Rivalry2

Базы данных: SQL (DQL)
2026-02-26 20:12 Diff
https://ru.hexlet.io/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/theory_unit
Хекслет
О нас
Отзывы
Корпоративное обучение
Блог
Вопросы и ответы
Глоссарий
Справка
Карта сайта
Профессии
DevOps-инженер с нуля
Go-разработчик
Java-разработчик
Python-разработчик
Аналитик данных
Инженер по ручному тестированию
РНР-разработчик
Фронтенд-разработчик
Навыки
Django
Docker
Laravel
Postman
React
REST API в Node.js
Spring Boot
Typescript
8 800 100 22 47 бесплатно по РФ
+7 495 085 21 62 бесплатно по Москве
108813 г. Москва, вн.тер.г. поселение Московский,
г. Московский, ул. Солнечная, д. 3А, стр. 1, помещ. 20Б/3
ОГРН 1217300010476
ИНН 7325174845
119331 г. Москва, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ
Ломоносовский, пр-кт Вернадского, д. 29
ОГРН 1247700712390
ИНН 7736364948
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="h-100" data-bs-theme="light" data-mantine-color-scheme="light" lang="ru" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
<meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible">
<link crossorigin="true" href="https://cdn.hexlet.io" rel="preconnect">
<link href="https://mc.yandex.ru" rel="preconnect">
<meta content="aa2vrdtq64dub8knuf83lwywit311w" name="facebook-domain-verification">
<link href="/favicon.ico" rel="icon" sizes="any">
<link href="/favicon.svg" rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml">
<link href="/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">
<link href="/manifest.webmanifest" rel="manifest">

<script>
//<![CDATA[
window.gon={};gon.ym_counter="25559621";gon.is_bot=true;gon.applications={};gon.current_user={"id":null,"last_viewed_notification_id":null,"email":null,"state":null,"first_name":"","last_name":"","created_at":"2026-02-26 20:12:01 UTC","current_program":null,"current_team":null,"full_name":"","guest":true,"can_use_paid_features":false,"is_hexlet_employee":false,"sanitized_phone_number":"","can_subscribe":true,"can_renew_education":false};gon.token="krVJXDWXzHB_oJxhG09xFxX-NBCYbAjMLx0lqISXwkh9ZIJrx-lhEMnjuPkXQIFg1fcZupBb9m6S_b_81pAlJg";gon.locale="ru";gon.language="ru";gon.theme="light";gon.rails_env="production";gon.mobile=false;gon.google={"analytics_key":"UA-1360700-51","optimize_key":"GTM-5QDVFPF"};gon.captcha={"google_v3_site_key":"6LenGbgZAAAAAM7HbrDbn5JlizCSzPcS767c9vaY","yandex_site_key":"ysc1_Vyob5ZPPUdPBsu0ykt8bVFdzsfpoVjQChLGl2b4g19647a89","verification_failed":null};gon.social_signin=false;gon.typoreporter_google_form_id="1FAIpQLSeibfGq-KvWQ2Fyru-zkFFRVTLBuzXAHAoEyN1p49FtDmNoNA";
//]]>
</script>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Объединения таблиц | Базы данных: SQL (DQL)</title>
<meta name="description" content="Объединения таблиц / Базы данных: SQL (DQL): Изучаем оператор join и реализацию inner join">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://ru.hexlet.io/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/theory_unit">
<meta name="robots" content="noarchive">
<meta property="og:title" content="Объединения таблиц">
<meta property="og:title" content="Базы данных: SQL (DQL)">
<meta property="og:description" content="Объединения таблиц / Базы данных: SQL (DQL): Изучаем оператор join и реализацию inner join">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://ru.hexlet.io/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/theory_unit">
<meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" />
<meta name="csrf-token" content="_BMmv_Y3l5_sZ0JgkdDwHfsN0jDHhb5uS6evK6T2ERETwu2IBEk6_1okZvid3wBqOwT_ms-yQMz2RzV_9vH2fw" />



<script src="/vite/assets/inertia-DfXos102.js" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module"></script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/chunk-DsPFFUou.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/preload-helper-BJ4cLWpC.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/init-BrRXra1y.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/ahoy-DrlRQ-1D.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/analytics-cb8xch9l.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/ErrorFallbackBlock-naDSYSy9.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Surface-DL2bpZA-.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/gon-D3e4yh1x.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/mantine-CGMYrt2Y.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/utils-DRqSHbQE.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/routes-CCH8ilKF.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/extends-C-EagtpE.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/inheritsLoose-BBd-DCVI.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/objectWithoutPropertiesLoose-DRHXDhjp.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/index.esm-DAqKOkZ0.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Button-CGPUux8l.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/CloseButton-D1euiPao.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Group-BX48WcuU.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Loader-BQEY8g6v.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Modal-Cy3HByv7.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/OptionalPortal-1Hza5P2w.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Stack-CtjJzfw4.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Textarea-Ck64llAy.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Box-B5-OOzBf.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/DirectionProvider-Dc9zdUke.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/events-DJQOhap0.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/use-reduced-motion-D2owz4wa.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/use-disclosure-zKtK5W1r.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/use-hotkeys-Cnc_Rwkb.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/random-id-DOQyszCZ.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/notifications.store-C-3AFSMn.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/exports-C_MrNx_T.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/axios-BEvgo0ym.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/dayjs.min-BkKovM-s.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/i18next-BlSq9s7B.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/client-U9M77rxp.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-dom-DaLxUz_h.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/useTranslation-Bx1Cdrkz.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/compiler-runtime-6XxiPFnt.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/jsx-runtime-CwjcCKJi.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-CkL4ZRHB.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/vite/assets/application-BqhCP46M.js" />
<script src="/vite/assets/application-Df9RExpe.js" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module"></script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/chunk-DsPFFUou.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/autocomplete-VMNbxKGl.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/routes-CCH8ilKF.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/createPopper-C3aM9r1M.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/js.cookie-D1-O8zkX.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/vite/assets/application-C8HjmMaq.css" media="screen" />
<script>
  window.ym = function(){(ym.a=ym.a||[]).push(arguments)};
  window.addEventListener('load', function() {
    setTimeout(function() {
      ym.l = 1*new Date();
      ym(window.gon.ym_counter, "init", {
        clickmap: true,
        trackLinks: true,
        accurateTrackBounce: true,
        webvisor: true
      });
  
      // Загружаем скрипт
      var k = document.createElement('script');
      k.async = 1;
      k.src = 'https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js';
      document.head.appendChild(k);
  
      ym(window.gon.ym_counter, 'getClientID', function(clientID) {
        window.ymClientId = clientID;
      });
    }, 1500);
  });
</script>

<!-- Google Tag Manager - deferred -->
<script>
  // dataLayer stub сразу — пуши работают до загрузки скрипта
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  
  // Сам скрипт — отложенно после load
  window.addEventListener('load', function() {
    setTimeout(function() {
      dataLayer.push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'});
      var j = document.createElement('script');
      j.async = true;
      j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-WK88TH';
      document.head.appendChild(j);
    }, 1500);
  });
</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->




</head>
<body>
<noscript>
<div>
<img alt="" src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/25559621" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;">
</div>
</noscript>


<header class="sticky-top bg-body">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg">
<div class="container-xxl">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="/"><img alt="Логотип Хекслета" height="24" src="https://ru.hexlet.io/vite/assets/logo_ru_light-BpiEA1LT.svg" width="96">
