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Просто через проверку на то, являются ли переданные данные экземпляром https://ru.hexlet.io/code_reviews/1363853","plain_title":"Получилось решить без приватных полей. Просто через проверку на то, являются ли переданные данные экземпляром https://ru.hexlet.io/code_reviews/1363853 ","creator":{"public_name":"Gennadiy zadorozhnyi","id":404267,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Olga Pejenkova","id":364375,"is_tutor":true},"id":189480,"body":"**jarvisweb**, \n\nспасибо, что обратили внимание на этот момент. Создала тикет, подумаем, как добавить проверку приватности поля.","topic_id":98215}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Классы как типы","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":100617,"title":"Почему вы не добавите к практике урока ссылку на Перегрузка конструктора - https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/classes.html#constructors как вы это сделали в на code-basics?","plain_title":"Почему вы не добавите к практике урока ссылку на Перегрузка конструктора - https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/classes.html#constructors как вы это сделали в на code-basics? ","creator":{"public_name":"Михаил Колотович","id":178518,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Elena Gromova","id":548102,"is_tutor":true},"id":192350,"body":"**Mihail Kolotovich**, добрый день! Добавили","topic_id":100617}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Классы как типы","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":103487,"title":"Что-то я здесь не пойму как можно проверить является ли фаил копией если у меня нет доступа к этому файлу.","plain_title":"Что-то я здесь не пойму как можно проверить является ли фаил копией если у меня нет доступа к этому файлу. ","creator":{"public_name":"Даниил Тиньков","id":276091,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Иван Христенко","id":412474,"is_tutor":false},"id":196081,"body":"поробуй догадайся до такого ...(","topic_id":103487},{"creator":{"public_name":"Ivan Gagarinov","id":75907,"is_tutor":true},"id":195945,"body":"**Даниил Тиньков**, в примерах есть передача файла в конструктор. Нужно добавить проверку, что если передаваемые данные являются инстансом класса, то значит создается копия. ","topic_id":103487}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Классы как типы","entity_url":null,"active":true}},{"id":104912,"title":"Для чего в решении перед конструктором указывается 'private isCopy: boolean'? Зачем приватность? Для чего она вообще используется? Решение ведь проходит и без нее","plain_title":"Для чего в решении перед конструктором указывается 'private isCopy: boolean'? Зачем приватность? Для чего она вообще используется? Решение ведь проходит и без нее ","creator":{"public_name":"Дарья Литвинова","id":777224,"is_tutor":false},"comments":[{"creator":{"public_name":"Elena Gromova","id":548102,"is_tutor":true},"id":197508,"body":"**Дарья Литвинова**, модификатор доступа `private` ограничивает доступ к свойству `isCopy` только внутри класса. Это помогает контролировать, кто и как может менять состояние объекта. Без `private` код тоже будет работать, но использование приватности – это хорошая практика инкапсуляции, которая защищает внутренние детали реализации класса от внешнего вмешательства.","topic_id":104912}],"communitable":{"parent_entity_name":null,"parent_entity_url":null,"entity_name":"Классы как типы","entity_url":null,"active":true}}],"lesson":{"exercise":{"id":2531,"slug":"typescript_basics_class_as_types","name":null,"state":"active","kind":"exercise","language":"javascript","locale":"ru","has_web_view":false,"has_test_view":false,"reviewable":true,"readme":"## solution.ts\n\nРеализуйте класс `File`, в конструктор которого передается имя файла и размер в байтах или другой файл. Внутри класса определите метод `toString()`, который должен вернуть форматированную строку в формате `(copy) <file-name> (<size> bytes)`. `(copy)` должно выводиться только в случае, если файл является копией другого файла.\n\n```typescript\nconst file1 = new File({ name: 'open-world.jpeg', size: 1000 });\nconsole.log(`${file1}`); // open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n\nconst file2 = new File(file1);\nconsole.log(`${file2}`); // (copy) open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n\nconst file3 = new File(file2);\nconsole.log(`${file3}`); // (copy) open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n```\n\n### Подсказки\n\n* Проверку на копию можно сделать через проверку типа переданного в конструктор объекта\n","prepared_readme":"## solution.ts\n\nРеализуйте класс `File`, в конструктор которого передается имя файла и размер в байтах или другой файл. Внутри класса определите метод `toString()`, который должен вернуть форматированную строку в формате `(copy) <file-name> (<size> bytes)`. `(copy)` должно выводиться только в случае, если файл является копией другого файла.