<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="h-100" data-bs-theme="light" data-mantine-color-scheme="light" lang="ru" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
<meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible">
<link crossorigin="true" href="https://cdn.hexlet.io" rel="preconnect">
<link href="https://mc.yandex.ru" rel="preconnect">
<meta content="aa2vrdtq64dub8knuf83lwywit311w" name="facebook-domain-verification">
<link href="/favicon.ico" rel="icon" sizes="any">
<link href="/favicon.svg" rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml">
<link href="/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">
<link href="/manifest.webmanifest" rel="manifest">
<script>
//<![CDATA[
window.gon={};gon.ym_counter="25559621";gon.is_bot=true;gon.applications={};gon.current_user={"id":null,"last_viewed_notification_id":null,"email":null,"state":null,"first_name":"","last_name":"","created_at":"2026-02-26 18:07:51 UTC","current_program":null,"current_team":null,"full_name":"","guest":true,"can_use_paid_features":false,"is_hexlet_employee":false,"sanitized_phone_number":"","can_subscribe":true,"can_renew_education":false};gon.token="SBjtMvN4GO-_qkuD_5Cr66c_ieffuR74yNqXNQQsYBqnySYFAQa1jwnpbxvzn1ucZzakTdeO4Fp1Og1hViuHdA";gon.locale="ru";gon.language="ru";gon.theme="light";gon.rails_env="production";gon.mobile=false;gon.google={"analytics_key":"UA-1360700-51","optimize_key":"GTM-5QDVFPF"};gon.captcha={"google_v3_site_key":"6LenGbgZAAAAAM7HbrDbn5JlizCSzPcS767c9vaY","yandex_site_key":"ysc1_Vyob5ZPPUdPBsu0ykt8bVFdzsfpoVjQChLGl2b4g19647a89","verification_failed":null};gon.social_signin=false;gon.typoreporter_google_form_id="1FAIpQLSeibfGq-KvWQ2Fyru-zkFFRVTLBuzXAHAoEyN1p49FtDmNoNA";
//]]>
</script>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов — Q&A Хекслет</title>
<meta name="description" content="1 ответ — в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов — Q&A Хекслет">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://ru.hexlet.io/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov">
<meta property="og:description" content="1 ответ
— в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов
— Q&A Хекслет">
<meta property="og:title" content="в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов
— Q&A Хекслет">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://ru.hexlet.io/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov">
<meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" />
<meta name="csrf-token" content="Zkw9vxO3_vTcKwnz5WadwSO_KfJHWV2TX7tXb_7U8uWJnfaI4clTlGpoLWvpaW2247YEWE9uozHiW807rNMViw" />
<script src="/vite/assets/inertia-BIn5nEMk.js" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module"></script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/chunk-DsPFFUou.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/preload-helper-BJ4cLWpC.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/init-DOv3_-Z_.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/ahoy-DrlRQ-1D.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/analytics-cb8xch9l.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/ErrorFallbackBlock-naDSYSy9.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Surface-DL2bpZA-.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/gon-D3e4yh1x.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/mantine-CGMYrt2Y.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/utils-DRqSHbQE.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/routes-CCH8ilKF.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/extends-C-EagtpE.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/inheritsLoose-BBd-DCVI.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/objectWithoutPropertiesLoose-DRHXDhjp.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/index.esm-DAqKOkZ0.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Button-CGPUux8l.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/CloseButton-D1euiPao.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Group-BX48WcuU.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Loader-BQEY8g6v.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Modal-Cy3HByv7.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/OptionalPortal-1Hza5P2w.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Stack-CtjJzfw4.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Textarea-Ck64llAy.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Box-B5-OOzBf.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/DirectionProvider-Dc9zdUke.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/events-DJQOhap0.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/use-reduced-motion-D2owz4wa.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/use-disclosure-zKtK5W1r.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/use-hotkeys-Cnc_Rwkb.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/random-id-DOQyszCZ.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/notifications.store-C-3AFSMn.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/exports-C_MrNx_T.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/axios-BEvgo0ym.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/dayjs.min-BkKovM-s.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/i18next-BlSq9s7B.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/client-U9M77rxp.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-dom-DaLxUz_h.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/useTranslation-Bx1Cdrkz.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/compiler-runtime-6XxiPFnt.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/jsx-runtime-CwjcCKJi.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-CkL4ZRHB.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/vite/assets/application-BqhCP46M.js" />
<script src="/vite/assets/application-Df9RExpe.js" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module"></script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/chunk-DsPFFUou.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/autocomplete-VMNbxKGl.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/routes-CCH8ilKF.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/createPopper-C3aM9r1M.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/js.cookie-D1-O8zkX.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/vite/assets/application-C8HjmMaq.css" media="screen" />
<script>
window.ym = function(){(ym.a=ym.a||[]).push(arguments)};
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
setTimeout(function() {
ym.l = 1*new Date();
ym(window.gon.ym_counter, "init", {
clickmap: true,
trackLinks: true,
accurateTrackBounce: true,
webvisor: true
});
// Загружаем скрипт
var k = document.createElement('script');
k.async = 1;
k.src = 'https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js';
document.head.appendChild(k);
ym(window.gon.ym_counter, 'getClientID', function(clientID) {
window.ymClientId = clientID;
});
}, 1500);
});
</script>
<!-- Google Tag Manager - deferred -->
<script>
// dataLayer stub сразу — пуши работают до загрузки скрипта
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
// Сам скрипт — отложенно после load
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
setTimeout(function() {
dataLayer.push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'});
var j = document.createElement('script');
j.async = true;
j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-WK88TH';
document.head.appendChild(j);
}, 1500);
});
</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
</head>
<body>
<noscript>
<div>
<img alt="" src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/25559621" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;">
</div>
</noscript>
<header class="sticky-top bg-body">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg">
<div class="container-xxl">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="/"><img alt="Логотип Хекслета" height="24" src="https://ru.hexlet.io/vite/assets/logo_ru_light-BpiEA1LT.svg" width="96">
</a><button aria-controls="collapsable" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Меню" class="navbar-toggler border-0 mb-0 mt-1" data-bs-target="#collapsable" data-bs-toggle="collapse">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsable">
<ul class="navbar-nav mb-lg-0 mt-lg-1">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<button aria-haspopup class="btn nav-link" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" type="button">
Все курсы
<span class="bi bi-chevron-down align-middle ms-1"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item d-flex py-2" href="/courses"><div class="fw-bold me-auto">Все что есть</div>
<div class="text-muted">117</div>
</a></li>
<li>
<hr class="dropdown-divider">
</li>
<li class="dropdown-item">
<b>Популярные категории</b>
</li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_devops">Курсы по DevOps
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_data_analytics">Курсы по аналитике данных
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_programming">Курсы по программированию
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_testing">Курсы по тестированию
</a></li>
<li>
<hr class="dropdown-divider">
</li>
<li class="dropdown-item">
<b>Популярные курсы</b>
</li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/devops-engineer-from-scratch">DevOps-инженер с нуля
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/go">Go-разработчик
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/java">Java-разработчик
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/python">Python-разработчик
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/qa-auto-engineer-java">Автоматизатор тестирования на Java
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/data-analytics">Аналитик данных
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/frontend">Фронтенд-разработчик
</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<button aria-haspopup class="btn nav-link" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" type="button">
О Хекслете
<span class="bi bi-chevron-down align-middle"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu bg-body">
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/pages/about">О нас
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/blog">Блог
</a></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://special.hexlet.io/hse-research" role="button">Результаты (Исследование)
