java'\nstack.to_a # ['ruby', 'php', 'java']\nstack.size # 3\nstack.empty? # false\n\nstack.pop!\nstack.to_a # ['ruby', 'php']\nstack.size # 2\n\nstack.clear!\nstack.to_a # []\nstack.empty? # true\n```\n\n### test/stack_test.rb\n\nНапишите тесты для реализации стека. Должны быть протестированы методы:\n\n* добавления элемента\n* удаления элемента\n* очистки стека\n* проверки стека на пустоту\n\nИспользуйте *PowerAssert* утверждений.\n\n## Подсказки\n\n* Что такое Stack: [Stack](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA)\n","has_solution":true,"entity_name":"Тестирование"},"units":[{"id":4538,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/testing/theory_unit"},{"id":13319,"name":"quiz","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/testing/quiz_unit"},{"id":14516,"name":"exercise","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/testing/exercise_unit"}],"links":[{"id":425595,"name":"Minitest","url":"http://docs.seattlerb.org/minitest/"},{"id":425596,"name":"Начинаем писать тесты (правильно)","url":"https://ru.hexlet.io/blog/posts/how-to-test-code"},{"id":425597,"name":"Реализация Power Assert для Minitest","url":"https://github.com/hsbt/minitest-power_assert"}],"ordered_units":[{"id":4538,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/testing/theory_unit"},{"id":13319,"name":"quiz","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/testing/quiz_unit"},{"id":14516,"name":"exercise","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/testing/exercise_unit"}],"id":2014,"slug":"testing","state":"approved","name":"Тестирование","course_order":9500,"goal":"Знакомимся с тестированием и подходами к тестированию кода в Ruby","self_study":"* Создайте репозиторий *ruby-testing*.\n\n* Добавьте в *Gemfile* гемы `minitest`, `minitest-power_assert` в Gemfile и установите его:\n ```ruby\n gem install 'minitest-power_assert'\n ```\n\n* Напишите тесты для функции нахождения суммы четных чисел\n ```ruby\n # sum_even.rb\n\n def sum_even(numbers)\n raise ArgumentError, 'Input must be an array' unless numbers.is_a?(Array)\n numbers.select { |n| n.is_a?(Integer) && n.even? }.sum\n end\n\n sum_even([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) # 2 + 4 + 6 = 12\n sum_even([1, 3, 5]) # Нет четных чисел\n sum_even([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8]) # 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 = 20\n sum_even([1, 2, 'three', 4, nil, 6]) # 2 + 4 + 6 = 12\n ```\n","theory_video_provider":"vimeo","theory_video_uid":"564583334","theory":"\nЧто сегодня узнаем?\n\n* Зачем нужны тесты?\n* Как тестировать код в Ruby?\n* Структура тестов\n* Вспомогательные инструменты\n\nЗачем тестировать?\n\n* Убедиться, что новый функционал не ломает старый\n* Выявить баги на этапе деплоя, а не в проде\n* Для согласованной работы команды разработчиков\n* Выявить неправильную архитектуру\n\n\nВиды тестирования\n\n* Блочное\n* Интеграционное\n* Системное\n\nСтруктура теста\n\n* Начальные условия\n* Ожидаемый результат\n* Проверка результата\n\n\n## Minitest\n\nПример теста на Minitest:\n\n```ruby\nrequire 'minitest/autorun'\n\ndef greeting(name)\n \"Hello, #{name}!\"\nend\n\nclass MyTest < Minitest::Test\n def setup; end\n\n def teardown; end\n\n def test_if_dummy_method_returns_true\n name = 'Bob'\n expected_greeting = 'Hello, Bob!'\n assert(greeting(name) == expected_greeting)\n end\nend\n\n\nclass MyTest < Minitest::Test\n def test_one\n assert true\n end\n\n def test_two\n refute false\n end\n\n def test_three\n refute false\n assert false\n end\n\n def test_flaky\n assert [false, true].sample\n end\n\n def test_for_procrastinators\n skip \"i'll do it later\"\n end\nend\n```\n\n\n## Assertions\n\n```ruby\ndescribe \"Assertions\" do\n it 'should be true' do\n var = true\n assert var\n end\n\n it 'should be false' do\n var = false\n refute var\n end\n\n it 'should be equal' do\n var = 2\n assert_equal var, 2\n end\n\n it 'should be nil' do\n assert_nil nil\n end\n\n it 'should be empty' do\n assert_empty []\n assert_empty ''\n