\n\n```typescript\nconst file1 = new File({ name: 'open-world.jpeg', size: 1000 });\nconsole.log(`${file1}`); // open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n\nconst file2 = new File(file1);\nconsole.log(`${file2}`); // (copy) open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n\nconst file3 = new File(file2);\nconsole.log(`${file3}`); // (copy) open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n```\n\n### Подсказки\n\n* Проверку на копию можно сделать через проверку типа переданного в конструктор объекта\n","has_solution":true,"entity_name":"Классы как типы"},"units":[{"id":10469,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-as-types/theory_unit"},{"id":10470,"name":"quiz","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-as-types/quiz_unit"},{"id":10509,"name":"exercise","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-as-types/exercise_unit"}],"links":[{"id":428958,"name":"Перегрузка конструктора","url":"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/classes.html#constructors\n"}],"ordered_units":[{"id":10469,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-as-types/theory_unit"},{"id":10470,"name":"quiz","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-as-types/quiz_unit"},{"id":10509,"name":"exercise","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-as-types/exercise_unit"}],"id":4469,"slug":"class-as-types","state":"approved","name":"Классы как типы","course_order":120,"goal":"Учимся использовать классы как типы","self_study":null,"theory_video_provider":null,"theory_video_uid":null,"theory":"Классы в TypeScript являются одновременно значением и типом данных. Второе особенно важно в контексте типизации функций и методов, что мы и изучим в этом уроке.\n\nРассмотрим следующий пример:\n\n```typescript\nclass Point {\n x: number\n\n y: number\n\n constructor(x: number, y: number) {\n this.x = x\n this.y = y\n }\n}\n\nfunction isEqual(p1: Point, p2: Point): boolean {\n return p1.x === p2.x && p1.y === p2.y\n}\n```\n\nЗдесь функция `isEqual()` принимает два аргумента типа `Point`. И хоть мы используем в качестве типа класс `Point`, но передавать в функции мы можем любые объекты с полями `x` и `y`:\n\n```typescript\nisEqual({ x: 1, y: 2 }, { x: 1, y: 2 }) // true\n```\n\nТакое поведение обусловлено структурной типизацией. При сравнении типов TypeScript сравнивает их структуру, а не имена. На практике это упрощает работу с внешними библиотеками и заглушками для тестирования.\n\nTypeScript будет явно требовать экземпляр класса, если у него есть приватные поля:\n\n```typescript\nclass Point {\n private x: number\n\n private y: number\n\n constructor(x: number, y: number) {\n this.x = x\n this.y = y\n }\n\n isEqual(p2: Point): boolean {\n return this.x === p2.x && this.y === p2.y\n }\n}\n\nconst point = new Point(1, 2)\npoint.isEqual(new Point(10, 1)) // true\npoint.isEqual({ x: 1, y: 2 }) // Error: Argument of type '{ x: number; y: number; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'Point'.\n````\n"},"lessonMember":null,"courseMember":null,"course":{"start_lesson":{"exercise":{"id":2533,"slug":"typescript_basics_class_fields","name":null,"state":"active","kind":"exercise","language":"javascript","locale":"ru","has_web_view":false,"has_test_view":false,"reviewable":true,"readme":"## solution.ts\n\nРеализуйте класс `File`, в конструктор которого передается объект с полями: `name` - именем файла и `size` - размером в байтах. Внутри класса определите метод `toString()`, который должен вернуть форматированную строку в формате `<file-name> (<size> bytes)`.\n\n```typescript\nconst file = new File({ name: 'open-world.jpeg', size: 1000 });\nconsole.log(file); // open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n```\n","prepared_readme":"## solution.ts\n\nРеализуйте класс `File`, в конструктор которого передается объект с полями: `name` - именем файла и `size` - размером в байтах. Внутри класса определите метод `toString()`, который должен вернуть форматированную строку в формате `<file-name> (<size> bytes)`.