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://career.hexlet.io" role="button">Хекслет Карьера
</span></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/testimonials">Отзывы студентов
</a></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://t.me/hexlet_help_bot" role="button">Поддержка (В ТГ)
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://special.hexlet.io/referal-program/?promo_creative=priglasite-druzei&promo_name=referal-program&promo_position=promo_position&promo_start=010724&promo_type=link" role="button">Реферальная программа
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://special.hexlet.io/certificate" role="button">Подарочные сертификаты
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://hh.ru/employer/4307094" role="button">Вакансии
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item d-flex external-link" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" data-href="https://b2b.hexlet.io" data-target="_blank" role="button">Компаниям
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item d-flex external-link" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" data-href="https://hexly.ru/" data-target="_blank" role="button">Колледж
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item d-flex external-link" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" data-href="https://hexlyschool.ru/" data-target="_blank" role="button">Частная школа
</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="/subscription/new">Подписка</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="navbar-nav flex-lg-row align-items-lg-center gap-2 ms-auto">
<li>
<a class="nav-link" aria-label="Переключить тему" href="/theme/switch?new_theme=dark"><span aria-hidden="true" class="bi bi-moon"></span>
</a></li>
<li>
<span data-target="_self" class="nav-link external-link" data-href="/u/new" role="button"><span>Регистрация</span>
</span></li>
<li>
<span data-target="_self" class="nav-link external-link" data-href="https://ru.hexlet.io/session/new" role="button"><span>Вход</span>
</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<div class="x-container-xxxl">
</div>
<main class="mb-6 min-vh-100 h-100">
<link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcyNywicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--2d5cbbf5c3b4a73ae4b2c50632305d78f5872e4d/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Programmer-rafiki.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6NDAxOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--84efd2b6854b7000046e9ce06e6be85d38af5ab8/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/JavaScript%20frameworks-cuate.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6Mzk0MSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--9a9cd0863661374e7c92ea27b1270ac3299c0979/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Usability%20testing-pana.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcwOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--03e50bbd408fef672ad099f7b2a258d80f54ad96/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Hand%20coding-bro.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzY3OSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--63b1e4a498081a9ffcf9ba460ef4249e57663579/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Coding%20workshop-pana.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/vite/assets/development-BVihs_d5.png"/><div id="app" data-page="{"component":"web/qna/questions/show","props":{"errors":{},"locale":"ru","language":"ru","httpsHost":"https://ru.hexlet.io","host":"ru.hexlet.io","colorScheme":"light","auth":{"user":{"id":null,"last_viewed_notification_id":null,"email":null,"state":null,"first_name":"","last_name":"","created_at":"2026-02-26T18:07:51.264Z","current_program":null,"current_team":null,"full_name":"","guest":true,"can_use_paid_features":false,"is_hexlet_employee":false,"sanitized_phone_number":"","can_subscribe":true,"can_renew_education":false}},"cloudflareTurnstileSiteKey":"0x4AAAAAAA15KmeFXzd2H0Xo","vkIdClientId":"51586979","yandexIdClientId":"88d071f1d3384eb4bd1deb37910235c7","formAuthToken":"SKzfK1uySCzXJcZdY_VUxvwHZIcrPtCg_XtZ6gtH0JqnfRQcqczlTGFm4sVv-qSxPA5JLSMJLgJAm8O-WUA39A","category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"mainStackCategory":{"id":2,"name":"Курсы по веб-разработке","slug":"web_development","short_name":"Веб-разработка","order":190,"state":"published","category_slug":"courses_web_development"},"answerDto":{"id":null,"body":"","meta":{"model":"question_answer","relations":{}}},"question":{"creator":{"id":104929,"email":"feycot@gmail.com","first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Gagarinov","telegram":"","full_name":"Nikolai Gagarinov","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[{"id":633,"slug":"javascript","name":"JavaScript"},{"id":571,"slug":"js","name":"JS"}],"id":3947,"answers_count":1,"slug":"v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov","state":"published","title":"в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов\r","created_at":"2024-09-25T11:44:32.147Z","details":null,"best_answer_id":4486,"related_stacks_count":5},"answers":[{"user":{"id":198906,"email":"litvinovmksm@gmail.com","first_name":"Maksim","last_name":"Litvinov","telegram":"","full_name":"Maksim Litvinov","removed":false},"question":{"creator":{"id":104929,"email":"feycot@gmail.com","first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Gagarinov","telegram":"","full_name":"Nikolai Gagarinov","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[{"id":633,"slug":"javascript","name":"JavaScript"},{"id":571,"slug":"js","name":"JS"}],"id":3947,"answers_count":1,"slug":"v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov","state":"published","title":"в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов\r","created_at":"2024-09-25T11:44:32.147Z","details":null,"best_answer_id":4486,"related_stacks_count":5},"id":4486,"state":"active","body":"**jQuery** - это библиотека JavaScript, которая упрощает взаимодействие с DOM, облегчая выполнение различных операций работы с элементами веб-страницы. Основное отличие объектов jQuery от обычных объектов JavaScript заключается в том, что объекты jQuery представляют собой обертки над DOM-элементами, обогащая их дополнительными методами и свойствами для удобной работы.\r\n\r\nОсновные различия:\r\n\r\n1. **Селекторы**: jQuery предоставляет удобный синтаксис для выбора и манипуляции элементами DOM, используя CSS-подобные селекторы.\r\n2. **Цепочки методов**: В jQuery многие методы возвращают объект jQuery, что позволяет вызывать методы последовательно, образуя цепочку.\r\n3. **Кросс-браузерная совместимость**: jQuery решает проблемы совместимости между различными браузерами, предоставляя единый API для работы с DOM.\r\n\r\n### Проведение надежных проверок типов\r\n\r\nПри работе с JavaScript важно учитывать динамическую природу языка, что делает проверку типов значений особенно важной. Вот некоторые способы проведения надежных проверок типов:\r\n\r\n1. **Оператор `typeof`**: Оператор `typeof` можно использовать для определения типа значения, например:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (typeof variable === 'string') {\r\n // Действия для строки\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n2. **Проверка на `null` и `undefined`**: Для проверки `null` и `undefined` используйте строгое сравнение:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (variable === null) {\r\n // Переменная равна null\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (variable === undefined) {\r\n // Переменной не присвоено значение\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n3. **Использование конструкторов объектов**: Можно проверить тип объекта, используя конструкторы:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (variable.constructor === Array) {\r\n // Переменная является массивом\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n4. **Проверка instanceof**: Оператор `instanceof` проверяет, принадлежит ли объект к определенному классу или типу:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (variable instanceof Array) {\r\n // Переменная является экземпляром Array\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n5. **Библиотека lodash**: Использование библиотеки lodash может упростить проверку типов и обработку данных.\r\n","votes_up_count":1,"votes_down_count":0,"created_at":"2024-11-20T09:21:27.741Z","user_id":198906,"category_slug":"javascript"}],"relatedQuestions":[{"creator":{"id":104929,"email":"feycot@gmail.com","first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Gagarinov","telegram":"","full_name":"Nikolai Gagarinov","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[{"id":633,"slug":"javascript","name":"JavaScript"},{"id":571,"slug":"js","name":"JS"}],"id":3946,"answers_count":1,"slug":"v-chem-osobennosti-ispolzovaniya-rekursivnogo-settimeout-po-sravneniyu-s-setinterval-v-javascript","state":"published","title":"в чем особенности использования рекурсивного settimeout по сравнению с setinterval в javascript\r","created_at":"2024-09-25T11:44:32.067Z","details":null,"best_answer_id":4485,"related_stacks_count":5},{"creator":{"id":104929,"email":"feycot@gmail.com","first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Gagarinov","telegram":"","full_name":"Nikolai Gagarinov","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[{"id":633,"slug":"javascript","name":"JavaScript"},{"id":571,"slug":"js","name":"JS"}],"id":3945,"answers_count":1,"slug":"v-chem-osobennosti-i-ogranicheniya-queryselector-po-sravneniyu-s-getelementbyid-v-javascript","state":"published","title":"в чем особенности и ограничения queryselector по сравнению с getelementbyid в javascript\r","created_at":"2024-09-25T11:44:31.967Z","details":null,"best_answer_id":4484,"related_stacks_count":5},{"creator":{"id":75907,"email":"dzencot@gmail.com","first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Gagarinov","telegram":"igagarinov","full_name":"Ivan Gagarinov","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[{"id":1350,"slug":"on-change","name":"on-change"},{"id":1351,"slug":"onchange","name":"onChange"},{"id":869,"slug":"proxy","name":"proxy"}],"id":3943,"answers_count":1,"slug":"kak-rabotat-s-bibliotekoy-on-change","state":"published","title":"Как работать с библиотекой