</a><button aria-controls="collapsable" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Меню" class="navbar-toggler border-0 mb-0 mt-1" data-bs-target="#collapsable" data-bs-toggle="collapse">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsable">
<ul class="navbar-nav mb-lg-0 mt-lg-1">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<button aria-haspopup class="btn nav-link" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" type="button">
Все курсы
<span class="bi bi-chevron-down align-middle ms-1"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item d-flex py-2" href="/courses"><div class="fw-bold me-auto">Все что есть</div>
<div class="text-muted">117</div>
</a></li>
<li>
<hr class="dropdown-divider">
</li>
<li class="dropdown-item">
<b>Популярные категории</b>
</li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_devops">Курсы по DevOps
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_data_analytics">Курсы по аналитике данных
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_programming">Курсы по программированию
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/courses_testing">Курсы по тестированию
</a></li>
<li>
<hr class="dropdown-divider">
</li>
<li class="dropdown-item">
<b>Популярные курсы</b>
</li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/devops-engineer-from-scratch">DevOps-инженер с нуля
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/go">Go-разработчик
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/java">Java-разработчик
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/python">Python-разработчик 
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/qa-auto-engineer-java">Автоматизатор тестирования на Java
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/data-analytics">Аналитик данных
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/programs/frontend">Фронтенд-разработчик
</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<button aria-haspopup class="btn nav-link" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" type="button">
О Хекслете
<span class="bi bi-chevron-down align-middle"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu bg-body">
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/pages/about">О нас
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/blog">Блог
</a></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://special.hexlet.io/hse-research" role="button">Результаты (Исследование)
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://career.hexlet.io" role="button">Хекслет Карьера
</span></li>
<li>
<a class="dropdown-item py-2" href="/testimonials">Отзывы студентов
</a></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://t.me/hexlet_help_bot" role="button">Поддержка (В ТГ)
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://special.hexlet.io/referal-program/?promo_creative=priglasite-druzei&amp;promo_name=referal-program&amp;promo_position=promo_position&amp;promo_start=010724&amp;promo_type=link" role="button">Реферальная программа
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://special.hexlet.io/certificate" role="button">Подарочные сертификаты
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item py-2 external-link" data-href="https://hh.ru/employer/4307094" role="button">Вакансии
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item d-flex external-link" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" data-href="https://b2b.hexlet.io" data-target="_blank" role="button">Компаниям
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item d-flex external-link" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" data-href="https://hexly.ru/" data-target="_blank" role="button">Колледж
</span></li>
<li>
<span class="dropdown-item d-flex external-link" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" data-href="https://hexlyschool.ru/" data-target="_blank" role="button">Частная школа
</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="/subscription/new">Подписка</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="navbar-nav flex-lg-row align-items-lg-center gap-2 ms-auto">
<li>
<a class="nav-link" aria-label="Переключить тему" href="/theme/switch?new_theme=dark"><span aria-hidden="true" class="bi bi-moon"></span>
</a></li>
<li>
<span data-target="_self" class="nav-link external-link" data-href="/u/new" role="button"><span>Регистрация</span>
</span></li>
<li>
<span data-target="_self" class="nav-link external-link" data-href="https://ru.hexlet.io/session/new" role="button"><span>Вход</span>
</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<div class="x-container-xxxl">

</div>

<main class="mb-6 min-vh-100 h-100">
<div id="app" data-page="{&quot;component&quot;:&quot;web/courses/lessons/theory_unit&quot;,&quot;props&quot;:{&quot;errors&quot;:{},&quot;locale&quot;:&quot;ru&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;ru&quot;,&quot;httpsHost&quot;:&quot;https://ru.hexlet.io&quot;,&quot;host&quot;:&quot;ru.hexlet.io&quot;,&quot;colorScheme&quot;:&quot;light&quot;,&quot;auth&quot;:{&quot;user&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:null,&quot;last_viewed_notification_id&quot;:null,&quot;email&quot;:null,&quot;state&quot;:null,&quot;first_name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;last_name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_at&quot;:&quot;2026-02-26T20:12:01.832Z&quot;,&quot;current_program&quot;:null,&quot;current_team&quot;:null,&quot;full_name&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;guest&quot;:true,&quot;can_use_paid_features&quot;:false,&quot;is_hexlet_employee&quot;:false,&quot;sanitized_phone_number&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;can_subscribe&quot;:true,&quot;can_renew_education&quot;:false}},&quot;cloudflareTurnstileSiteKey&quot;:&quot;0x4AAAAAAA15KmeFXzd2H0Xo&quot;,&quot;vkIdClientId&quot;:&quot;51586979&quot;,&quot;yandexIdClientId&quot;:&quot;88d071f1d3384eb4bd1deb37910235c7&quot;,&quot;formAuthToken&quot;:&quot;W5Pjw4V0PD4We9iCMtZ839KJ7ovhT-l_1IhlUN8GHaW0Qij0dwqRXqA4_Bo-2YyoEoDDIel4F91paP8EjQH6yw&quot;,&quot;topics&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:18102,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;`select c.name as category_name, g.name as name from goods as g join categories as c on g.id=c.id\n  where g.price &gt;2 order by g.name asc limit 2;`\nПочему в итоге категории определяет верно, но товары берет из таблицы cars только?\n```\nExpected value to equal:\n      [{\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;cars\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;fiat\&quot;}, {\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;products\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;eggs\&quot;}]\n    Received:\n      [{\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;cars\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;bmw\&quot;}, {\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;products\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;kia\&quot;}]\n```&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;select c.name as category_name, g.name as name from goods as g join categories as c on g.id=c.id   where g.price &gt;2 order by g.name asc limit 2; Почему в итоге категории определяет верно, но товары берет из таблицы cars только?  Expected value to equal:       [{\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;cars\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;fiat\&quot;}, {\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;products\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;eggs\&quot;}]     Received:       [{\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;cars\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;bmw\&quot;}, {\&quot;category_name\&quot;: \&quot;products\&quot;, \&quot;name\&quot;: \&quot;kia\&quot;}]  &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Sun U&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:160539,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Александр О.&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:61806,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:38209,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Добрый день!\n\n1. Сортировка неверная\n2. Не по правильным полям делаете соединение таблиц\n&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:18102}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:1691,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;_Дан запрос:_\n\n```\nselect * from cars join makers on maker.id = maker_id;\n```\n\n_Почему здесь явно указан maker.id (а не просто id)?_\n\nСкорее всего в\n ```\nmaker.id = maker_id\n``` \nимелось ввиду\n ```\nmakers.id = maker_id\n\n```&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;Дан запрос: select * from cars join makers on maker.id = maker_id; Почему здесь явно указан maker.id (а не просто id)? Скорее всего в   maker.id = maker_id   имелось ввиду  ``` makers.id = maker_id &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;DGrachov&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:63916,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Eugene Komissarov&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:105962,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6819,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;До сих пор не исправлено...