\n\n```typescript\nconst file = new File({ name: 'open-world.jpeg', size: 1000 });\nconsole.log(file); // open-world.jpeg (1000 bytes)\n```\n","has_solution":true,"entity_name":"Классы"},"units":[{"id":10467,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-fields/theory_unit"},{"id":10468,"name":"quiz","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-fields/quiz_unit"},{"id":10508,"name":"exercise","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-fields/exercise_unit"}],"links":[],"ordered_units":[{"id":10467,"name":"theory","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-fields/theory_unit"},{"id":10468,"name":"quiz","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-fields/quiz_unit"},{"id":10508,"name":"exercise","url":"/courses/typescript-advanced/lessons/class-fields/exercise_unit"}],"id":4468,"slug":"class-fields","state":"approved","name":"Классы","course_order":110,"goal":"Знакомимся с классами в TypeScript","self_study":null,"theory_video_provider":null,"theory_video_uid":null,"theory":"Типизация классов в TypeScript добавляет новый синтаксис определения классов, которого нет в JavaScript. Этот синтаксис существует только на уровне проверки типов. В результирующем коде он вырезается или заменяется. В этом уроке мы изучим реализацию таких классов.\n\n## Определение полей внутри класса\n\nНачнем с примера. Посмотрите на этот класс:\n\n```typescript\nclass Point {\n x: number\n\n y: number\n\n constructor(x: number, y: number) {\n this.x = x\n this.y = y\n }\n}\n\nconst p = new Point(10, 20)\nconsole.log(p) // { x: 10, y: 20 }\n```\n\nЗдесь мы видим новый синтаксис, который описывает поля класса: `x` и `y`. Их описание обязательно, потому что классы — это функции-конструкторы, а функции в TypeScript являются объектами.\n\nОпределение полей внутри класса появилось в JavaScript, начиная со стандарта es2022. Перед тем как двигаться дальше, разберемся с понятием «поле класса».\n\n## Поле класса\n\nОбычно в JavaScript все называют свойствами. А слово «поле» используют как синоним те, кто пришел из других языков. Но это не одно и тоже. Внутри класса мы определяем **поля** — это данные самого класса. А **свойство** — это то, с помощью чего мы взаимодействуем с объектом.\n\nЧасто свойства отображаются на поля напрямую, но так происходит не всегда. Например, свойство может быть геттером, который берет информацию из поля. Или свойство может быть сеттером, который устанавливает новое значение поля:\n\n```typescript\nclass Point {\n x: number\n\n y: number\n\n // Возвращаемый тип не указывается, потому что это конструктор\n constructor(x: number, y: number) {\n this.x = x\n this.y = y\n }\n\n get inspect(): string {\n return `(${this.x}, ${this.y})`\n }\n}\n\nconst p = new Point(2, 5)\n// Свойство есть, а поля такого нет\nconsole.log(p.inspect) // (2, 5)\n```\n\nПоля могут быть инициализированы сразу при определении класса. Это удобно, когда конструктор не нужен или данные не зависят от его вызова — задаются статически внутри:\n\n```typescript\nclass Point {\n x = 0\n\n y = 0\n}\n\nconst p = new Point()\nconsole.log(p) // { x: 0, y: 0 }\n```\n\nКак и в случае обычных переменных, тип полей выводится автоматически во время их инициализации, поэтому указывать явный тип не обязательно.\n"},"id":384,"slug":"typescript-advanced","challenges_count":4,"name":"Продвинутый Typescript","allow_indexing":true,"state":"approved","course_state":"finished","pricing_type":"paid","description":"На этом курсе вы продолжите изучать Typescript. Вы узнаете о работе с классами, интерфейсами, познакомитесь с дженериками и узнаете, как типизировать объекты. В итоге вы научитесь писать более сложные программы на Typescript.","kind":"advanced","updated_at":"2026-02-26T17:30:37.064Z","language":"javascript","duration_cache":94740,"skills":["Создавать программы, используя продвинутые конструкции языка (классы, интерфейсы, дженерики, типизация)","Составлять программы, состоящие из нескольких модулей","Правильно анализировать ошибки в коде и пользоваться отладочной печатью при их 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{.mantine-hidden-from-lg {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 87.