on-change","created_at":"2024-05-27T12:22:05.758Z","details":"","best_answer_id":3740,"related_stacks_count":5},{"creator":{"id":363630,"email":"a.agaphonov@ya.ru","first_name":"Человек-Молекула","last_name":"","telegram":null,"full_name":"Человек-Молекула","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[],"id":1359,"answers_count":1,"slug":"kak-sdelat-drag-and-drop-javascript","state":"published","title":"Как сделать drag and drop javascript\r","created_at":"2021-12-20T13:37:31.100Z","details":null,"best_answer_id":3716,"related_stacks_count":5},{"creator":{"id":104929,"email":"feycot@gmail.com","first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Gagarinov","telegram":"","full_name":"Nikolai Gagarinov","removed":false},"category":{"id":2,"title":"JavaScript","slug":"javascript","questions_count":852,"locale":"ru"},"tags":[{"id":571,"slug":"js","name":"JS"},{"id":633,"slug":"javascript","name":"JavaScript"}],"id":3264,"answers_count":1,"slug":"inject-js-chto-eto","state":"published","title":"inject js что это\r","created_at":"2023-04-07T07:35:13.075Z","details":null,"best_answer_id":3715,"related_stacks_count":5}],"relatedLandings":[{"stack":{"id":12,"slug":"frontend","title":"Фронтенд-разработчик","audience":"for_beginners","start_type":"weekly","pricing_model":"purchase","priority":"high","kind":"profession","state":"published","stack_state":"finished","order":20,"duration_in_months":10},"id":17,"slug":"frontend","title":"Фронтенд-разработчик","subtitle":"Изучите HTML, CSS, JavaScript и React","subtitle_for_lists":"Изучите HTML, CSS, JavaScript и React","locale":"ru","current":true,"duration_in_months_text":"10 месяцев","stack_slug":"frontend","price_text":"от 6 792 ₽","duration_text":"10 месяцев","cover_list_variant":"https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcyNywicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--2d5cbbf5c3b4a73ae4b2c50632305d78f5872e4d/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Programmer-rafiki.png"},{"stack":{"id":29,"slug":"js-oop","title":"ООП на Javascript","audience":"for_programmers","start_type":"anytime","pricing_model":"subscription","priority":"medium","kind":"track","state":"published","stack_state":"finished","order":4250,"duration_in_months":2},"id":46,"slug":"js-oop","title":"ООП на Javascript","subtitle":"Навык глубокого понимания архитектуры и написания чистого кода, позволяющий решать сложные задачи","subtitle_for_lists":"Изучите архитектуру и принципы чистого кода на JS","locale":"ru","current":true,"duration_in_months_text":"2 месяца","stack_slug":"js-oop","price_text":"от 3 900 ₽","duration_text":"2 месяца","cover_list_variant":"https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6NDAxOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--84efd2b6854b7000046e9ce06e6be85d38af5ab8/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/JavaScript%20frameworks-cuate.png"},{"stack":{"id":47,"slug":"qa-auto-engineer-javascript","title":"Автоматизатор тестирования на JavaScript","audience":"for_programmers","start_type":"weekly","pricing_model":"purchase","priority":"high","kind":"profession","state":"published","stack_state":"finished","order":90,"duration_in_months":6},"id":82,"slug":"qa-auto-engineer-javascript","title":"Автоматизатор тестирования на JavaScript","subtitle":"Изучите: Git, JavaScript, Playwright, юнит-, API- и UI-тесты, Docker и SQL","subtitle_for_lists":"Изучите: Git, JavaScript, Playwright, юнит-, API- и UI-тесты, Docker и SQL","locale":"ru","current":true,"duration_in_months_text":"6 месяцев","stack_slug":"qa-auto-engineer-javascript","price_text":"от 4 281 ₽","duration_text":"6 месяцев","cover_list_variant":"https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6Mzk0MSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--9a9cd0863661374e7c92ea27b1270ac3299c0979/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Usability%20testing-pana.png"},{"stack":{"id":52,"slug":"typescript","title":"Typescript","audience":"for_programmers","start_type":"anytime","pricing_model":"subscription","priority":"medium","kind":"track","state":"published","stack_state":"finished","order":200,"duration_in_months":2},"id":92,"slug":"typescript","title":"Typescript","subtitle":"Навык снижать ошибки, упрощать отладку, повышать качество кода и ускорять разработку с автодополнением и типизацией","subtitle_for_lists":"Изучите Typescript и получите навык снижать ошибки, упрощать отладку","locale":"ru","current":true,"duration_in_months_text":"2 месяца","stack_slug":"typescript","price_text":"от 3 900 ₽","duration_text":"2 месяца","cover_list_variant":"https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcwOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--03e50bbd408fef672ad099f7b2a258d80f54ad96/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Hand%20coding-bro.png"},{"stack":{"id":299,"slug":"js-basics-free","title":"Основы JavaScript","audience":"for_beginners","start_type":"anytime","pricing_model":"free","priority":"low","kind":"track","state":"published","stack_state":"finished","order":1000,"duration_in_months":1},"id":221,"slug":"javascript-basics-free","title":"Основы JavaScript","subtitle":"Изучите язык JavaScript и его практическое применение","subtitle_for_lists":null,"locale":"ru","current":true,"duration_in_months_text":"1 месяц","stack_slug":"js-basics-free","price_text":"Бесплатно","duration_text":"1 месяц","cover_list_variant":"https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzY3OSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--63b1e4a498081a9ffcf9ba460ef4249e57663579/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Coding%20workshop-pana.png"}]},"url":"/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov","version":"143505ecd123087a8fdfa4acb7147980e9d23d76","encryptHistory":false,"clearHistory":false}"><style data-mantine-styles="true">:root, :host{--mantine-font-family: Arial, sans-serif;--mantine-font-family-headings: Arial, sans-serif;--mantine-heading-font-weight: normal;--mantine-radius-default: 0rem;--mantine-primary-color-filled: var(--mantine-color-indigo-filled);--mantine-primary-color-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-indigo-filled-hover);--mantine-primary-color-light: var(--mantine-color-indigo-light);--mantine-primary-color-light-hover: var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover);--mantine-primary-color-light-color: var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--mantine-spacing-xxl: calc(4rem * var(--mantine-scale));--mantine-font-size-xs: 12px;--mantine-font-size-sm: 14px;--mantine-font-size-md: 16px;--mantine-font-size-lg: clamp(16.0000px, calc(15.2727px + 0.2273vw), 18.0000px);--mantine-font-size-xl: clamp(16.0000px, calc(14.5455px + 0.4545vw), 20.0000px);--mantine-font-size-display-3: clamp(32.0000px, calc(26.1818px + 1.8182vw), 48.0000px);--mantine-font-size-display-2: clamp(36.0000px, calc(25.8182px + 3.1818vw), 64.0000px);--mantine-font-size-display-1: clamp(40.0000px, calc(25.4545px + 4.5455vw), 80.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h1: clamp(28.0000px, calc(23.6364px + 1.3636vw), 40.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h2: clamp(24.0000px, calc(21.0909px + 0.9091vw), 32.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h3: clamp(20.0000px, calc(17.0909px + 0.9091vw), 28.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h4: clamp(16.0000px, calc(13.0909px + 0.9091vw), 24.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h5: clamp(16.0000px, calc(14.5455px + 0.4545vw), 20.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h6: 1rem;--mantine-primary-color-0: var(--mantine-color-indigo-0);--mantine-primary-color-1: var(--mantine-color-indigo-1);--mantine-primary-color-2: var(--mantine-color-indigo-2);--mantine-primary-color-3: var(--mantine-color-indigo-3);--mantine-primary-color-4: var(--mantine-color-indigo-4);--mantine-primary-color-5: var(--mantine-color-indigo-5);--mantine-primary-color-6: var(--mantine-color-indigo-6);--mantine-primary-color-7: var(--mantine-color-indigo-7);--mantine-primary-color-8: var(--mantine-color-indigo-8);--mantine-primary-color-9: var(--mantine-color-indigo-9);--mantine-color-red-0: #ffeaea;--mantine-color-red-1: #fed4d4;--mantine-color-red-2: #f4a7a8;--mantine-color-red-3: #ec7878;--mantine-color-red-4: #e55050;--mantine-color-red-5: #e03131;--mantine-color-red-6: #e02829;--mantine-color-red-7: #c71a1c;--mantine-color-red-8: #b21218;--mantine-color-red-9: #9c0411;--mantine-color-violet-0: #fce9ff;--mantine-color-violet-1: #f1cfff;--mantine-color-violet-2: #e09bff;--mantine-color-violet-3: #d16fff;--mantine-color-violet-4: #be37fe;--mantine-color-violet-5: #b51afe;--mantine-color-violet-6: #b009ff;--mantine-color-violet-7: #9b00e4;--mantine-color-violet-8: #8a00cc;--mantine-color-violet-9: #7800b3;--mantine-color-indigo-0: #edecff;--mantine-color-indigo-1: #d6d5fe;--mantine-color-indigo-2: #aaa9f4;--mantine-color-indigo-3: #7b79eb;--mantine-color-indigo-4: #5451e4;--mantine-color-indigo-5: #3b37e0;--mantine-color-indigo-6: #2d2adf;--mantine-color-indigo-7: #1f1ec7;--mantine-color-indigo-8: #1819b2;--mantine-color-indigo-9: #0c149e;--mantine-color-cyan-0: #dffdff;--mantine-color-cyan-1: #caf5ff;--mantine-color-cyan-2: #99e8ff;--mantine-color-cyan-3: #64daff;--mantine-color-cyan-4: #3ccffe;--mantine-color-cyan-5: #24c8fe;--mantine-color-cyan-6: #00c2ff;--mantine-color-cyan-7: #00ade4;--mantine-color-cyan-8: #009acd;--mantine-color-cyan-9: #0085b5;--mantine-color-green-0: #e9fdec;--mantine-color-green-1: #d7f6dc;--mantine-color-green-2: #b0eab9;--mantine-color-green-3: #86df94;--mantine-color-green-4: #62d574;--mantine-color-green-5: #4ccf5f;--mantine-color-green-6: #3fcc54;--mantine-color-green-7: #2fb344;--mantine-color-green-8: #25a03b;--mantine-color-green-9: #138a2e;--mantine-color-yellow-0: #fff7e2;--mantine-color-yellow-1: #ffeecd;--mantine-color-yellow-2: #ffdc9c;--mantine-color-yellow-3: #ffc966;--mantine-color-yellow-4: #feb93a;--mantine-color-yellow-5: #feae1e;--mantine-color-yellow-6: #ffa90f;--mantine-color-yellow-8: #ca8200;--mantine-color-yellow-9: #af7000;--mantine-h1-font-size: clamp(28.0000px, calc(23.6364px + 1.3636vw), 40.0000px);--mantine-h1-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h2-font-size: clamp(24.0000px, calc(21.0909px + 0.9091vw), 32.0000px);--mantine-h2-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h3-font-size: clamp(20.0000px, calc(17.0909px + 0.9091vw), 28.0000px);--mantine-h3-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h4-font-size: clamp(16.0000px, calc(13.0909px + 0.9091vw), 24.0000px);--mantine-h4-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h5-font-size: clamp(16.0000px, calc(14.5455px + 0.4545vw), 20.0000px);--mantine-h5-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h6-font-size: 1rem;--mantine-h6-font-weight: normal;}
