1 # Scaffold генерирует в контроллерах методы, которые работают с несколькими форматами class BooksController < ApplicationController before_action :set_book, only: %i[ show edit update destroy ] # Также как с шаблонами, ищется во вью файл для показа в нужном формате (html, json) # GET /books or /books.json def index @books = Book.all end # GET /books/1 or /books/1.json def show end # GET /books/new def new @book = Book.new end # GET /books/1/edit def edit end # POST /books or /books.json def create @book = Book.new(book_params) respond_to do |format| if @book.save format.html { redirect_to @book, notice: "Book was successfully created." } format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @book } else format.html { render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity } format.json { render json: @book.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } end end end # PATCH/PUT /books/1 or /books/1.json def update respond_to do |format| if @book.update(book_params) format.html { redirect_to @book, notice: "Book was successfully updated." } format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @book } else format.html { render :edit, status: :unprocessable_entity } format.json { render json: @book.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } end end end # DELETE /books/1 or /books/1.json def destroy @book.destroy respond_to do |format| format.html { redirect_to books_url, notice: "Book was successfully destroyed." } format.json { head :no_content } end end private # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions. def set_book @book = Book.find(params[:id]) end # Only allow a list of trusted parameters through. def book_params params.require(:book).permit(:title) end end class BooksController < ApplicationController before_action :set_book, only: %i[ show edit update destroy ] # GET /books or /books.json def index @books = Book.all # respond_to переопределяет стандартное поведение # запрос к /books.json выводит {"hi": "books"} # https://apidock.com/rails/ActionController/MimeResponds/InstanceMethods/respond_to respond_to do |format| format.html do redirect_to root_path end format.json do render json: { hi: 'Books' } end end end end # format приходит в переменную params # {"controller":"books","action":"index","format":"json"} # bin/rails routes -g books # Prefix Verb URI Pattern Controller#Action # books GET /books(.:format) books#index # POST /books(.:format) books#create # new_book GET /books/new(.:format) books#new # edit_book GET /books/:id/edit(.:format) books#edit # book GET /books/:id(.:format) books#show # PATCH /books/:id(.:format) books#update # PUT /books/:id(.:format) books#update # DELETE /books/:id(.:format) books#destroy class BooksController < ApplicationController before_action :set_book, only: %i[ show edit update destroy ] # GET /books or /books.json def index # метод принимает только запросы вида /books.json и отвечает только в json respond_to :json @books = Book.all end end class BooksController < ApplicationController before_action :set_book, only: %i[ show edit update destroy ] def show respond_to do |format| format.html { redirect_to root_path } # При преобразовании вызывается метод to_json() # https://apidock.com/rails/ActiveRecord/Serialization/to_json format.json { render json: @book.to_json, root: true } # root: true кладет сущность в под ключем # => {"book":{"id":1,"title":"example","created_at":"2021-11-10T11:57:36.381Z","updated_at":"2021-11-10T11:57:36.381Z"}} end end end class BooksController < ApplicationController # GET /books/1 or /books/1.json def show respond_to :json # as_json позволяет выводить только определенные поля render json: @book.as_json( root: true, only: :title ) # => {"book":{"title":"example"}} end end Rails.application.routes.draw do resources :books # api логика лежит отдельно namespace :api do # изолируем изменения на каждой версии api namespace :v1 do resources :books end end end # api_v1_books GET /api/v1/books(.:format) api/v1/books#index # POST /api/v1/books(.:format) api/v1/books#create # new_api_v1_book GET /api/v1/books/new(.:format) api/v1/books#new # edit_api_v1_book GET /api/v1/books/:id/edit(.:format) api/v1/books#edit # api_v1_book GET /api/v1/books/:id(.:format) api/v1/books#show # PATCH /api/v1/books/:id(.:format) api/v1/books#update # PUT /api/v1/books/:id(.:format) api/v1/books#update # DELETE /api/v1/books/:id(.:format) api/v1/books#destroy # app/controllers/api/application_controller.rb # Работает для всех версий # Перед этим необходимо подключить гем gem "responders" class Api::ApplicationController < ApplicationController respond_to :json end # app/controllers/api/v1/application_controller.rb class Api::V1::ApplicationController < Api::ApplicationController end # app/controllers/api/v1/books_controller.rb class Api::V1::BooksController < Api::V1::ApplicationController # /api/v1/books.json def index @books = Books.all # Без гема responders выглядело бы так # render json: @books.as_json(only: :title) respond_with @books.as_json(only: :title) end end class Api::V1::BooksControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest setup do @book = books(:one) end test 'should get api index' do get api_books_url(format: :json) assert_response :success end test 'should get api show' do get api_book_url(@book, format: :json) assert_response :success end end