&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:1691},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Rakhim D.&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:42197,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:2924,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Вы правы, спасибо, исправил опечатку.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:1691}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:16532,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;В видео встречаются слова\n&gt; любые клозы\n\nКакое аналог в английском этому слову и что это такое?&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;В видео встречаются слова любые клозы Какое аналог в английском этому слову и что это такое? &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Андрей Виняйкин&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:154099,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Андрей Виняйкин&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:154099,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35036,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;А как замыкания (клозы) участвуют в запросах SQL.\n\nМеханизм реализации команд where, order by, limit и др. использует замыкания?!&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Андрей Виняйкин&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:154099,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35067,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;4:13&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35346,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Вот https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6324375/what-is-a-database-closure&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Андрей Виняйкин&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:154099,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35225,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;это был тайминг 4м 13 сек&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Андрей Виняйкин&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:154099,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35402,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;теперь хотя бы немного ясно, спс.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35012,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_(computer_programming)&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:35063,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;А какой тайминг? Где я это говорю?&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:16532}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:2631,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;мб в отдельном файле прикладывать структуру таблиц? А то приходится селектом сначала лазить проверять что и как там.&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;мб в отдельном файле прикладывать структуру таблиц? А то приходится селектом сначала лазить проверять что и как там. &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Kikimov&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:79345,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6124,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Нужно делать все один в один как в видео. Набираете в терминале `psql` и подключаетесь.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:2631},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Алексей Владимирович&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:98964,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6129,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Так там пользователи (ни `vagrant` ни `postgres`) не найдены.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:2631},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6140,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Наберите просто `psql`.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:2631},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:4289,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Это одна из целей. Практиковать анализ базы. А почему селектом? В начале же (в ddl) объяснялись команды `psql`.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:2631},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Алексей Владимирович&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:98964,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6123,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;А где эти команды использовать в задании?&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:2631}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:3982,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Было бы здорово ссылкой приложить к уроку первый слайд, показывающий работу со множествами.&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;Было бы здорово ссылкой приложить к уроку первый слайд, показывающий работу со множествами. &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Ярослав Подгорнов&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:93750,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6774,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Добавил в теорию ссылку на прекрасную иллюстрацию. &quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:3982}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:4919,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Мой запрос:\n\n```\nselect g.name as name, c.name as category_name from goods as g join categories as c on g.category_id = c.id where g.price &gt; 2 order by g.name desc limit 2;\n```\n\nпри проверке выдает ошибку:\n```\nmake: Entering directory `/usr/src/app&#x27;\n\n\n  rows\n\n    1) should be updated\n\n\n  0 passing (31ms)\n  1 failing\n\n  1) rows should be updated:\n     error: syntax error at or near \&quot;name\&quot;\n      at Connection.parseE (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/pg-promise/node_modules/pg/lib/connection.js:539:11)\n      at Connection.parseMessage (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/pg-promise/node_modules/pg/lib/connection.js:366:17)\n      at Socket.&lt;anonymous&gt; (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/pg-promise/node_modules/pg/lib/connection.js:105:22)\n      at readableAddChunk (_stream_readable.js:153:18)\n      at Socket.Readable.push (_stream_readable.js:111:10)\n      at Pipe.onread (net.js:531:20)\n\n\n\nmake: *** [test] Error 1\nmake: Leaving directory `/usr/src/app&#x27;\nRun failed! Check and fix errors above!\n\n```\n\nХотя при запросе к БД выдается верный результат.&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;Мой запрос: select g.name as name, c.name as category_name from goods as g join categories as c on g.category_id = c.id where g.price &gt; 2 order by g.name desc limit 2; при проверке выдает ошибку: `` make: Entering directory/usr/src/app&#x27;   rows 1) should be updated   0 passing (31ms)   1 failing   1) rows should be updated:      error: syntax error at or near \&quot;name\&quot;       at Connection.parseE (/usr/local/lib/nodemodules/pg-promise/nodemodules/pg/lib/connection.js:539:11)       at Connection.parseMessage (/usr/local/lib/nodemodules/pg-promise/nodemodules/pg/lib/connection.js:366:17)       at Socket. (/usr/local/lib/nodemodules/pg-promise/nodemodules/pg/lib/connection.js:105:22)       at readableAddChunk (streamreadable.js:153:18)       at Socket.Readable.push (streamreadable.js:111:10)       at Pipe.onread (net.js:531:20) make: *** [test] Error 1 make: Leaving directory `/usr/src/app&#x27; Run failed! Check and fix errors above!  Хотя при запросе к БД выдается верный результат. &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Tatyana Bogdanova&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:56621,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Роман Лахтадыр&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:103858,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:8600,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Попробуйте сбросить прогресс урока и выполнить задание снова.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:4919}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:12552,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Касательно логики, как мне это представлялось:\n-  выбираем данные оператором SELECT\n-  выбираем откуда оператором FROM\n-  далее, следуют операции: ORDER BY, LIKE, etc.\n \nи вот здесь момент непонятный: почему работает например такая команда\n ```select goods.name, categories.name from goods...``` \nвыходит, что \&quot;выбери goods.name, categories.name из таблицы goods и далее join..\&quot;\nпричем без join оно не работает, что логично. Такая же история с ярлыками, которые объявляются задним числом.\nБыло бы понятно, если бы это работало как ```select goods.name from goods and categories.id from categories``` но это не так, к сожалению. Может быть есть какая-то логическая цепочка построения запросов? Помогите понять, пожалуйста.&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;Касательно логики, как мне это представлялось: -  выбираем данные оператором SELECT -  выбираем откуда оператором FROM -  далее, следуют операции: ORDER BY, LIKE, etc. и вот здесь момент непонятный: почему работает например такая команда  select goods.name, categories.name from goods...  