:root[data-mantine-color-scheme="dark"], :host([data-mantine-color-scheme="dark"]){--mantine-color-anchor: var(--mantine-color-text);--mantine-color-dimmed: #495057;--mantine-color-dark-filled: var(--mantine-color-dark-5);--mantine-color-dark-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-dark-6);--mantine-color-dark-light: rgba(105, 105, 105, 0.15);--mantine-color-dark-light-hover: rgba(105, 105, 105, 0.2);--mantine-color-dark-light-color: var(--mantine-color-dark-0);--mantine-color-dark-outline: var(--mantine-color-dark-1);--mantine-color-dark-outline-hover: rgba(184, 184, 184, 0.05);--mantine-color-gray-filled: var(--mantine-color-gray-5);--mantine-color-gray-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-gray-6);--mantine-color-gray-light: rgba(222, 226, 230, 0.15);--mantine-color-gray-light-hover: rgba(222, 226, 230, 0.2);--mantine-color-gray-light-color: var(--mantine-color-gray-0);--mantine-color-gray-outline: var(--mantine-color-gray-1);--mantine-color-gray-outline-hover: rgba(241, 243, 245, 0.05);--mantine-color-red-filled: var(--mantine-color-red-5);--mantine-color-red-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-red-6);--mantine-color-red-light: rgba(236, 120, 120, 0.15);--mantine-color-red-light-hover: rgba(236, 120, 120, 0.2);--mantine-color-red-light-color: var(--mantine-color-red-0);--mantine-color-red-outline: var(--mantine-color-red-1);--mantine-color-red-outline-hover: rgba(254, 212, 212, 0.05);--mantine-color-pink-filled: var(--mantine-color-pink-5);--mantine-color-pink-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-pink-6);--mantine-color-pink-light: rgba(250, 162, 193, 0.15);--mantine-color-pink-light-hover: rgba(250, 162, 193, 0.2);--mantine-color-pink-light-color: var(--mantine-color-pink-0);--mantine-color-pink-outline: var(--mantine-color-pink-1);--mantine-color-pink-outline-hover: rgba(255, 222, 235, 0.05);--mantine-color-grape-filled: var(--mantine-color-grape-5);--mantine-color-grape-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-grape-6);--mantine-color-grape-light: rgba(229, 153, 247, 0.15);--mantine-color-grape-light-hover: rgba(229, 153, 247, 0.2);--mantine-color-grape-light-color: var(--mantine-color-grape-0);--mantine-color-grape-outline: var(--mantine-color-grape-1);--mantine-color-grape-outline-hover: rgba(243, 217, 250, 0.05);--mantine-color-violet-filled: var(--mantine-color-violet-5);--mantine-color-violet-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-violet-6);--mantine-color-violet-light: rgba(209, 111, 255, 0.15);--mantine-color-violet-light-hover: rgba(209, 111, 255, 0.2);--mantine-color-violet-light-color: var(--mantine-color-violet-0);--mantine-color-violet-outline: var(--mantine-color-violet-1);--mantine-color-violet-outline-hover: rgba(241, 207, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-indigo-filled: var(--mantine-color-indigo-5);--mantine-color-indigo-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-indigo-6);--mantine-color-indigo-light: rgba(123, 121, 235, 0.15);--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover: rgba(123, 121, 235, 0.2);--mantine-color-indigo-light-color: var(--mantine-color-indigo-0);--mantine-color-indigo-outline: var(--mantine-color-indigo-1);--mantine-color-indigo-outline-hover: rgba(214, 213, 254, 0.05);--mantine-color-blue-filled: var(--mantine-color-blue-5);--mantine-color-blue-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-blue-6);--mantine-color-blue-light: rgba(116, 192, 252, 0.15);--mantine-color-blue-light-hover: rgba(116, 192, 252, 0.2);--mantine-color-blue-light-color: var(--mantine-color-blue-0);--mantine-color-blue-outline: var(--mantine-color-blue-1);--mantine-color-blue-outline-hover: rgba(208, 235, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-cyan-filled: var(--mantine-color-cyan-5);--mantine-color-cyan-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-cyan-6);--mantine-color-cyan-light: rgba(100, 218, 255, 0.15);--mantine-color-cyan-light-hover: rgba(100, 218, 255, 0.2);--mantine-color-cyan-light-color: var(--mantine-color-cyan-0);--mantine-color-cyan-outline: var(--mantine-color-cyan-1);--mantine-color-cyan-outline-hover: rgba(202, 245, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-teal-filled: var(--mantine-color-teal-5);--mantine-color-teal-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-teal-6);--mantine-color-teal-light: rgba(99, 230, 190, 0.15);--mantine-color-teal-light-hover: rgba(99, 230, 190, 0.2);--mantine-color-teal-light-color: var(--mantine-color-teal-0);--mantine-color-teal-outline: var(--mantine-color-teal-1);--mantine-color-teal-outline-hover: rgba(195, 250, 232, 0.05);--mantine-color-green-filled: var(--mantine-color-green-5);--mantine-color-green-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-green-6);--mantine-color-green-light: rgba(134, 223, 148, 0.15);--mantine-color-green-light-hover: rgba(134, 223, 148, 0.2);--mantine-color-green-light-color: var(--mantine-color-green-0);--mantine-color-green-outline: var(--mantine-color-green-1);--mantine-color-green-outline-hover: rgba(215, 246, 220, 0.05);--mantine-color-lime-filled: var(--mantine-color-lime-5);--mantine-color-lime-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-lime-6);--mantine-color-lime-light: rgba(192, 235, 117, 0.15);--mantine-color-lime-light-hover: rgba(192, 235, 117, 0.2);--mantine-color-lime-light-color: var(--mantine-color-lime-0);--mantine-color-lime-outline: var(--mantine-color-lime-1);--mantine-color-lime-outline-hover: rgba(233, 250, 200, 0.05);--mantine-color-yellow-filled: var(--mantine-color-yellow-5);--mantine-color-yellow-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-yellow-6);--mantine-color-yellow-light: rgba(255, 201, 102, 0.15);--mantine-color-yellow-light-hover: rgba(255, 201, 102, 0.2);--mantine-color-yellow-light-color: var(--mantine-color-yellow-0);--mantine-color-yellow-outline: var(--mantine-color-yellow-1);--mantine-color-yellow-outline-hover: rgba(255, 238, 205, 0.05);--mantine-color-orange-filled: var(--mantine-color-orange-5);--mantine-color-orange-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-orange-6);--mantine-color-orange-light: rgba(255, 192, 120, 0.15);--mantine-color-orange-light-hover: rgba(255, 192, 120, 0.2);--mantine-color-orange-light-color: var(--mantine-color-orange-0);--mantine-color-orange-outline: var(--mantine-color-orange-1);--mantine-color-orange-outline-hover: rgba(255, 232, 204, 0.05);--app-cta-gradient: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-9) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-7) 100%);--app-color-surface: #2e2e2e;}
:root[data-mantine-color-scheme="light"], :host([data-mantine-color-scheme="light"]){--mantine-color-anchor: var(--mantine-color-text);--mantine-color-dimmed: #495057;--mantine-color-red-light: rgba(224, 40, 41, 0.1);--mantine-color-red-light-hover: rgba(224, 40, 41, 0.12);--mantine-color-red-outline-hover: rgba(224, 40, 41, 0.05);--mantine-color-violet-light: rgba(176, 9, 255, 0.1);--mantine-color-violet-light-hover: rgba(176, 9, 255, 0.12);--mantine-color-violet-outline-hover: rgba(176, 9, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-indigo-light: rgba(45, 42, 223, 0.1);--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover: rgba(45, 42, 223, 0.12);--mantine-color-indigo-outline-hover: rgba(45, 42, 223, 0.05);--mantine-color-cyan-light: rgba(0, 194, 255, 0.1);--mantine-color-cyan-light-hover: rgba(0, 194, 255, 0.12);--mantine-color-cyan-outline-hover: rgba(0, 194, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-green-light: rgba(63, 204, 84, 0.1);--mantine-color-green-light-hover: rgba(63, 204, 84, 0.12);--mantine-color-green-outline-hover: rgba(63, 204, 84, 0.05);--mantine-color-yellow-light: rgba(255, 169, 15, 0.1);--mantine-color-yellow-light-hover: rgba(255, 169, 15, 0.12);--mantine-color-yellow-outline-hover: rgba(255, 169, 15, 0.05);--app-color-surface: #f1f3f5;--app-cta-gradient: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-5) 100%);}</style><style data-mantine-styles="classes">@media (max-width: 35.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-xs {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 36em) {.mantine-hidden-from-xs {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 47.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-sm {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 48em) {.mantine-hidden-from-sm {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 61.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-md {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 62em) {.mantine-hidden-from-md {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 74.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-lg {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 75em) {.mantine-hidden-from-lg {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 87.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-xl {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 88em) {.mantine-hidden-from-xl {display: none !important;}}</style><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"QAPage","mainEntity":{"@type":"Question","name":"в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов\r","answerCount":1,"datePublished":"2024-09-25T11:44:32.147Z","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolai Gagarinov"},"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"**jQuery** - это библиотека JavaScript, которая упрощает взаимодействие с DOM, облегчая выполнение различных операций работы с элементами веб-страницы. Основное отличие объектов jQuery от обычных объектов JavaScript заключается в том, что объекты jQuery представляют собой обертки над DOM-элементами, обогащая их дополнительными методами и свойствами для удобной работы.\r\n\r\nОсновные различия:\r\n\r\n1. **Селекторы**: jQuery предоставляет удобный синтаксис для выбора и манипуляции элементами DOM, используя CSS-подобные селекторы.\r\n2. **Цепочки методов**: В jQuery многие методы возвращают объект jQuery, что позволяет вызывать методы последовательно, образуя цепочку.