assert_empty({})\n end\n\n it 'matches regexp' do\n assert_match(/\\w+/, \"some string\")\n end\n\n it 'should include value' do\n assert_includes(0..10, 10)\n end\n\n it 'should throw a symbol' do\n assert_throws :symbol do\n return :symbol\n end\n end\n\n it 'should be instance of' do\n assert_instance_of Array, []\n end\n\n it 'should be descendant of Enumerable' do\n assert_kind_of Enumerable, Array.new\n assert_kind_of Enumerable, Range.new(0, 10)\n assert_kind_of Enumerable, Hash.new\n end\n\n it 'should be descendant of Enumerable' do\n [Array.new, Range.new(0, 10), Hash.new].each do |instance|\n assert_kind_of Enumerable, instance\n end\n end\nend\n```\n\n## Expectation\n\n```ruby\ndescribe \"Expection\" do\n it 'should be true' do\n var = true\n _(var).must_equal true\n end\n\n it 'should be false' do\n var = false\n _(var).must_equal false\n end\n\n it 'should be equal' do\n var = 2\n _(var).must_equal 2\n end\n\n it 'should be nil' do\n _(nil).must_be_nil\n end\n\n it 'should be empty' do\n _([]).must_be_empty\n _('').must_be_empty\n _({}).must_be_empty\n end\n\n it 'matches regexp' do\n _(\"some string\").must_match(/\\w+/)\n end\n\n it 'should include value' do\n _(0..10).must_include 10\n _(0...10).wont_include 10\n end\n\n it 'should throw a symbol' do\n _ { return :symbol }.must_throw :symbol\n end\n\n it 'should not be instance of' do\n _([]).wont_be_instance_of Hash\n end\n\n it 'should not be descendant of Comparable' do\n [Array.new, Range.new(0, 10), Hash.new].each do |instance|\n _(instance).wont_be_kind_of(Comparable)\n end\n end\nend\n```\n\n## Хуки\n\n```ruby\nclass MyTest < Minitest::Test\n\n def before_setup\n puts 'a'\n end\n\n def setup\n puts 'b'\n end\n\n def after_setup\n puts 'c'\n end\n\n def before_teardown\n puts 'd'\n end\n\n def teardown\n puts 'e'\n end\n\n def after_teardown\n puts 'f'\n end\n\n def test_assert\n assert true\n end\nend\n\ndescribe \"My Test\" do\n before do\n puts '1'\n end\n before :setup do\n puts '2'\n end\n\n after do\n puts '3'\n end\n\n it 'test' do\n assert true\n end\nend\n```\n\n## Запуск тестов\n\n```bash\n## Обычный запуск тестов\nruby example_test.rb\n\n## Запуск с детальным логирование выполнения\nruby example_test.rb -v\n\n## Запуск с паттерном названия метода\nruby example_test.rb -n test_one\n\n## Запуск с исключающим паттерном названия метода\nruby example_test.rb -e test_one\n\n## Запуск с детерминированным сидом для псевдослучайного генератора\nruby example_test.rb -s 10000\n```\n"},"lessonMember":null,"courseMember":null,"course":{"start_lesson":{"exercise":null,"units":[{"id":7191,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/intro/theory_unit"}],"links":[],"ordered_units":[{"id":7191,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/ruby-basics/lessons/intro/theory_unit"}],"id":3209,"slug":"intro","state":"approved","name":"Введение","course_order":50,"goal":"Знакомимся с курсом","self_study":null,"theory_video_provider":null,"theory_video_uid":null,"theory":"Ruby — язык, созданный для того, чтобы программисты были счастливы. 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Также в нем объясняются такие вещи, как особенности самого Ruby, его отличия от других языков, рассказывается о функциональном программировании, тестировании, метапрограммировании и многом другом.\n\nЦели данного курса:\n\n* Познакомиться с основными конструкциями языка\n* Научиться работать в среде Хекслета, разобраться со структурой практических заданий\n* Познакомиться с отладкой и научиться эффективно ее выполнять\n"},"id":232,"slug":"ruby-basics","challenges_count":10,"name":"Ruby","allow_indexing":true,"state":"approved","course_state":"finished","pricing_type":"paid","description":"На этом курсе вы изучите основы языка Ruby. Вы познакомитесь с экосистемой Ruby, ключевыми возможностями языка, а также узнаете о объектно-ориентированном программировании и метапрограммировании. В итоге научитесь использовать и определять функции, писать несложные программы, искать и анализировать ошибки в коде. 