выходит, что \&quot;выбери goods.name, categories.name из таблицы goods и далее join..\&quot; причем без join оно не работает, что логично. Такая же история с ярлыками, которые объявляются задним числом. Было бы понятно, если бы это работало как select goods.name from goods and categories.id from categories но это не так, к сожалению. Может быть есть какая-то логическая цепочка построения запросов? Помогите понять, пожалуйста. &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Максим Пешков&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1831,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Максим Пешков&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1831,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:26863,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;как раз множества вы очень здорово объяснили. Вы вообще очень круто всё объясняете)). Я видимо не могу правильно выражать мысли. Сами джоины, как оказалось, достаточно просты, но вот логика выборки непонятна. Именно порядок выбора данных, как он осуществляется. Наверное стоит пересмотреть уроки еще несколько раз.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:12552},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Максим Пешков&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1831,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:26414,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Голова у меня не работает, Кирилл)). Ошибок нет, просто я не понял как это устроено. Я себе представил это так: выдели данные из таблицы такой то и соедини объедини и тд. с другой. А здесь получается выбери данные столбца goods, данные столбца categories из таблицы goods и это меня смутило.  \n```\n// removed\n```&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:12552},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:26228,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Я не понял что у вас не работает и какая при этом возникает ошибка.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:12552},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:26434,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;`FROM goods INNER JOIN categories` это соединение двух таблиц. Вам бы хорошо почитать хотя бы основы теории множеств и дальше уже с этими знаниями осознать http://sql-joins.leopard.in.ua/&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:12552},{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Natalia A.&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:189144,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:44562,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Максим, с вами все окей, я вас понимаю, потому что меня так же смутил этот момент :) Попробуйте воспринимать \&quot;FROM goods JOIN categories\&quot; как одно целое, и что выбор данных из колонок происходит не из \&quot;FROM goods\&quot;, а именно из \&quot;FROM (goods JOIN categories)\&quot;. Это если ещё актуально.. ))&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:12552}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:4449,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;limit уже будет лишним при условии цены. Может пример чуть подправить? Я к тому, что без лимита тоже проходит тест.&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;limit уже будет лишним при условии цены. Может пример чуть подправить? Я к тому, что без лимита тоже проходит тест. &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Александр Терёхин&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:597,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:7664,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Спасибо! Поправил.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:4449}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:4271,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;В решении учителя отсутствует &#x27;;&#x27;.&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;В решении учителя отсутствует &#x27;;&#x27;. &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Андрей Мельченко&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:91825,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Kirill Mokevnin&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:7225,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;Спасибо! Поправил.&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:4271}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}},{&quot;id&quot;:3871,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Моё задание не проходит тест\nПишет \&quot;rows should be updated\&quot;&quot;,&quot;plain_title&quot;:&quot;Моё задание не проходит тест Пишет \&quot;rows should be updated\&quot; &quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Олжас Маликов&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:43989,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;comments&quot;:[{&quot;creator&quot;:{&quot;public_name&quot;:&quot;Олжас Маликов&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:43989,&quot;is_tutor&quot;:false},&quot;id&quot;:6471,&quot;body&quot;:&quot;все, разобрался)&quot;,&quot;topic_id&quot;:3871}],&quot;communitable&quot;:{&quot;parent_entity_name&quot;:null,&quot;parent_entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;entity_name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;entity_url&quot;:null,&quot;active&quot;:true}}],&quot;lesson&quot;:{&quot;exercise&quot;:null,&quot;units&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:831,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;theory&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/theory_unit&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:833,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;quiz&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/quiz_unit&quot;}],&quot;links&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:424597,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Наглядное представление работы join на примере множеств&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://sql-joins.leopard.in.ua/&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:424598,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Join (SQL) / Википедия&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_(SQL)&quot;}],&quot;ordered_units&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:831,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;theory&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/theory_unit&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:833,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;quiz&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/quiz_unit&quot;}],&quot;id&quot;:455,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;inner_join&quot;,&quot;state&quot;:&quot;approved&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Объединения таблиц&quot;,&quot;course_order&quot;:800,&quot;goal&quot;:&quot;Изучаем оператор join и реализацию inner join&quot;,&quot;self_study&quot;:null,&quot;theory_video_provider&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;theory_video_uid&quot;:&quot;136605265&quot;,&quot;theory&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;lessonMember&quot;:null,&quot;courseMember&quot;:null,&quot;course&quot;:{&quot;start_lesson&quot;:{&quot;exercise&quot;:null,&quot;units&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:779,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;theory&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/select/theory_unit&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:781,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;quiz&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/select/quiz_unit&quot;}],&quot;links&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:424554,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Использование SQL для извлечения информации из таблиц&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://postgresql.men/gruber/ch3.html&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:424555,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;SELECT / PostgreSQL documentation&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-select.html&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:424556,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Википедия / Что такое ORM&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORM&quot;}],&quot;ordered_units&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:779,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;theory&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/select/theory_unit&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:781,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;quiz&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/select/quiz_unit&quot;}],&quot;id&quot;:436,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;select&quot;,&quot;state&quot;:&quot;approved&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Select&quot;,&quot;course_order&quot;:100,&quot;goal&quot;:&quot;Знакомимся с командой select в современных базах данных на примере PostgreSQL&quot;,&quot;self_study&quot;:null,&quot;theory_video_provider&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;theory_video_uid&quot;:&quot;135837705&quot;,&quot;theory&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;id&quot;:86,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;sql-dql&quot;,&quot;challenges_count&quot;:0,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Базы данных: SQL (DQL)&quot;,&quot;allow_indexing&quot;:true,&quot;state&quot;:&quot;approved&quot;,&quot;course_state&quot;:&quot;finished&quot;,&quot;pricing_type&quot;:&quot;free&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;На этом курсе вы изучите Data Query Language (DQL). Вы узнаете больше о языке запросов SQL и основных операторах выборки данных. В итоге вы научитесь создавать запросы на выборку данных, фильтровать и сортировать данные, а также использовать агрегатные функции. SQL (DQL) пригодится, если вы решите научиться разбивать большие запросы на подзапросы. Знания из этого курса помогают программистам группировать данные из таблиц и ограничивать количество строк в выборке.