\r\n3. **Кросс-браузерная совместимость**: jQuery решает проблемы совместимости между различными браузерами, предоставляя единый API для работы с DOM.\r\n\r\n### Проведение надежных проверок типов\r\n\r\nПри работе с JavaScript важно учитывать динамическую природу языка, что делает проверку типов значений особенно важной. Вот некоторые способы проведения надежных проверок типов:\r\n\r\n1. **Оператор `typeof`**: Оператор `typeof` можно использовать для определения типа значения, например:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (typeof variable === 'string') {\r\n // Действия для строки\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n2. **Проверка на `null` и `undefined`**: Для проверки `null` и `undefined` используйте строгое сравнение:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (variable === null) {\r\n // Переменная равна null\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (variable === undefined) {\r\n // Переменной не присвоено значение\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n3. **Использование конструкторов объектов**: Можно проверить тип объекта, используя конструкторы:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (variable.constructor === Array) {\r\n // Переменная является массивом\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n4. **Проверка instanceof**: Оператор `instanceof` проверяет, принадлежит ли объект к определенному классу или типу:\r\n ```javascript\r\n if (variable instanceof Array) {\r\n // Переменная является экземпляром Array\r\n }\r\n ```\r\n\r\n5. **Библиотека lodash**: Использование библиотеки lodash может упростить проверку типов и обработку данных.\r\n","datePublished":"2024-11-20T09:21:27.741Z","upvoteCount":1,"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Maksim Litvinov"},"url":"https://ru.hexlet.io/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov#answer-4486"}}}</script><div style="--container-size:var(--container-size-lg);margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);height:100%" class="m_7485cace mantine-Container-root" data-size="lg" data-strategy="block"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"position":1,"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"/qna","name":"Вопросы и ответы"}},{"position":2,"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"/qna/javascript/questions","name":"JavaScript"}},{"position":3,"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov","name":"в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов\r"}}]}</script><div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_8b3717df mantine-Breadcrumbs-root"><a style="--text-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-sm);--text-lh:var(--mantine-line-height-sm);white-space:normal;color:inherit" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_f678d540 mantine-Breadcrumbs-breadcrumb m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-size="sm" data-underline="hover" href="/"><div style="color:inherit" class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-home-link "><path d="M20.085 11.085l-8.085 -8.085l-9 9h2v7a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4.5"></path><path d="M9 21v-6a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h2a2 2 0 0 1 1.807 1.143"></path><path d="M20 21a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 1 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M20 16a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 1 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M15 19a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 1 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M21 16l-5 3l5 2"></path></svg></div></a><div class="m_3b8f2208 mantine-Breadcrumbs-separator">/</div><a style="--text-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-sm);--text-lh:var(--mantine-line-height-sm);white-space:normal;color:inherit" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_f678d540 mantine-Breadcrumbs-breadcrumb m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-size="sm" data-underline="hover" href="/qna">Вопросы и ответы</a><div class="m_3b8f2208 mantine-Breadcrumbs-separator">/</div><a style="--text-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-sm);--text-lh:var(--mantine-line-height-sm);white-space:normal;color:inherit" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_f678d540 mantine-Breadcrumbs-breadcrumb m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-size="sm" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions">JavaScript</a><div class="m_3b8f2208 mantine-Breadcrumbs-separator">/</div><p style="--text-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-sm);--text-lh:var(--mantine-line-height-sm);white-space:normal;color:var(--mantine-color-dimmed)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_f678d540 mantine-Breadcrumbs-breadcrumb m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root" data-size="sm">в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов
</p></div><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_eub_{margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);}@media(min-width: 36em){.__m__-_R_eub_{margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);}}</style><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root __m__-_R_eub_"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_deub_{width:100%;}@media(min-width: 36em){.__m__-_R_deub_{width:70%;}}@media(min-width: 75em){.__m__-_R_deub_{width:75%;}}</style><div class="__m__-_R_deub_"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><h1 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h1-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h1-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h1-font-size)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="1">в чем отличие объектов jquery от javascript и как провести надежные проверки типов
</h1></div></div></div><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_iub_{--grid-gutter:var(--mantine-spacing-md);}</style><div class="m_410352e9 mantine-Grid-root __m__-_R_iub_"><div class="m_dee7bd2f mantine-Grid-inner"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_3diub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:100%;--col-max-width:100%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_3diub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:83.33333333333334%;--col-max-width:83.33333333333334%;}}@media(min-width: 62em){.__m__-_R_3diub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:66.66666666666667%;--col-max-width:66.66666666666667%;}}</style><div class="m_96bdd299 mantine-Grid-col __m__-_R_3diub_"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/tags/javascript"><div style="--badge-height:var(--badge-height-sm);--badge-padding-x:var(--badge-padding-x-sm);--badge-fz:var(--badge-fz-sm);--badge-bg:var(--mantine-color-default);--badge-color:var(--mantine-color-default-color);--badge-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid var(--mantine-color-default-border);cursor:pointer" class="m_347db0ec mantine-Badge-root" data-variant="default" data-size="sm"><span class="m_5add502a mantine-Badge-label">JavaScript</span></div></a><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/tags/js"><div style="--badge-height:var(--badge-height-sm);--badge-padding-x:var(--badge-padding-x-sm);--badge-fz:var(--badge-fz-sm);--badge-bg:var(--mantine-color-default);--badge-color:var(--mantine-color-default-color);--badge-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid var(--mantine-color-default-border);cursor:pointer" class="m_347db0ec mantine-Badge-root" data-variant="default" data-size="sm"><span class="m_5add502a mantine-Badge-label">JS</span></div></a></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-inline-start:auto" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-calendar "><path d="M4 7a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v12a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-12a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2v-12"></path><path d="M16 3v4"></path><path d="M8 3v4"></path><path d="M4 11h16"></path><path d="M11 15h1"></path><path d="M12 15v3"></path></svg><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root" data-inherit="true">год назад</p></div><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-user "><path d="M8 7a4 4 0 1 0 8 0a4 4 0 0 0 -8 0"></path><path d="M6 21v-2a4 4 0 0 1 4 -4h4a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v2"></path></svg><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root" data-inherit="true">Nikolai Gagarinov</p></div></div><div role="link" tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer"><button style="display:block;width:100%" class="mantine-focus-auto m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" type="button" aria-label="Присоединяйтесь к нашему Telegram-сообществу"><div style="background-color:light-dark(var(--mantine-color-gray-1), var(--mantine-color-dark-6));margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><div style="--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;margin-inline-end:auto;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-brand-telegram "><path d="M15 10l-4 4l6 6l4 -16l-18 7l4 2l2 6l3 -4"></path></svg></div>Присоединяйтесь к нашему Telegram-сообществу</div></div></button></div><h2 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h2-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h2-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h2-font-size);margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="2">Ответы</h2><div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);padding:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true" id="answer-4486"><div style="--group-gap:calc(1.125rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:stretch;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><div style="--stack-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--stack-align:stretch;--stack-justify:flex-start;font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h1);font-weight:lighter;text-align:center" class="m_6d731127 mantine-Stack-root">1<a style="color:inherit" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-otlichie-ob-ektov-jquery-ot-javascript-i-kak-provesti-nadezhnye-proverki-tipov/answers/4486/vote"><div style="--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-thumb-up "><path d="M7 11v8a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1v-7a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h3a4 4 0 0 0 4 -4v-1a2 2 0 0 1 4 0v5h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2l-1 5a2 3 0 0 1 -2 2h-7a3 3 0 0 1 -3 -3"></path></svg></div></a><div style="--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-check "><path d="M5 12l5 5l10 -10"></path></svg></div></div><div style="--stack-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--stack-align:stretch;--stack-justify:flex-start;width:100%;min-width:0rem" class="m_6d731127 mantine-Stack-root"><div style="margin-bottom:auto" class="m_d08caa0 mantine-Typography-root"><p><strong>jQuery</strong> - это библиотека JavaScript, которая упрощает взаимодействие с DOM, облегчая выполнение различных операций работы с элементами веб-страницы. Основное отличие объектов jQuery от обычных объектов JavaScript заключается в том, что объекты jQuery представляют собой обертки над DOM-элементами, обогащая их дополнительными методами и свойствами для удобной работы.</p>