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0.05);--mantine-color-teal-filled: var(--mantine-color-teal-5);--mantine-color-teal-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-teal-6);--mantine-color-teal-light: rgba(99, 230, 190, 0.15);--mantine-color-teal-light-hover: rgba(99, 230, 190, 0.2);--mantine-color-teal-light-color: var(--mantine-color-teal-0);--mantine-color-teal-outline: var(--mantine-color-teal-1);--mantine-color-teal-outline-hover: rgba(195, 250, 232, 0.05);--mantine-color-green-filled: var(--mantine-color-green-5);--mantine-color-green-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-green-6);--mantine-color-green-light: rgba(134, 223, 148, 0.15);--mantine-color-green-light-hover: rgba(134, 223, 148, 0.2);--mantine-color-green-light-color: var(--mantine-color-green-0);--mantine-color-green-outline: var(--mantine-color-green-1);--mantine-color-green-outline-hover: rgba(215, 246, 220, 0.05);--mantine-color-lime-filled: var(--mantine-color-lime-5);--mantine-color-lime-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-lime-6);--mantine-color-lime-light: rgba(192, 235, 117, 0.15);--mantine-color-lime-light-hover: rgba(192, 235, 117, 0.2);--mantine-color-lime-light-color: var(--mantine-color-lime-0);--mantine-color-lime-outline: var(--mantine-color-lime-1);--mantine-color-lime-outline-hover: rgba(233, 250, 200, 0.05);--mantine-color-yellow-filled: var(--mantine-color-yellow-5);--mantine-color-yellow-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-yellow-6);--mantine-color-yellow-light: rgba(255, 201, 102, 0.15);--mantine-color-yellow-light-hover: rgba(255, 201, 102, 0.2);--mantine-color-yellow-light-color: var(--mantine-color-yellow-0);--mantine-color-yellow-outline: var(--mantine-color-yellow-1);--mantine-color-yellow-outline-hover: rgba(255, 238, 205, 0.05);--mantine-color-orange-filled: var(--mantine-color-orange-5);--mantine-color-orange-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-orange-6);--mantine-color-orange-light: rgba(255, 192, 120, 0.15);--mantine-color-orange-light-hover: rgba(255, 192, 120, 0.2);--mantine-color-orange-light-color: var(--mantine-color-orange-0);--mantine-color-orange-outline: var(--mantine-color-orange-1);--mantine-color-orange-outline-hover: rgba(255, 232, 204, 0.05);--app-cta-gradient: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-9) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-7) 100%);--app-color-surface: #2e2e2e;}
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{.mantine-hidden-from-lg {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 87.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-xl {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 88em) {.mantine-hidden-from-xl {display: none !important;}}</style><div style="position:absolute;top:0rem" class=""></div><div style="max-width:var(--container-size-xl);height:100%;min-height:0rem" class=""><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_5ub_{--grid-gutter:0rem;}</style><div style="height:100%;min-height:0rem" class="m_410352e9 mantine-Grid-root __m__-_R_5ub_"><div class="m_dee7bd2f mantine-Grid-inner" style="height:100%"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_rdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:91.66666666666667%;--col-max-width:91.66666666666667%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_rdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:83.33333333333334%;--col-max-width:83.33333333333334%;}}</style><div style="min-width:0rem;height:100%;min-height:0rem;display:flex" class="m_96bdd299 mantine-Grid-col __m__-_R_rdub_"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{margin-top:0rem;padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);width:100%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);width:80%;}}@media(min-width: 62em){.