&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;sandbox&quot;,&quot;updated_at&quot;:&quot;2026-01-20T11:47:39.787Z&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;sql&quot;,&quot;duration_cache&quot;:10980,&quot;skills&quot;:[&quot;Выполнять запросы на выборку с учетом разных параметров, ограничений и сортировок&quot;,&quot;Соединять таблицы между собой для извлечения данных из разных мест одним запросом&quot;,&quot;Группировать данные в запросах для получения агрегированных результатов&quot;,&quot;Использовать подзапросы для сложных выборок&quot;],&quot;keywords&quot;:[&quot;like&quot;,&quot;distinct&quot;,&quot;группировка&quot;,&quot;соединения&quot;,&quot;подзапросы&quot;],&quot;lessons_count&quot;:10,&quot;cover&quot;:&quot;https://hexlet.io/rails/active_storage/representations/proxy/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6Nzg1MiwicHVyIjoiYmxvYl9pZCJ9fQ==--e701fa1dde06b1cbebddd061460e861fb9fbd97c/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsiZGF0YSI6eyJmb3JtYXQiOiJwbmciLCJyZXNpemVfdG9fZmlsbCI6WzYwMCw0MDBdfSwicHVyIjoidmFyaWF0aW9uIn19--6067466c2912ca31a17eddee04b8cf2a38c6ad17/image.png&quot;},&quot;recommendedLandings&quot;:[],&quot;lessonMemberUnit&quot;:null,&quot;accessToLearnUnitExists&quot;:true,&quot;accessToCourseExists&quot;:true},&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/theory_unit&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;8f286f6358a90a7bef2263b3a6edf5a90a94fa42&quot;,&quot;encryptHistory&quot;:false,&quot;clearHistory&quot;:false}"><style data-mantine-styles="true">:root, :host{--mantine-font-family: Arial, sans-serif;--mantine-font-family-headings: Arial, sans-serif;--mantine-heading-font-weight: normal;--mantine-radius-default: 0rem;--mantine-primary-color-filled: var(--mantine-color-indigo-filled);--mantine-primary-color-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-indigo-filled-hover);--mantine-primary-color-light: var(--mantine-color-indigo-light);--mantine-primary-color-light-hover: var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover);--mantine-primary-color-light-color: var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--mantine-spacing-xxl: calc(4rem * var(--mantine-scale));--mantine-font-size-xs: 12px;--mantine-font-size-sm: 14px;--mantine-font-size-md: 16px;--mantine-font-size-lg: clamp(16.0000px, calc(15.2727px + 0.2273vw), 18.0000px);--mantine-font-size-xl: clamp(16.0000px, calc(14.5455px + 0.4545vw), 20.0000px);--mantine-font-size-display-3: clamp(32.0000px, calc(26.1818px + 1.8182vw), 48.0000px);--mantine-font-size-display-2: clamp(36.0000px, calc(25.8182px + 3.1818vw), 64.0000px);--mantine-font-size-display-1: clamp(40.0000px, calc(25.4545px + 4.5455vw), 80.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h1: clamp(28.0000px, calc(23.6364px + 1.3636vw), 40.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h2: clamp(24.0000px, calc(21.0909px + 0.9091vw), 32.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h3: clamp(20.0000px, calc(17.0909px + 0.9091vw), 28.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h4: clamp(16.0000px, calc(13.0909px + 0.9091vw), 24.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h5: clamp(16.0000px, calc(14.5455px + 0.4545vw), 20.0000px);--mantine-font-size-h6: 1rem;--mantine-primary-color-0: var(--mantine-color-indigo-0);--mantine-primary-color-1: var(--mantine-color-indigo-1);--mantine-primary-color-2: var(--mantine-color-indigo-2);--mantine-primary-color-3: var(--mantine-color-indigo-3);--mantine-primary-color-4: var(--mantine-color-indigo-4);--mantine-primary-color-5: var(--mantine-color-indigo-5);--mantine-primary-color-6: var(--mantine-color-indigo-6);--mantine-primary-color-7: var(--mantine-color-indigo-7);--mantine-primary-color-8: var(--mantine-color-indigo-8);--mantine-primary-color-9: var(--mantine-color-indigo-9);--mantine-color-red-0: #ffeaea;--mantine-color-red-1: #fed4d4;--mantine-color-red-2: #f4a7a8;--mantine-color-red-3: #ec7878;--mantine-color-red-4: #e55050;--mantine-color-red-5: #e03131;--mantine-color-red-6: #e02829;--mantine-color-red-7: #c71a1c;--mantine-color-red-8: #b21218;--mantine-color-red-9: #9c0411;--mantine-color-violet-0: #fce9ff;--mantine-color-violet-1: #f1cfff;--mantine-color-violet-2: #e09bff;--mantine-color-violet-3: #d16fff;--mantine-color-violet-4: #be37fe;--mantine-color-violet-5: #b51afe;--mantine-color-violet-6: #b009ff;--mantine-color-violet-7: #9b00e4;--mantine-color-violet-8: #8a00cc;--mantine-color-violet-9: #7800b3;--mantine-color-indigo-0: #edecff;--mantine-color-indigo-1: #d6d5fe;--mantine-color-indigo-2: #aaa9f4;--mantine-color-indigo-3: #7b79eb;--mantine-color-indigo-4: #5451e4;--mantine-color-indigo-5: #3b37e0;--mantine-color-indigo-6: #2d2adf;--mantine-color-indigo-7: #1f1ec7;--mantine-color-indigo-8: #1819b2;--mantine-color-indigo-9: #0c149e;--mantine-color-cyan-0: #dffdff;--mantine-color-cyan-1: #caf5ff;--mantine-color-cyan-2: #99e8ff;--mantine-color-cyan-3: #64daff;--mantine-color-cyan-4: #3ccffe;--mantine-color-cyan-5: #24c8fe;--mantine-color-cyan-6: #00c2ff;--mantine-color-cyan-7: #00ade4;--mantine-color-cyan-8: #009acd;--mantine-color-cyan-9: #0085b5;--mantine-color-green-0: #e9fdec;--mantine-color-green-1: #d7f6dc;--mantine-color-green-2: #b0eab9;--mantine-color-green-3: #86df94;--mantine-color-green-4: #62d574;--mantine-color-green-5: #4ccf5f;--mantine-color-green-6: #3fcc54;--mantine-color-green-7: #2fb344;--mantine-color-green-8: #25a03b;--mantine-color-green-9: #138a2e;--mantine-color-yellow-0: #fff7e2;--mantine-color-yellow-1: #ffeecd;--mantine-color-yellow-2: #ffdc9c;--mantine-color-yellow-3: #ffc966;--mantine-color-yellow-4: #feb93a;--mantine-color-yellow-5: #feae1e;--mantine-color-yellow-6: #ffa90f;--mantine-color-yellow-8: #ca8200;--mantine-color-yellow-9: #af7000;--mantine-h1-font-size: clamp(28.0000px, calc(23.6364px + 1.3636vw), 40.0000px);--mantine-h1-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h2-font-size: clamp(24.0000px, calc(21.0909px + 0.9091vw), 32.0000px);--mantine-h2-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h3-font-size: clamp(20.0000px, calc(17.0909px + 0.9091vw), 28.0000px);--mantine-h3-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h4-font-size: clamp(16.0000px, calc(13.0909px + 0.9091vw), 24.0000px);--mantine-h4-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h5-font-size: clamp(16.0000px, calc(14.5455px + 0.4545vw), 20.0000px);--mantine-h5-font-weight: normal;--mantine-h6-font-size: 1rem;--mantine-h6-font-weight: normal;}

:root[data-mantine-color-scheme="dark"], :host([data-mantine-color-scheme="dark"]){--mantine-color-anchor: var(--mantine-color-text);--mantine-color-dimmed: #495057;--mantine-color-dark-filled: var(--mantine-color-dark-5);--mantine-color-dark-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-dark-6);--mantine-color-dark-light: rgba(105, 105, 105, 0.15);--mantine-color-dark-light-hover: rgba(105, 105, 105, 0.2);--mantine-color-dark-light-color: var(--mantine-color-dark-0);--mantine-color-dark-outline: var(--mantine-color-dark-1);--mantine-color-dark-outline-hover: rgba(184, 184, 184, 0.05);--mantine-color-gray-filled: var(--mantine-color-gray-5);--mantine-color-gray-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-gray-6);--mantine-color-gray-light: rgba(222, 226, 230, 0.15);--mantine-color-gray-light-hover: rgba(222, 226, 230, 0.2);--mantine-color-gray-light-color: var(--mantine-color-gray-0);--mantine-color-gray-outline: var(--mantine-color-gray-1);--mantine-color-gray-outline-hover: rgba(241, 243, 245, 0.05);--mantine-color-red-filled: var(--mantine-color-red-5);--mantine-color-red-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-red-6);--mantine-color-red-light: rgba(236, 120, 120, 0.15);--mantine-color-red-light-hover: rgba(236, 120, 120, 0.2);--mantine-color-red-light-color: var(--mantine-color-red-0);--mantine-color-red-outline: var(--mantine-color-red-1);--mantine-color-red-outline-hover: rgba(254, 212, 212, 0.05);--mantine-color-pink-filled: var(--mantine-color-pink-5);--mantine-color-pink-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-pink-6);--mantine-color-pink-light: rgba(250, 162, 193, 0.15);--mantine-color-pink-light-hover: rgba(250, 162, 193, 0.2);--mantine-color-pink-light-color: var(--mantine-color-pink-0);--mantine-color-pink-outline: var(--mantine-color-pink-1);--mantine-color-pink-outline-hover: rgba(255, 222, 235, 0.05);--mantine-color-grape-filled: var(--mantine-color-grape-5);--mantine-color-grape-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-grape-6);--mantine-color-grape-light: rgba(229, 153, 247, 0.15);--mantine-color-grape-light-hover: rgba(229, 153, 247, 0.2);--mantine-color-grape-light-color: var(--mantine-color-grape-0);--mantine-color-grape-outline: var(--mantine-color-grape-1);--mantine-color-grape-outline-hover: rgba(243, 217, 250, 0.05);--mantine-color-violet-filled: var(--mantine-color-violet-5);--mantine-color-violet-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-violet-6);--mantine-color-violet-light: rgba(209, 111, 255, 0.15);--mantine-color-violet-light-hover: rgba(209, 111, 255, 0.2);--mantine-color-violet-light-color: var(--mantine-color-violet-0);--mantine-color-violet-outline: var(--mantine-color-violet-1);--mantine-color-violet-outline-hover: rgba(241, 207, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-indigo-filled: var(--mantine-color-indigo-5);--mantine-color-indigo-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-indigo-6);--mantine-color-indigo-light: rgba(123, 121, 235, 0.15);--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover: rgba(123, 121, 235, 0.2);--mantine-color-indigo-light-color: var(--mantine-color-indigo-0);--mantine-color-indigo-outline: var(--mantine-color-indigo-1);--mantine-color-indigo-outline-hover: rgba(214, 213, 254, 0.05);--mantine-color-blue-filled: var(--mantine-color-blue-5);--mantine-color-blue-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-blue-6);--mantine-color-blue-light: rgba(116, 192, 252, 0.15);--mantine-color-blue-light-hover: rgba(116, 192, 252, 0.2);--mantine-color-blue-light-color: var(--mantine-color-blue-0);--mantine-color-blue-outline: var(--mantine-color-blue-1);--mantine-color-blue-outline-hover: rgba(208, 235, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-cyan-filled: var(--mantine-color-cyan-5);--mantine-color-cyan-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-cyan-6);--mantine-color-cyan-light: rgba(100, 218, 255, 0.15);--mantine-color-cyan-light-hover: rgba(100, 218, 255, 0.2);--mantine-color-cyan-light-color: var(--mantine-color-cyan-0);--mantine-color-cyan-outline: var(--mantine-color-cyan-1);--mantine-color-cyan-outline-hover: rgba(202, 245, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-teal-filled: var(--mantine-color-teal-5);--mantine-color-teal-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-teal-6);--mantine-color-teal-light: rgba(99, 230, 190, 0.15);--mantine-color-teal-light-hover: rgba(99, 230, 190, 0.2);--mantine-color-teal-light-color: var(--mantine-color-teal-0);--mantine-color-teal-outline: var(--mantine-color-teal-1);--mantine-color-teal-outline-hover: rgba(195, 250, 232, 0.05);--mantine-color-green-filled: var(--mantine-color-green-5);--mantine-color-green-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-green-6);--mantine-color-green-light: rgba(134, 223, 148, 0.15);--mantine-color-green-light-hover: rgba(134, 223, 148, 0.2);--mantine-color-green-light-color: var(--mantine-color-green-0);--mantine-color-green-outline: var(--mantine-color-green-1);--mantine-color-green-outline-hover: rgba(215, 246, 220, 0.05);--mantine-color-lime-filled: var(--mantine-color-lime-5);--mantine-color-lime-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-lime-6);--mantine-color-lime-light: rgba(192, 235, 117, 0.15);--mantine-color-lime-light-hover: rgba(192, 235, 117, 0.2);--mantine-color-lime-light-color: var(--mantine-color-lime-0);--mantine-color-lime-outline: var(--mantine-color-lime-1);--mantine-color-lime-outline-hover: rgba(233, 250, 200, 0.05);--mantine-color-yellow-filled: var(--mantine-color-yellow-5);--mantine-color-yellow-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-yellow-6);--mantine-color-yellow-light: rgba(255, 201, 102, 0.15);--mantine-color-yellow-light-hover: rgba(255, 201, 102, 0.2);--mantine-color-yellow-light-color: var(--mantine-color-yellow-0);--mantine-color-yellow-outline: var(--mantine-color-yellow-1);--mantine-color-yellow-outline-hover: rgba(255, 238, 205, 0.05);--mantine-color-orange-filled: var(--mantine-color-orange-5);--mantine-color-orange-filled-hover: var(--mantine-color-orange-6);--mantine-color-orange-light: rgba(255, 192, 120, 0.15);--mantine-color-orange-light-hover: rgba(255, 192, 120, 0.2);--mantine-color-orange-light-color: var(--mantine-color-orange-0);--mantine-color-orange-outline: var(--mantine-color-orange-1);--mantine-color-orange-outline-hover: rgba(255, 232, 204, 0.05);--app-cta-gradient: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-9) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-7) 100%);--app-color-surface: #2e2e2e;}

:root[data-mantine-color-scheme="light"], :host([data-mantine-color-scheme="light"]){--mantine-color-anchor: var(--mantine-color-text);--mantine-color-dimmed: #495057;--mantine-color-red-light: rgba(224, 40, 41, 0.1);--mantine-color-red-light-hover: rgba(224, 40, 41, 0.12);--mantine-color-red-outline-hover: rgba(224, 40, 41, 0.05);--mantine-color-violet-light: rgba(176, 9, 255, 0.1);--mantine-color-violet-light-hover: rgba(176, 9, 255, 0.12);--mantine-color-violet-outline-hover: rgba(176, 9, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-indigo-light: rgba(45, 42, 223, 0.1);--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover: rgba(45, 42, 223, 0.12);--mantine-color-indigo-outline-hover: rgba(45, 42, 223, 0.05);--mantine-color-cyan-light: rgba(0, 194, 255, 0.1);--mantine-color-cyan-light-hover: rgba(0, 194, 255, 0.12);--mantine-color-cyan-outline-hover: rgba(0, 194, 255, 0.05);--mantine-color-green-light: rgba(63, 204, 84, 0.1);--mantine-color-green-light-hover: rgba(63, 204, 84, 0.12);--mantine-color-green-outline-hover: rgba(63, 204, 84, 0.05);--mantine-color-yellow-light: rgba(255, 169, 15, 0.1);--mantine-color-yellow-light-hover: rgba(255, 169, 15, 0.12);--mantine-color-yellow-outline-hover: rgba(255, 169, 15, 0.05);--app-color-surface: #f1f3f5;--app-cta-gradient: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-5) 100%);}</style><style data-mantine-styles="classes">@media (max-width: 35.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-xs {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 36em) {.mantine-hidden-from-xs {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 47.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-sm {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 48em) {.mantine-hidden-from-sm {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 61.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-md {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 62em) {.mantine-hidden-from-md {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 74.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-lg {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 75em) {.mantine-hidden-from-lg {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 87.99375em) {.mantine-visible-from-xl {display: none !important;}}@media (min-width: 88em) {.mantine-hidden-from-xl {display: none !important;}}</style><div style="position:absolute;top:0rem" class=""></div><div style="max-width:var(--container-size-xl);height:100%;min-height:0rem" class=""><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_5ub_{--grid-gutter:0rem;}</style><div style="height:100%;min-height:0rem" class="m_410352e9 mantine-Grid-root __m__-_R_5ub_"><div class="m_dee7bd2f mantine-Grid-inner" style="height:100%"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_rdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:91.66666666666667%;--col-max-width:91.66666666666667%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_rdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:83.33333333333334%;--col-max-width:83.33333333333334%;}}</style><div style="min-width:0rem;height:100%;min-height:0rem;display:flex" class="m_96bdd299 mantine-Grid-col __m__-_R_rdub_"><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{margin-top:0rem;padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);width:100%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);width:80%;}}@media(min-width: 62em){.