<p>Основные различия:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Селекторы</strong>: jQuery предоставляет удобный синтаксис для выбора и манипуляции элементами DOM, используя CSS-подобные селекторы.</li>
<li><strong>Цепочки методов</strong>: В jQuery многие методы возвращают объект jQuery, что позволяет вызывать методы последовательно, образуя цепочку.</li>
<li><strong>Кросс-браузерная совместимость</strong>: jQuery решает проблемы совместимости между различными браузерами, предоставляя единый API для работы с DOM.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="heading-3-1">Проведение надежных проверок типов</h3>
<p>При работе с JavaScript важно учитывать динамическую природу языка, что делает проверку типов значений особенно важной. Вот некоторые способы проведения надежных проверок типов:</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>Оператор <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">typeof</code></strong>: Оператор <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">typeof</code> можно использовать для определения типа значения, например:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">if (typeof variable === 'string') {
// Действия для строки
}</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Проверка на <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">null</code> и <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">undefined</code></strong>: Для проверки <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">null</code> и <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">undefined</code> используйте строгое сравнение:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">if (variable === null) {
// Переменная равна null
}
if (variable === undefined) {
// Переменной не присвоено значение
}</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Использование конструкторов объектов</strong>: Можно проверить тип объекта, используя конструкторы:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">if (variable.constructor === Array) {
// Переменная является массивом
}</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Проверка instanceof</strong>: Оператор <code style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight m_dfe9c588 mantine-InlineCodeHighlight-inlineCodeHighlight">instanceof</code> проверяет, принадлежит ли объект к определенному классу или типу:</p>
<div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_e597c321 mantine-CodeHighlight-codeHighlight" dir="ltr"><div class="m_be7e9c9c mantine-CodeHighlight-controls"><button style="--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:transparent;--ai-color:inherit;--ai-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_d498bab7 mantine-CodeHighlight-control m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="none" type="button" aria-label="Copy code"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8 8m0 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-8a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2z"></path><path d="M16 8v-2a2 2 0 0 0 -2 -2h-8a2 2 0 0 0 -2 2v8a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2"></path></svg></span></button></div><div style="--scrollarea-scrollbar-size:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--sa-corner-width:0px;--sa-corner-height:0px" class="m_f744fd40 mantine-CodeHighlight-scrollarea m_d57069b5 mantine-ScrollArea-root" dir="ltr"><div style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-inline:none" class="m_c0783ff9 mantine-ScrollArea-viewport" data-scrollbars="xy"><div class="m_b1336c6 mantine-ScrollArea-content"><pre class="m_2c47c4fd mantine-CodeHighlight-pre" style="padding:0"><code class="m_5caae6d3 mantine-CodeHighlight-code">if (variable instanceof Array) {
// Переменная является экземпляром Array
}</code></pre></div></div></div><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_c9378bc2 mantine-CodeHighlight-showCodeButton m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-hidden="true" type="button">Expand code</button></div>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>Библиотека lodash</strong>: Использование библиотеки lodash может упростить проверку типов и обработку данных.</p>
</li>
</ol></div><div class="m_3eebeb36 mantine-Divider-root" data-orientation="horizontal" role="separator"></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap;font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-inline-start:auto" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-calendar "><path d="M4 7a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v12a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-12a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2v-12"></path><path d="M16 3v4"></path><path d="M8 3v4"></path><path d="M4 11h16"></path><path d="M11 15h1"></path><path d="M12 15v3"></path></svg><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root" data-inherit="true">год назад</p></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-user "><path d="M8 7a4 4 0 1 0 8 0a4 4 0 0 0 -8 0"></path><path d="M6 21v-2a4 4 0 0 1 4 -4h4a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v2"></path></svg><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root" data-inherit="true">Maksim Litvinov</p></div></div></div></div></div><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_4bbdiub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);--carousel-slide-size:70%;}@media(min-width: 36em){.__m__-_R_4bbdiub_{--carousel-slide-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);--carousel-slide-size:50%;}}</style><div style="--carousel-control-size:calc(2.5rem * var(--mantine-scale));--carousel-controls-offset:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);padding-block:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);background:var(--app-color-surface)" class="m_17884d0f mantine-Carousel-root responsiveClassName" data-orientation="horizontal" data-include-gap-in-size="true"><div class="m_39bc3463 mantine-Carousel-controls" data-orientation="horizontal"><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_64f58e10 mantine-Carousel-control m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" type="button" data-inactive="true" data-type="previous" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="transform:rotate(90deg);width:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));height:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));display:block"><path d="M3.13523 6.15803C3.3241 5.95657 3.64052 5.94637 3.84197 6.13523L7.5 9.56464L11.158 6.13523C11.3595 5.94637 11.6759 5.95657 11.8648 6.15803C12.0536 6.35949 12.0434 6.67591 11.842 6.86477L7.84197 10.6148C7.64964 10.7951 7.35036 10.7951 7.15803 10.6148L3.15803 6.86477C2.95657 6.67591 2.94637 6.35949 3.13523 6.15803Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button><button class="mantine-focus-auto m_64f58e10 mantine-Carousel-control m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" type="button" data-inactive="true" data-type="next" tabindex="-1"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="transform:rotate(-90deg);width:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));height:calc(1rem * var(--mantine-scale));display:block"><path d="M3.13523 6.15803C3.3241 5.95657 3.64052 5.94637 3.84197 6.13523L7.5 9.56464L11.158 6.13523C11.3595 5.94637 11.6759 5.95657 11.8648 6.15803C12.0536 6.35949 12.0434 6.67591 11.842 6.86477L7.84197 10.6148C7.64964 10.7951 7.35036 10.7951 7.15803 10.6148L3.15803 6.86477C2.95657 6.67591 2.94637 6.35949 3.13523 6.15803Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></div><div class="m_a2dae653 mantine-Carousel-viewport" data-type="media"><div class="m_fcd81474 mantine-Carousel-container __m__-_R_4bbdiub_" data-orientation="horizontal"><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer;height:100%"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/programs/frontend?promo_name=programs_list&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=catalog_card&promo_type=card" target="_blank"><div style="height:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true"><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">10 месяцев</span><span class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">·</span><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">С нуля</span></div><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h5);font-weight:bold" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Фронтенд-разработчик</p><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Изучите HTML, CSS, JavaScript и React</p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcyNywicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--2d5cbbf5c3b4a73ae4b2c50632305d78f5872e4d/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Programmer-rafiki.png" alt="Фронтенд-разработчик" loading="eager"/></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:end;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xl)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">от 6 792 ₽</p><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Посмотреть →</p></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer;height:100%"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/programs/js-oop?promo_name=programs_list&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=catalog_card&promo_type=card" target="_blank"><div style="height:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true"><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">2 