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-xl {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 88em) {.mantine-hidden-from-xl {display: none !important;}}</style><div style="position:absolute;top:0rem" class=""></div><div style="max-width:var(--container-size-xl);height:100%;min-height:0rem" class=""><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_5ub_{--grid-gutter:0rem;}</style><div style="height:100%;min-height:0rem" class="m_410352e9 mantine-Grid-root __m__-_R_5ub_"><div class="m_dee7bd2f mantine-Grid-inner" style="height:100%"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_rdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:91.66666666666667%;--col-max-width:91.66666666666667%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_rdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:83.33333333333334%;--col-max-width:83.33333333333334%;}}</style><div style="min-width:0rem;height:100%;min-height:0rem;display:flex" class="m_96bdd299 mantine-Grid-col __m__-_R_rdub_"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{margin-top:0rem;padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);width:100%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);width:80%;}}@media(min-width: 62em){.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);}}</style><div style="margin-inline:auto;max-width:var(--mantine-breakpoint-xl)" class="__m__-_R_6qrdub_"><div style="color:var(--mantine-color-dimmed)" class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root" data-inline="true"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;margin-inline-end:calc(0.125rem * var(--mantine-scale));color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-lock "><path d="M5 13a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h10a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-10a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2v-6"></path><path d="M11 16a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 0 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M8 11v-4a4 4 0 1 1 8 0v4"></path></svg></div><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Продвинутый Typescript</p></div><h1 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h1-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h1-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h1-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="1">Теория: Классы как типы</h1><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"LearningResource","name":"Классы как типы","inLanguage":"ru","isPartOf":{"@type":"LearningResource","name":"Продвинутый Typescript"},"isAccessibleForFree":"False","hasPart":{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":"False","cssSelector":".paywalled"}}</script><div class=""><div style="--alert-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-lg)" class="m_66836ed3 mantine-Alert-root" id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_" role="alert" aria-describedby="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" aria-labelledby="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title"><div class="m_a5d60502 mantine-Alert-wrapper"><div class="m_667f2a6a mantine-Alert-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-rocket "><path d="M4 13a8 8 0 0 1 7 7a6 6 0 0 0 3 -5a9 9 0 0 0 6 -8a3 3 0 0 0 -3 -3a9 9 0 0 0 -8 6a6 6 0 0 0 -5 3"></path><path d="M7 14a6 6 0 0 0 -3 6a6 6 0 0 0 6 -3"></path><path d="M14 9a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 1 0 -2 0"></path></svg></div><div class="m_667c2793 mantine-Alert-body"><div class="m_6a03f287 mantine-Alert-title"><span id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title" class="m_698f4f23 mantine-Alert-label">Полный доступ к материалам</span></div><div id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" class="m_7fa78076 mantine-Alert-message"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Зарегистрируйтесь и получите доступ к этому и десяткам других курсов</p><a style="--button-height:var(--button-height-xs);--button-padding-x:var(--button-padding-x-xs);--button-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-xs);--button-bg:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-hover:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-color:var(--mantine-color-white);--button-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_77c9d27d mantine-Button-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="gradient" data-size="xs" href="/u/new"><span class="m_80f1301b mantine-Button-inner"><span class="m_811560b9 mantine-Button-label">Зарегистрироваться</span></span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="paywalled m_d08caa0 mantine-Typography-root"><p>Классы в TypeScript являются одновременно значением и типом данных. Второе особенно важно в контексте типизации функций и методов, что мы и изучим в этом уроке.</p>
<p>Рассмотрим следующий пример:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">class Point {
x: number
y: number
constructor(x: number, y: number) {
this.x = x
this.y = y
}
}
function isEqual(p1: Point, p2: Point): boolean {