__m__-_R_6qrdub_{padding-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xl);}}</style><div style="margin-inline:auto;max-width:var(--mantine-breakpoint-xl)" class="__m__-_R_6qrdub_"><div style="color:var(--mantine-color-dimmed)" class="m_4451eb3a mantine-Center-root" data-inline="true"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-xs);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;margin-inline-end:calc(0.125rem * var(--mantine-scale));color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="xs"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-lock "><path d="M5 13a2 2 0 0 1 2 -2h10a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6a2 2 0 0 1 -2 2h-10a2 2 0 0 1 -2 -2v-6"></path><path d="M11 16a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 0 0 -2 0"></path><path d="M8 11v-4a4 4 0 1 1 8 0v4"></path></svg></div><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Базы данных: SQL (DQL)</p></div><h1 style="--title-fw:var(--mantine-h1-font-weight);--title-lh:var(--mantine-h1-line-height);--title-fz:var(--mantine-h1-font-size);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class="m_8a5d1357 mantine-Title-root" data-order="1">Теория: Объединения таблиц</h1><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"LearningResource","name":"Объединения таблиц","inLanguage":"ru","isPartOf":{"@type":"LearningResource","name":"Базы данных: SQL (DQL)"},"isAccessibleForFree":"False","hasPart":{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":"False","cssSelector":".paywalled"}}</script><div class=""><div style="--alert-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-lg)" class="m_66836ed3 mantine-Alert-root" id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_" role="alert" aria-describedby="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" aria-labelledby="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title"><div class="m_a5d60502 mantine-Alert-wrapper"><div class="m_667f2a6a mantine-Alert-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-rocket "><path d="M4 13a8 8 0 0 1 7 7a6 6 0 0 0 3 -5a9 9 0 0 0 6 -8a3 3 0 0 0 -3 -3a9 9 0 0 0 -8 6a6 6 0 0 0 -5 3"></path><path d="M7 14a6 6 0 0 0 -3 6a6 6 0 0 0 6 -3"></path><path d="M14 9a1 1 0 1 0 2 0a1 1 0 1 0 -2 0"></path></svg></div><div class="m_667c2793 mantine-Alert-body"><div class="m_6a03f287 mantine-Alert-title"><span id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-title" class="m_698f4f23 mantine-Alert-label">Полный доступ к материалам</span></div><div id="mantine-_R_remqrdub_-body" class="m_7fa78076 mantine-Alert-message"><div style="--group-gap:var(--mantine-spacing-md);--group-align:center;--group-justify:space-between;--group-wrap:wrap" class="m_4081bf90 mantine-Group-root"><p class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Зарегистрируйтесь и получите доступ к этому и десяткам других курсов</p><a style="--button-height:var(--button-height-xs);--button-padding-x:var(--button-padding-x-xs);--button-fz:var(--mantine-font-size-xs);--button-bg:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-hover:linear-gradient(45deg, var(--mantine-color-blue-filled) 0%, var(--mantine-color-cyan-filled) 100%);--button-color:var(--mantine-color-white);--button-bd:none" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_77c9d27d mantine-Button-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="gradient" data-size="xs" href="/u/new"><span class="m_80f1301b mantine-Button-inner"><span class="m_811560b9 mantine-Button-label">Зарегистрироваться</span></span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class=""><div class="ratio ratio-16x9"><iframe width="100%" height="auto" src="//player.vimeo.com/video/136605265" loading="lazy" allowFullScreen="" title="video"></iframe></div></div><div class="paywalled m_d08caa0 mantine-Typography-root"></div></div></div></div><style data-mantine-styles="inline">.__m__-_R_1bdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:8.333333333333334%;--col-max-width:8.333333333333334%;}@media(min-width: 48em){.__m__-_R_1bdub_{--col-flex-grow:auto;--col-flex-basis:16.666666666666668%;--col-max-width:16.666666666666668%;}}</style><div style="min-width:0rem;height:100%;min-height:0rem" class="m_96bdd299 mantine-Grid-col __m__-_R_1bdub_"><div style="margin-inline:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="mantine-visible-from-sm"><a style="--button-color:var(--mantine-color-white);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da mantine-focus-auto m_77c9d27d mantine-Button-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/finish_unit?unit=theory" data-disabled="true" data-block="true" disabled=""><span class="m_80f1301b mantine-Button-inner"><span class="m_811560b9 mantine-Button-label"><span style="margin-inline-end:var(--mantine-spacing-xs)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Дальше</span>→</span></span></a><a style="padding-inline:0rem" class="mantine-focus-auto m_f0824112 mantine-NavLink-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root"><span class="m_690090b5 mantine-NavLink-section" data-position="left"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-sm);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-list-numbers "><path d="M11 6h9"></path><path d="M11 12h9"></path><path d="M12 18h8"></path><path d="M4 16a2 2 0 1 1 4 0c0 .591 -.5 1 -1 1.5l-3 2.5h4"></path><path d="M6 10v-6l-2 2"></path></svg></div></span><div class="m_f07af9d2 mantine-NavLink-body"><span class="m_1f6ac4c4 mantine-NavLink-label">Навигация по теме</span><span class="m_57492dcc mantine-NavLink-description">Теория</span></div><span class="m_690090b5 mantine-NavLink-section" data-position="right"></span></a><div style="margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class="m_3eebeb36 mantine-Divider-root" data-orientation="horizontal" role="separator"></div><div style="margin-block:var(--mantine-spacing-lg)" class=""><div style="justify-content:space-between;margin-bottom:calc(0.1875rem * var(--mantine-scale));color:var(--mantine-color-dimmed);font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xs)" class="m_8bffd616 mantine-Flex-root __m__-_R_qimrbdub_"><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xs)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">Завершено</p><p style="font-size:var(--mantine-font-size-xs)" class="mantine-focus-auto m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root">0 / 10</p></div><div style="--progress-size:var(--progress-size-sm)" class="m_db6d6462 mantine-Progress-root" data-size="sm"><div style="--progress-section-size:0%;--progress-section-color:var(--mantine-color-gray-filled)" class="m_2242eb65 mantine-Progress-section" role="progressbar" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuetext="0%"></div></div></div><button style="padding-inline:0rem" class="mantine-focus-auto m_f0824112 mantine-NavLink-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" type="button"><span class="m_690090b5 mantine-NavLink-section" data-position="left"><div style="--ti-size:var(--ti-size-sm);--ti-bg:transparent;--ti-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ti-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;color:inherit" class="m_7341320d mantine-ThemeIcon-root" data-variant="transparent" data-size="sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-message "><path d="M8 9h8"></path><path d="M8 13h6"></path><path d="M18 4a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v8a3 3 0 0 1 -3 3h-5l-5 3v-3h-2a3 3 0 0 1 -3 -3v-8a3 3 0 0 1 3 -3h12"></path></svg></div></span><div class="m_f07af9d2 mantine-NavLink-body"><span class="m_1f6ac4c4 mantine-NavLink-label">Обсуждения (архив)</span><span class="m_57492dcc mantine-NavLink-description"></span></div></button><div style="--toc-bg:var(--mantine-color-blue-light);--toc-color:var(--mantine-color-blue-light-color);--toc-size:var(--mantine-font-size-sm);--toc-radius:var(--mantine-radius-sm);margin-top:var(--mantine-spacing-xl)" class="m_bcaa9990 mantine-TableOfContents-root" data-variant="light" data-size="sm"></div></div><div class="mantine-hidden-from-sm"><div style="--stack-gap:0rem;--stack-align:stretch;--stack-justify:flex-start" class="m_6d731127 mantine-Stack-root"><a style="--button-color:var(--mantine-color-white);margin-bottom:var(--mantine-spacing-xs);padding:0rem;text-decoration:none" class="mantine-focus-auto m_849cf0da mantine-focus-auto m_77c9d27d mantine-Button-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root m_b6d8b162 mantine-Text-root mantine-Anchor-root" data-underline="hover" href="/courses/sql-dql/lessons/inner_join/finish_unit?unit=theory" data-disabled="true" data-block="true" disabled=""><span class="m_80f1301b mantine-Button-inner"><span class="m_811560b9 mantine-Button-label">→</span></span></a><button style="--ai-size:var(--ai-size-sm);--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover);--ai-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ai-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;padding-block:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);color:inherit;width:100%" class="mantine-focus-auto m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="subtle" data-size="sm" data-disabled="true" type="button" disabled=""><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-list-numbers "><path d="M11 6h9"></path><path d="M11 12h9"></path><path d="M12 18h8"></path><path d="M4 16a2 2 0 1 1 4 0c0 .591 -.5 1 -1 1.5l-3 2.5h4"></path><path d="M6 10v-6l-2 2"></path></svg></span></button><button style="--ai-size:var(--ai-size-sm);--ai-bg:transparent;--ai-hover:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-hover);--ai-color:var(--mantine-color-indigo-light-color);--ai-bd:calc(0.0625rem * var(--mantine-scale)) solid transparent;padding-block:var(--mantine-spacing-lg);color:inherit;width:100%" class="mantine-focus-auto mantine-active m_8d3f4000 mantine-ActionIcon-root m_87cf2631 mantine-UnstyledButton-root" data-variant="subtle" data-size="sm" type="button"><span class="m_8d3afb97 mantine-ActionIcon-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="tabler-icon tabler-icon-message "><path d="M8 9h8"></path><path d="M8 13h6"></path><path d="M18 4a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v8a3 3 0 0 1 -3 3h-5l-5 3v-3h-2a3 3 0 0 1 -3 -3v-8a3 3 0 0 1 3 -3h12"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