месяца</span><span class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">·</span><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Для продвинутых</span></div><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h5);font-weight:bold" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">ООП на Javascript</p><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Изучите архитектуру и принципы чистого кода на JS</p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6NDAxOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--84efd2b6854b7000046e9ce06e6be85d38af5ab8/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/JavaScript%20frameworks-cuate.png" alt="ООП на Javascript" loading="eager"/></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:end;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xl)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">от 3 900 ₽</p><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Посмотреть →</p></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer;height:100%"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/programs/qa-auto-engineer-javascript?promo_name=programs_list&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=catalog_card&promo_type=card" target="_blank"><div style="height:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true"><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">6 месяцев</span><span class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">·</span><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Для продвинутых</span></div><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h5);font-weight:bold" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Автоматизатор тестирования на JavaScript</p><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Изучите: Git, JavaScript, Playwright, юнит-, API- и UI-тесты, Docker и SQL</p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6Mzk0MSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--9a9cd0863661374e7c92ea27b1270ac3299c0979/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Usability%20testing-pana.png" alt="Автоматизатор тестирования на JavaScript" loading="eager"/></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:end;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xl)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">от 4 281 ₽</p><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Посмотреть →</p></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer;height:100%"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/programs/typescript?promo_name=programs_list&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=catalog_card&promo_type=card" target="_blank"><div style="height:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true"><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">2 месяца</span><span class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">·</span><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Для продвинутых</span></div><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h5);font-weight:bold" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Typescript</p><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Изучите Typescript и получите навык снижать ошибки, упрощать отладку</p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzcwOSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--03e50bbd408fef672ad099f7b2a258d80f54ad96/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Hand%20coding-bro.png" alt="Typescript" loading="eager"/></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:end;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xl)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">от 3 900 ₽</p><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Посмотреть →</p></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer;height:100%"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/programs/javascript-basics-free?promo_name=programs_list&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=catalog_card&promo_type=card" target="_blank"><div style="height:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true"><div style="--group-gap:calc(0.25rem * var(--mantine-scale));--group-align:center;--group-justify:flex-start;--group-wrap:nowrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">1 месяц</span><span class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">·</span><span style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">С нуля</span></div><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h5);font-weight:bold" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Основы JavaScript</p><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root"></p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6MzY3OSwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--63b1e4a498081a9ffcf9ba460ef4249e57663579/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJ3ZWJwIiwicmVzaXplX3RvX2xpbWl0IjpbNDAwLDQwMF0sInNhdmVyIjp7InF1YWxpdHkiOjg1fX0sInB1ciI6InZhcmlhdGlvbiJ9fQ==--5b6f46dacd1af664f27558553a58076185091823/Coding%20workshop-pana.png" alt="Основы JavaScript" loading="eager"/></div><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:end;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap;margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xl)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Бесплатно</p><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Посмотреть →</p></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="m_d98df724 mantine-Carousel-slide" data-orientation="horizontal"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer;height:100%"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/courses?promo_name=programs_list&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=catalog_card&promo_type=card"><div style="height:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root" data-with-border="true"><h2 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h2-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h2-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h2-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-md);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h3)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="2" data-responsive="true">Каталог</h2><p style="margin-bottom:auto" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Полный список доступных курсов по разным направлениям</p><div style="margin-top:auto" class=""><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><img style="opacity:0.8;width:70%" class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root mantine-visible-from-xs" src="/vite/assets/development-BVihs_d5.png" alt="Orientation"/></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_5diub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:100%;--col-max-width:100%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_5diub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:16.666666666666668%;--col-max-width:16.666666666666668%;}}@media(min-width: 62em){.__m__-_R_5diub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:33.333333333333336%;--col-max-width:33.333333333333336%;}}</style><div class="m_96bdd299 mantine-Grid-col __m__-_R_5diub_ mantine-visible-from-md"><div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);padding:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);background:var(--mantine-color-blue-0);width:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root"><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-sm);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h4)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Похожие вопросы</p><ul class="m_abbac491 mantine-List-root"><li style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_abb6bec2 mantine-List-item" data-with-icon="true"><div class="m_75cd9f71 mantine-List-itemWrapper"><span class="m_60f83e5b mantine-List-itemIcon"><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-chevron-compact-right "><path d="M11 4l3 8l-3 8"></path></svg></div></div></span><span class="mantine-List-itemLabel"><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-osobennosti-ispolzovaniya-rekursivnogo-settimeout-po-sravneniyu-s-setinterval-v-javascript">в чем особенности использования рекурсивного settimeout по сравнению с setinterval в javascript
</a></span></div></li><li style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_abb6bec2 mantine-List-item" data-with-icon="true"><div class="m_75cd9f71 mantine-List-itemWrapper"><span class="m_60f83e5b mantine-List-itemIcon"><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-chevron-compact-right "><path d="M11 4l3 8l-3 8"></path></svg></div></div></span><span class="mantine-List-itemLabel"><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions/v-chem-osobennosti-i-ogranicheniya-queryselector-po-sravneniyu-s-getelementbyid-v-javascript">в чем особенности и ограничения queryselector по сравнению с getelementbyid в javascript
</a></span></div></li><li style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_abb6bec2 mantine-List-item" data-with-icon="true"><div class="m_75cd9f71 mantine-List-itemWrapper"><span class="m_60f83e5b mantine-List-itemIcon"><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-chevron-compact-right "><path d="M11 4l3 8l-3 8"></path></svg></div></div></span><span class="mantine-List-itemLabel"><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions/kak-rabotat-s-bibliotekoy-on-change">Как работать с библиотекой on-change</a></span></div></li><li style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_abb6bec2 mantine-List-item" data-with-icon="true"><div class="m_75cd9f71 mantine-List-itemWrapper"><span class="m_60f83e5b mantine-List-itemIcon"><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-chevron-compact-right "><path d="M11 4l3 8l-3 8"></path></svg></div></div></span><span class="mantine-List-itemLabel"><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions/kak-sdelat-drag-and-drop-javascript">Как сделать drag and drop javascript
</a></span></div></li><li style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="m_abb6bec2 mantine-List-item" data-with-icon="true"><div class="m_75cd9f71 mantine-List-itemWrapper"><span class="m_60f83e5b mantine-List-itemIcon"><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-chevron-compact-right "><path d="M11 4l3 8l-3 8"></path></svg></div></div></span><span class="mantine-List-itemLabel"><a class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/qna/javascript/questions/inject-js-chto-eto">inject js что это