return p1.x === p2.x && p1.y === p2.y
}</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>Здесь функция <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">isEqual()</code> принимает два аргумента типа <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">Point</code>. И хоть мы используем в качестве типа класс <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">Point</code>, но передавать в функции мы можем любые объекты с полями <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">x</code> и <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">y</code>:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">isEqual({ x: 1, y: 2 }, { x: 1, y: 2 }) // true</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
<p>Такое поведение обусловлено структурной типизацией. При сравнении типов TypeScript сравнивает их структуру, а не имена. На практике это упрощает работу с внешними библиотеками и заглушками для тестирования.</p>
<p>TypeScript будет явно требовать экземпляр класса, если у него есть приватные поля:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">class Point {
private x: number
private y: number
constructor(x: number, y: number) {
this.x = x
this.y = y
}
isEqual(p2: Point): boolean {
return this.x === p2.x && this.y === p2.y
}
}
const point = new Point(1, 2)
point.isEqual(new Point(10, 1)) // true
point.isEqual({ x: 1, y: 2 }) // Error: Argument of type '{ x: number; y: number; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'Point'.</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div></div><div style="margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class=""><h2 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h2-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h2-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h2-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-md)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="2">Рекомендуемые программы</h2><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_2mremqrdub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);--carousel-slide-size:70%;}@media(min-width: 36em){.__m__-_R_2mremqrdub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);--carousel-slide-size:50%;}}</style><div style="--carousel-control-size:calc(2.5rem * 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7.35036 10.7951 7.15803 10.6148L3.15803 6.86477C2.95657 6.67591 2.94637 6.35949 3.13523 6.15803Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_64f58e10 mantine-Carousel-control m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" type="button" data-inactive="true" data-type="next" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="transform:rotate(-90deg);width:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));height:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));display:block"><path d="M3.13523 6.15803C3.3241 5.95657 3.64052 5.94637 3.84197 6.13523L7.5 9.56464L11.158 6.13523C11.3595 5.94637 11.6759 5.95657 11.8648 6.15803C12.0536 6.35949 12.0434 6.67591 11.842 6.86477L7.84197 10.6148C7.64964 10.7951 7.35036 10.7951 7.15803 10.6148L3.15803 6.86477C2.95657 6.67591 2.94637 6.35949 3.13523 6.15803Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></div><div class="m_a2dae653 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style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h5);font-weight:bold" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Typescript</p><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Изучите Typescript и получите навык снижать ошибки, упрощать отладку</p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcwOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--03e50bbd408fef672ad099f7b2a258d80f54ad96/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Hand%20coding-bro.png" alt="Typescript" loading="eager"/></div><div 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<div>ООО «<a href="/" class="text-decoration-none link-light">Хекслет Рус</a>»</div>
<div>108813 г. Москва, вн.тер.г. поселение Московский,</div>
<div>г. Московский, ул. Солнечная, д. 3А, стр. 1, помещ. 20Б/3</div>
<div>ОГРН 1217300010476</div>
<div>ИНН 7325174845</div>
</div>
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<div>АНО ДПО «<a href="/" class="text-decoration-none link-light">Учебный центр «Хекслет</a>»</div>
<div>119331 г. Москва, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ</div>
<div>Ломоносовский, пр-кт Вернадского, д. 29</div>
<div>ОГРН 1247700712390</div>
<div>ИНН 7736364948</div>
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