</main>
<footer class="bg-dark fw-light text-light px-3 py-5">
<div class="row small">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5 mb-3">Хекслет</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/about">О нас</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/testimonials">Отзывы</a>
</li>
<li>
<span class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0 external-link" data-href="https://b2b.hexlet.io" role="button">Корпоративное обучение</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/blog">Блог</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/qna">Вопросы и ответы</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/glossary">Глоссарий</a>
</li>
<li>
<span class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0 external-link" data-href="https://help.hexlet.io" data-target="_blank" role="button">Справка</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="/map">Карта сайта</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5 fw-normal mb-3">Направления</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_devops">DevOps
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_data_analytics">Аналитика
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_backend_development">Бэкенд
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_programming">Программирование
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_testing">Тестирование
</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/courses_front_end_dev">Фронтенд
</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5">Профессии</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/devops-engineer-from-scratch">DevOps-инженер с нуля</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/go">Go-разработчик</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/java">Java-разработчик</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/python">Python-разработчик </a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/data-analytics">Аналитик данных</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/qa-engineer">Инженер по ручному тестированию</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/php">РНР-разработчик</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/frontend">Фронтенд-разработчик</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class="h5">Навыки</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/python-django-developer">Django</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/docker">Docker</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/php-laravel-developer">Laravel</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/postman">Postman</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/js-react-developer">React</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/js-rest-api">REST API в Node.js</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/spring-boot">Spring Boot</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/programs/typescript">Typescript</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-4 col-md-2">
<div class="fs-4">
<ul class="list-unstyled d-flex">
<li class="me-3">
<a aria-label="Telegram" target="_blank" class="link-light" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://t.me/hexlet_ru"><span class="bi bi-telegram"></span>
</a></li>
<li>
<a aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" class="link-light" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/HexletUniversity"><span class="bi bi-youtube"></span>
</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="mb-2 d-flex flex-column">
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none" rel="nofollow" href="mailto:support@hexlet.io">support@hexlet.io</a>
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none py-2" target="_blank" href="https://t.me/hexlet_help_bot">t.me/hexlet_help_bot</a>
</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled d-flex">
<li class="me-3">
<span class="link-light text-decoration-none opacity-50 x-font-size-18 external-link" rel="nofollow" data-href="https://hexlet.io/locale/switch?new_locale=en" data-target="_self" role="button"><span class="my-auto">EN</span>
</span></li>
<li class="me-3">
<span class="link-light text-decoration-none opacity-50 x-font-size-18 opacity-100 external-link" rel="nofollow" data-href="https://ru.hexlet.io/locale/switch?new_locale=ru" data-target="_self" role="button"><span class="my-auto">RU</span>
</span></li>
<li class="me-3">
<span class="link-light text-decoration-none opacity-50 x-font-size-18 external-link" rel="nofollow" data-href="https://kz.hexlet.io/locale/switch?new_locale=kz" data-target="_self" role="button"><span class="my-auto">KZ</span>
</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3">
<ul class="list-unstyled fs-4">
<li class="mb-3">
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none" href="tel:8%20800%20100%2022%2047">8 800 100 22 47</a>
<span class="d-block opacity-50 small">бесплатно по РФ</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="link-light text-decoration-none" href="tel:%2B7%20495%20085%2021%2062">+7 495 085 21 62</a>
<span class="d-block opacity-50 small">бесплатно по Москве</span>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3">
<div class="small mb-3">Образовательные услуги оказываются на основании Л035-01298-77/01989008 от 14.03.2025</div>
<ul class="list-unstyled small">
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/legal">Правовая информация</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/offer">Оферта</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/license">Лицензия</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link link-light py-1 ps-0" href="/pages/contacts">Контакты</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-4 small">
<div class="mb-2">
<div>ООО «<a href="/" class="text-decoration-none link-light">Хекслет Рус</a>»</div>
<div>108813 г. Москва, вн.тер.г. поселение Московский,</div>
<div>г. Московский, ул. Солнечная, д. 3А, стр. 1, помещ. 20Б/3</div>
<div>ОГРН 1217300010476</div>
<div>ИНН 7325174845</div>
</div>
<hr>
<div>АНО ДПО «<a href="/" class="text-decoration-none link-light">Учебный центр «Хекслет</a>»</div>
<div>119331 г. Москва, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ</div>
<div>Ломоносовский, пр-кт Вернадского, д. 29</div>
<div>ОГРН 1247700712390</div>
<div>ИНН 7736364948</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>


<div id="root-assistant-offcanvas"></div>
<script src="/vite/assets/assistant-Bukl1lYy.js" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module"></script><link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/chunk-DsPFFUou.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/init-BrRXra1y.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/ErrorFallbackBlock-naDSYSy9.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/MarkdownBlock-DbyKWoR_.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/gon-D3e4yh1x.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/mantine-CGMYrt2Y.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/shiki-V011pkdv.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/utils-DRqSHbQE.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/routes-CCH8ilKF.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/lib-XR8Qr8kR.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/dist-GCHh59xr.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/Box-B5-OOzBf.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/notifications.store-C-3AFSMn.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/useIsomorphicEffect-HJ6VK0D3.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/lib-KSp6QbZ0.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/axios-BEvgo0ym.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/classnames-l6ipYlLR.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/dayjs.min-BkKovM-s.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/debounce-jMQ_Cf4f.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/i18next-BlSq9s7B.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/client-U9M77rxp.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-dom-DaLxUz_h.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/useTranslation-Bx1Cdrkz.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/compiler-runtime-6XxiPFnt.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/jsx-runtime-CwjcCKJi.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/vite/assets/react-CkL4ZRHB.js" as="script" crossorigin="anonymous">



<script defer src="https://static.cloudflareinsights.com/beacon.min.js/v67327c56f0bb4ef8b305cae61679db8f1769101564043" integrity="sha512-rdcWY47ByXd76cbCFzznIcEaCN71jqkWBBqlwhF1SY7KubdLKZiEGeP7AyieKZlGP9hbY/MhGrwXzJC/HulNyg==" data-cf-beacon='{"version":"2024.11.0","token":"d11015b65d11429ea6b4a2ef37dd7e0b","server_timing":{"name":{"cfCacheStatus":true,"cfEdge":true,"cfExtPri":true,"cfL4":true,"cfOrigin":true,"cfSpeedBrain":true},"location_startswith":null}}' crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>