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);}}</style><div style="margin-inline:auto;max-width:var(--mantine-breakpoint-xl)" class="__m__-_R_6qrdub_"><div style="color:var(--mantine-color-dimmed)" class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root" data-inline="true"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;margin-inline-end:calc(0.125rem * var(--mantine-scale));color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-lock "><path d="M5 13a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h10a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-10a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2v-6"></path><path d="M11 16a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 0 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M8 11v-4a4 4 0 1 1 8 0v4"></path></svg></div><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Ruby</p></div><h1 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h1-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h1-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h1-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="1">Теория: Тестирование</h1><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"LearningResource","name":"Тестирование","inLanguage":"ru","isPartOf":{"@type":"LearningResource","name":"Ruby"},"isAccessibleForFree":"False","hasPart":{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":"False","cssSelector":".paywalled"}}</script><div class=""><div style="--alert-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-lg)" class="m_66836ed3 mantine-Alert-root" id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_" role="alert" aria-describedby="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" aria-labelledby="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title"><div class="m_a5d60502 mantine-Alert-wrapper"><div class="m_667f2a6a mantine-Alert-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-rocket "><path d="M4 13a8 8 0 0 1 7 7a6 6 0 0 0 3 -5a9 9 0 0 0 6 -8a3 3 0 0 0 -3 -3a9 9 0 0 0 -8 6a6 6 0 0 0 -5 3"></path><path d="M7 14a6 6 0 0 0 -3 6a6 6 0 0 0 6 -3"></path><path d="M14 9a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 1 0 -2 0"></path></svg></div><div class="m_667c2793 mantine-Alert-body"><div class="m_6a03f287 mantine-Alert-title"><span id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title" class="m_698f4f23 mantine-Alert-label">Полный доступ к материалам</span></div><div id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" class="m_7fa78076 mantine-Alert-message"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Зарегистрируйтесь и получите доступ к этому и десяткам других курсов</p><a style="--button-height:var(--button-height-xs);--button-padding-x:var(--button-padding-x-xs);--button-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-xs);--button-bg:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-hover:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-color:var(--mantine-color-white);--button-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_77c9d27d mantine-Button-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="gradient" data-size="xs" href="/u/new"><span class="m_80f1301b mantine-Button-inner"><span class="m_811560b9 mantine-Button-label">Зарегистрироваться</span></span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="paywalled m_d08caa0 mantine-Typography-root"><p>Что сегодня узнаем?</p>
<ul>
<li>Зачем нужны тесты?</li>
<li>Как тестировать код в Ruby?</li>
<li>Структура тестов</li>
<li>Вспомогательные инструменты</li>
</ul>
<p>Зачем тестировать?</p>
<ul>
<li>Убедиться, что новый функционал не ломает старый</li>
<li>Выявить баги на этапе деплоя, а не в проде</li>
<li>Для согласованной работы команды разработчиков</li>
<li>Выявить неправильную архитектуру</li>
</ul>
<p>Виды тестирования</p>
<ul>
<li>Блочное</li>
<li>Интеграционное</li>
<li>Системное</li>
</ul>
<p>Структура теста</p>
<ul>
<li>Начальные условия</li>
<li>Ожидаемый результат</li>
<li>Проверка результата</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="heading-2-1">Minitest</h2>
<p>Пример теста на Minitest:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">require 'minitest/autorun'
def greeting(name)
"Hello, #{name}!"