</a></span></div></li></ul></div><div style="justify-content:end;margin-top:0rem;position:sticky;top:calc(5rem * var(--mantine-scale))" class="m_8bffd616 mantine-Flex-root __m__-_R_1bddiub_"><div tabindex="0" style="cursor:pointer"><a style="text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/courses_web_development?promo_name=program_category&promo_position=qna_question&promo_creative=card&promo_type=card"><div style="background-color:var(--mantine-color-default);border:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid var(--mantine-color-default-border);padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);padding-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);padding-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);width:100%" class="m_e615b15f mantine-Card-root m_1b7284a3 mantine-Paper-root"><div class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root" data-inline="true"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-h4)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Курсы по веб-разработке</p></div><img class="m_9e117634 mantine-Image-root" src="/vite/assets/development-BVihs_d5.png"/><p style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);text-align:right" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Посмотреть →</p></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
</main>
<footer class="bg-dark fw-light text-light px-3 py-5">
<div class="row small">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5 mb-3">Хекслет</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/about">О нас</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/testimonials">Отзывы</a>
</li>
<li>
<span class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0 external-link" data-href="https://b2b.hexlet.io" role="button">Корпоративное обучение</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/blog">Блог</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/qna">Вопросы и ответы</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/glossary">Глоссарий</a>
</li>
<li>
<span class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0 external-link" data-href="https://help.hexlet.io" data-target="_blank" role="button">Справка</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="/map">Карта сайта</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5 fw-normal mb-3">Направления</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_devops">DevOps
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_data_analytics">Аналитика
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_backend_development">Бэкенд
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_programming">Программирование
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_testing">Тестирование
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_front_end_dev">Фронтенд
</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5">Профессии</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/devops-engineer-from-scratch">DevOps-инженер с нуля</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/go">Go-разработчик</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/java">Java-разработчик</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/python">Python-разработчик </a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/data-analytics">Аналитик данных</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/qa-engineer">Инженер по ручному тестированию</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/php">РНР-разработчик</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/frontend">Фронтенд-разработчик</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5">Навыки</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/python-django-developer">Django</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/docker">Docker</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/php-laravel-developer">Laravel</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/postman">Postman</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/js-react-developer">React</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/js-rest-api">REST API в Node.js</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/spring-boot">Spring Boot</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/typescript">Typescript</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-4 col-md-2">
<div class="fs-4">
<ul class="list-unstyled d-flex">
<li class="me-3">
<a aria-label="Telegram" target="_blank" class="link-light" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://t.me/hexlet_ru"><span class="bi bi-telegram"></span>
</a></li>
<li>
<a aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" class="link-light" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/HexletUniversity"><span class="bi bi-youtube"></span>
</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="mb-2 d-flex flex-column">
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none" rel="nofollow" href="mailto:support@hexlet.io">support@hexlet.io</a>
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none py-2" target="_blank" href="https://t.me/hexlet_help_bot">t.me/hexlet_help_bot</a>
</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled d-flex">
<li class="me-3">
<span class="link-light text-decoration-none opacity-50 x-font-size-18 external-link" rel="nofollow" data-href="https://hexlet.io/locale/switch?new_locale=en" data-target="_self" role="button"><span class="my-auto">EN</span>
</span></li>
<li class="me-3">
<span class="link-light text-decoration-none opacity-50 x-font-size-18 opacity-100 external-link" rel="nofollow" data-href="https://ru.hexlet.io/locale/switch?new_locale=ru" data-target="_self" role="button"><span class="my-auto">RU</span>
</span></li>
<li class="me-3">
<span class="link-light text-decoration-none opacity-50 x-font-size-18 external-link" rel="nofollow" data-href="https://kz.hexlet.io/locale/switch?new_locale=kz" data-target="_self" role="button"><span class="my-auto">KZ</span>
</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3">
<ul class="list-unstyled fs-4">
<li class="mb-3">
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none" href="tel:8%20800%20100%2022%2047">8 800 100 22 47</a>
<span class="d-block opacity-50 small">бесплатно по РФ</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none" href="tel:%2B7%20495%20085%2021%2062">+7 495 085 21 62</a>
<span class="d-block opacity-50 small">бесплатно по Москве</span>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3">
<div class="small mb-3">Образовательные услуги оказываются на основании Л035-01298-77/01989008 от 14.03.2025</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled small">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/legal">Правовая информация</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/offer">Оферта</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/license">Лицензия</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/contacts">Контакты</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-4 small">
<div class="mb-2">
<div>ООО «<a href="/" class="text-decoration-none link-light">Хекслет Рус</a>»</div>
<div>108813 г. Москва, вн.тер.г. поселение Московский,</div>
<div>г. Московский, ул. Солнечная, д. 3А, стр. 1, помещ. 20Б/3</div>
<div>ОГРН 1217300010476</div>
<div>ИНН 7325174845</div>
</div>
<hr>
<div>АНО ДПО «<a href="/" class="text-decoration-none link-light">Учебный центр «Хекслет</a>»</div>
<div>119331 г. Москва, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ</div>
<div>Ломоносовский, пр-кт Вернадского, д. 29</div>
<div>ОГРН 1247700712390</div>
<div>ИНН 7736364948</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<div id="root-assistant-offcanvas"></div>
<script src="/vite/assets/assistant-D8AK0-_C.js" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module"></script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/chunk-DsPFFUou.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/init-DOv3_-Z_.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/ErrorFallbackBlock-naDSYSy9.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/MarkdownBlock-DbyKWoR_.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/gon-D3e4yh1x.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/mantine-CGMYrt2Y.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/shiki-V011pkdv.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/utils-DRqSHbQE.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/routes-CCH8ilKF.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/lib-XR8Qr8kR.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/dist-GCHh59xr.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Box-B5-OOzBf.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/notifications.store-C-3AFSMn.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/useIsomorphicEffect-HJ6VK0D3.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/lib-KSp6QbZ0.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/axios-BEvgo0ym.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/classnames-l6ipYlLR.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/dayjs.min-BkKovM-s.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/debounce-jMQ_Cf4f.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/i18next-BlSq9s7B.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/client-U9M77rxp.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-dom-DaLxUz_h.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/useTranslation-Bx1Cdrkz.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/compiler-runtime-6XxiPFnt.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/jsx-runtime-CwjcCKJi.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-CkL4ZRHB.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<script defer src="https://static.cloudflareinsights.com/beacon.min.js/v67327c56f0bb4ef8b305cae61679db8f1769101564043" integrity="sha512-rdcWY47ByXd76cbCFzznIcEaCN71jqkWBBqlwhF1SY7KubdLKZiEGeP7AyieKZlGP9hbY/MhGrwXzJC/HulNyg==" data-cf-beacon='{"version":"2024.11.0","token":"d11015b65d11429ea6b4a2ef37dd7e0b","server_timing":{"name":{"cfCacheStatus":true,"cfEdge":true,"cfExtPri":true,"cfL4":true,"cfOrigin":true,"cfSpeedBrain":true},"location_startswith":null}}' crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>