end
class MyTest < Minitest::Test
def setup; end
def teardown; end
def test_if_dummy_method_returns_true
name = 'Bob'
expected_greeting = 'Hello, Bob!'
assert(greeting(name) == expected_greeting)
end
end
class MyTest < Minitest::Test
def test_one
assert true
end
def test_two
refute false
end
def test_three
refute false
assert false
end
def test_flaky
assert [false, true].sample
end
def test_for_procrastinators
skip "i'll do it later"
end
end</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<h2 id="heading-2-2">Assertions</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">describe "Assertions" do
it 'should be true' do
var = true
assert var
end
it 'should be false' do
var = false
refute var
end
it 'should be equal' do
var = 2
assert_equal var, 2
end
it 'should be nil' do
assert_nil nil
end
it 'should be empty' do
assert_empty []
assert_empty ''
assert_empty({})
end
it 'matches regexp' do
assert_match(/\w+/, "some string")
end
it 'should include value' do
assert_includes(0..10, 10)
end
it 'should throw a symbol' do
assert_throws :symbol do
return :symbol
end
end
it 'should be instance of' do
assert_instance_of Array, []
end
it 'should be descendant of Enumerable' do
assert_kind_of Enumerable, Array.new
assert_kind_of Enumerable, Range.new(0, 10)
assert_kind_of Enumerable, Hash.new
end
it 'should be descendant of Enumerable' do
[Array.new, Range.new(0, 10), Hash.new].each do |instance|
assert_kind_of Enumerable, instance
end
end
end</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<h2 id="heading-2-3">Expectation</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">describe "Expection" do
it 'should be true' do
var = true
_(var).must_equal true
end
it 'should be false' do
var = false
_(var).must_equal false
end
it 'should be equal' do
var = 2
_(var).must_equal 2
end
it 'should be nil' do
_(nil).must_be_nil
end
it 'should be empty' do
_([]).must_be_empty
_('').must_be_empty
_({}).must_be_empty
end
it 'matches regexp' do
_("some string").must_match(/\w+/)
end
it 'should include value' do
_(0..10).must_include 10
_(0...10).wont_include 10
end
it 'should throw a symbol' do
_ { return :symbol }.must_throw :symbol
end
it 'should not be instance of' do
_([]).wont_be_instance_of Hash
end
it 'should not be descendant of Comparable' do
[Array.new, Range.new(0, 10), Hash.new].each do |instance|
_(instance).wont_be_kind_of(Comparable)
end
end
end</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<h2 id="heading-2-4">Хуки</h2>
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def before_setup
puts 'a'
end
def setup
puts 'b'
end
def after_setup
puts 'c'
end
def before_teardown
puts 'd'
end
def teardown
puts 'e'
end
def after_teardown
puts 'f'
end
def test_assert
assert true
end
end
describe "My Test" do
before do
puts '1'
end
before :setup do
puts '2'
end
after do
puts '3'
end
it 'test' do
assert true
end
end</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<h2 id="heading-2-5">Запуск тестов</h2>
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ruby example_test.rb
## Запуск с детальным логирование выполнения
ruby example_test.rb -v
## Запуск с паттерном названия метода
ruby example_test.rb -n test_one
## Запуск с исключающим паттерном названия метода
ruby example_test.rb -e test_one
## Запуск с детерминированным сидом для псевдослучайного генератора
ruby example_test.rb -s 10000</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div></div><div style="margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class=""><h2 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h2-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h2-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h2-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-md)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="2">Рекомендуемые программы</h2><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_2mremqrdub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);--carousel-slide-size:70%;}@media(min-width: 36em){.__m__-_R_2mremqrdub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);--carousel-slide-size:50%;}}</style><div style="--carousel-control-size:calc(2.5rem * 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